Ultra-low-light visible-near-infrared position-sensitive detector based on femtosecond laser nitrogen-hyperdoped silicon.

We introduce position-sensitive detectors (PSDs) based on femtosecond laser-structured sulfur-doped, nitrogen-doped, and S-N co-hyperdoped black silicon. In contrast to crystalline silicon, black silicon-based PSDs exhibit linear lateral photovoltage dependent on the light spot position. Thermal annealing at 873 K induces a tenfold enhancement in the position sensitivity of nitrogen-doped black silicon, reaching 129 mV/mm under white light irradiation.

Effect of driving pressure-guided positive end-expiratory pressure on respiratory mechanics and clinical outcomes in surgical patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Intraoperative driving pressure-guided positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is effective for reducing postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). However, its impact on respiratory mechanics and clinical outcomes requires further elaboration.

Methods: PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Embase were searched from inception to May 2024 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effect of PEEP with conventional fixed positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in patients undergoing surgery.

A Superhydrophobic Photothermal Cotton Fabric for Anti-Icing/Deicing and High-Performance Urea-Formaldehyde Foam.

Superhydrophobic photothermal coatings are promising for anti-icing and deicing, but the current challenge lies in developing a readily scalable and efficient photothermal material. Herein, a low-cost and efficient superhydrophobic photothermal cotton fabric (PDMS/PPy@fabric) was facilely fabricated by in situ growth of polypyrrole (PPy) and siloxane (PDMS) treatment. The synergistic integration of the photothermal property of PPy, transparent and robust PDMS layer with low surface energy, and hierarchical micro-/nanoscale structure endowed the fabric with exceptional durable superhydrophobicity and photothermal conversion efficiency.

Identification and Functional Characterization of a Novel Mutation Predisposing to Coffin-Siris Syndromic Congenital Heart Disease.

Congenital heart disease (CHD) occurs in ~1% of all live neonates globally, rendering it the most prevalent developmental anomaly affecting humans; this condition confers substantial infant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although there is ample evidence to suggest a paramount genetic basis for CHD, the genetic etiologies underpinning the majority of CHD remain elusive. In the present study, was selected as a significant candidate gene for human CHD, mainly because SOX4 is abundantly expressed in both human and murine hearts during embryogenesis, and the knockout of in mice causes embryonic demise predominantly attributable to cardiovascular developmental defects.

Associations between serum total bilirubin and overactive bladder from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Background: The relationship between serum total bilirubin (STB) concentrations and the risk of overactive bladder (OAB) remains uncertain. This study aims to explore the potential connection between STB and OAB.

Method: We utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database for the years 2001-2020.

Unphysiological lung strain promotes ventilation-induced lung injury via activation of the PECAM-1/Src/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Introduction: In patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome, mechanical ventilation often leads to ventilation-induced lung injury (VILI), which is attributed to unphysiological lung strain (UPLS) in respiratory dynamics. Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1), a transmembrane receptor, senses mechanical signals. The Src/STAT3 pathway plays a crucial role in the mechanotransduction network, concurrently triggering pyroptosis related inflammatory responses.

Predicting 28-day all-cause mortality in patients admitted to intensive care units with pre-existing chronic heart failure using the stress hyperglycemia ratio: a machine learning-driven retrospective cohort analysis.

Chronic heart failure (CHF) poses a significant threat to human health. The stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) is a novel metric for accurately assessing stress hyperglycemia, which has been correlated with adverse outcomes in various major diseases. However, it remains unclear whether SHR is associated with 28-day mortality in patients with pre-existing CHF who were admitted to intensive care units (ICUs).

Emerging roles of mechanosensitive ion channels in ventilator induced lung injury: a systematic review.

Background: The pathogenetic mechanisms of ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) still need to be elucidated. The mechanical forces during mechanical ventilation are continually sensed and transmitted by mechanosensitive ion channels (MSICs) in pulmonary endothelial, epithelial, and immune cells. In recent years, MSICs have been shown to be involved in VILI.

Comparison of the efficacy of autologous Lp-PRP and Lr-PRP for treating intervertebral disc degeneration: in vitro and in vivo study.

Background: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) was the most common cause of low back pain. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) has the potential to repair IDD, however, there is still no conclusion on whether Leukocyte-poor platelet rich plasma (Lp-PRP) or Leukocyte-rich platelet rich plasma (Lr-PRP) is better for the treatment of IDD.

Methods: First, we conducted an in vitro study to compare the effects of autologous Lp-PRP and Lr-PRP on human degenerated nucleus pulposus (NP) cells.

Theoretical study on lithium storage performance of V-doped TiCO MXene.

With the increasing application of lithium-ion batteries, the demand for high energy density, high-rate performance and high stability lithium-ion batteries is becoming more and more urgent. TiCO MXene, as a two-dimensional material with multilayer atomic structure and multiple active sites, has great advantages in lithium-ion battery electrode materials. However, the original TiCO MXene has been unable to meet the requirements of lithium-ion batteries due to its semiconductor properties.

Light and gas dual-function detection and mutual enhancement based on hyperdoped black silicon.

We introduce a unique dual-function detector with an asymmetric light illumination based on the black silicon co-hyperdoped with sulfur and nitrogen for light and gas detection, and the properties in NO gas sensing and photoelectric detection are studied under various light and gas environments, respectively. Enhanced performance of the device under certain light and gas conditions is observed. When illuminated at the optimal wavelength, the gas sensors' responsivity to NO can be enhanced by approximately 5 to 200 times over 730 nm illumination, respectively.

Discovery of as a new gene underpinning congenital heart defects.

Objective: Aggregating evidence convincingly establishes the predominant genetic basis underlying congenital heart defects (CHD), though the heritable determinants contributing to CHD in the majority of cases remain elusive. In the current investigation, was selected as a prime candidate gene for human CHD mainly due to cardiovascular developmental abnormalities in -knockout animals. The objective of this retrospective study was to identify a new mutation responsible for CHD and characterize the functional effect of the identified CHD-causing mutation.

Electrochemical Synthesis of Functionalized Graphene/Polyaniline Composite Using Two Electrode Configuration for Supercapacitors.

An effective approach for the large-scale fabrication of conducting polyaniline (PANI) using in situ anodic electrochemical polymerization on nickel foam which had been coated in aryl diazonium salt (ADS)-modified graphene (ADS-G). In the present work, ADS-G was used as a high surface-area support material for the electrochemical polymerization of PANI. The electrochemical performances of the ADS-G/PANI composites exhibited better suitability as supercapacitor electrode materials than those of the PANI.

Electro-mechanical coupling directs endothelial activities through intracellular calcium ion deployment.

Conversion between mechanical and electrical cues is usually considered unidirectional in cells with cardiomyocytes being an exception. Here, we discover a material-induced external electric field () triggers an electro-mechanical coupling feedback loop in cells other than cardiomyocytes, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), by opening their mechanosensitive Piezo1 channels. When HUVECs are cultured on patterned piezoelectric materials, the materials generate (confined at the cellular scale) to polarize intracellular calcium ions ([Ca]), forming a built-in electric field () opposing .

The Study on the Morphology and Compression Properties of Microcellular TPU/Nanoclay Tissue Scaffolds for Potential Tissue Engineering Applications.

Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) materials have shown promise in tissue engineering applications due to their mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, the addition of nanoclays to TPU can further enhance its properties. In this study, the effects of nanoclays on the microstructure, mechanical behavior, cytocompatibility, and proliferation of TPU/nanoclay (TPUNC) composite scaffolds were comprehensively investigated.

MXene/graphene oxide heterojunction as a high performance anode material for lithium ion batteries.

MXene/graphene oxide composites with strong interfacial interactions were constructed by ball milling in vacuum. Graphene oxide (GO) acted as a bridge between TiCT nanosheets in the composite material, which could buffer the mechanical shear force during the ball milling process, avoid the structural damage of nanosheets and improve the structural stability of the composite material during the lithium process. Partial oxidation of TiCT nanosheets is caused by high temperatures during ball milling, which is beneficial to improve the intercalation of lithium ions in the material, reduce the stress and electrostatic repulsion between adjacent layers, and cause the composite to have better lithium storage performance.

Biocytin-Labeling in Whole-Cell Recording: Electrophysiological and Morphological Properties of Pyramidal Neurons in CYLD-Deficient Mice.

Biocytin, a chemical compound that is an amide formed from the vitamin biotin and the amino acid L-lysine, has been used as a histological dye to stain nerve cells. Electrophysiological activity and morphology are two key characteristics of neurons, but revealing both the electrophysiological and morphological properties of the same neuron is challenging. This article introduces a detailed and easy-to-operate procedure for single-cell labeling in combination with whole-cell patch-clamp recording.

cAMP-EPAC-PKCε-RIM1α signaling regulates presynaptic long-term potentiation and motor learning.

The cerebellum is involved in learning of fine motor skills, yet whether presynaptic plasticity contributes to such learning remains elusive. Here, we report that the EPAC-PKCε module has a critical role in a presynaptic form of long-term potentiation in the cerebellum and motor behavior in mice. Presynaptic cAMP-EPAC-PKCε signaling cascade induces a previously unidentified threonine phosphorylation of RIM1α, and thereby initiates the assembly of the Rab3A-RIM1α-Munc13-1 tripartite complex that facilitates docking and release of synaptic vesicles.

Distinct chemistry between Zn and Li at varied temperature.

The operating temperature of batteries is an essential consideration in actual applications. Understanding the temperature dependence is conducive to battery design. The experience in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) indicates that the dendrite issue is exacerbated at lower temperatures and suppressed at higher temperatures.

The Study of Crystallization Behavior, Microcellular Structure and Thermal Properties of Glass-Fiber/Polycarbonate Composites.

Polycarbonate (PC) foam is a versatile material with excellent properties, but its low thermal stability limits its application in high-temperature environments. The aim of this study was to improve the thermal stability of PC foam by adding glass fibers (GF) and to investigate the effect of GF on PC crystallization behavior and PC foam cell morphology. This study was motivated by the need to improve the performance of PC foams in various industries, such as construction, automotive, and medical.

Perineal ultrasound to assess the urethral spatial movement in stress urinary incontinence in women.

Background: Perineal ultrasound as a non-invasive method for the diagnosis of female stress urinary incontinence has attracted more and more attention. However, the criteria for stress urinary incontinence in women using perineal ultrasound have not been fully established. Our study aimed to evaluate characteristics of the urethral spatial movement with perineal ultrasonography.

A patient-derived mutation of epilepsy-linked LGI1 increases seizure susceptibility through regulating K1.1.

Background: Autosomal dominant lateral temporal epilepsy (ADLTE) is an inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1 (LGI1) gene. It is known that functional LGI1 is secreted by excitatory neurons, GABAergic interneurons, and astrocytes, and regulates AMPA-type glutamate receptor-mediated synaptic transmission by binding ADAM22 and ADAM23. However, > 40 LGI1 mutations have been reported in familial ADLTE patients, more than half of which are secretion-defective.

Effect of continuing the use of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors on mortality in patients hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression analysis.

Background: The effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) on mortality was preliminarily explored through the comparison of ACEIs/ARBs with non-ACEIs/ARBs in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Reaching a conclusion on whether previous ACEI/ARB treatment should be continued in view of the different ACE2 levels in the comparison groups was not unimpeachable. Therefore, this study aimed to further elucidate the effect of ACEI/ARB continuation on hospital mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in the same patient population.