Novel strategies for low overpotential metal-air batteries.

This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in metal-air batteries, including zinc-air, aluminum-air, and lithium-air batteries, with a particular emphasis on strategies to mitigate overpotentials and enhance energy efficiency and cycling stability. Metal-air batteries have garnered significant attention due to their exceptionally high theoretical energy densities. However, their practical applications are impeded by substantial overpotentials during charge and discharge processes, which are primarily attributed to kinetic limitations at electrode interfaces, mass transport restrictions of reactants and products, and inherent system resistances.

Remodeling adipocytes' lipid metabolism with a polycation loaded enzyme-active framework reverses osteoporotic bone marrow.

The function of osteoporosis-induced bone marrow adipocyte (BMAds) accumulation remains inadequately understood. Here, we analyze bone marrow lipidomic data and reveal that BMAds deteriorate the skeletal microenvironment by secreting large amounts of lipids, altering the senescence status of neighboring cells by affecting their mitochondrial function. To specifically target BMAds under osteoporotic conditions, we design a polycation-loaded biomimetic dual-site framework (CZP@LC) that interferes with lipid crosstalk between BMAds and neighboring bone marrow cells.

Combining thermocompression, multi-enzymolysis, and citric acid-grafting or carboxymethylation on the physicochemical and hypoglycemic properties of pit dietary .

Introduction: Red jujube ( Mill.) pits are a rich, available, and inexpensive dietary fiber resource. However, red jujube pits are rarely used in the food industry because of their hardness and high content of cellulose and lignin.

Microcystin-LR facilitates pubertal bone retardation by interfering with glutamine metabolism to accelerate stem cell senescence through Hippo/GLS pathway.

Microcystin-leucine-arginine (MC-LR) is a natural toxin produced by freshwater cyanobacteria that can cause pubertal growth retardation. As bone tissues are the supporting organ of the body, it remains unknown whether MC-LR interferes with adolescent growth and development by targeting bone tissue. In the present study, MC-LR accumulated in bones and caused increased loss of trabecular bone and incomplete bone microstructure, leading to bone retardation in adolescent mice.

Crack Extension Analysis and Parameter Optimization in Robot-Assisted Cracked Tooth Preparation Process: Finite Element Analysis and Experiment.

Existing robot-assisted cracked tooth preparation systems often result in crack extension or even tooth fracture due to inappropriate parameter settings. In order to solve this problem, a thermal-mechanical coupling model was developed to optimize the grinding parameters for a cracked tooth preparation robot. The grinding force model, based on an empirical formula, was established and analyzed.

Titanium-catalyzed radical-type deuteriodeboronation of arylboronates.

Deuterated aromatic compounds have extensive applications in organic synthesis and the pharmaceutical industry. Nevertheless, the development of cost-effective transition metal catalysis remains pressing. In this study, we present an unprecedented titanium-catalyzed deuteriodeboronation of arylboronates, which enables the efficient synthesis of deuterated aromatic rings with excellent functional group compatibility and high yields.

Comprehensive multi-omics analysis reveals the prognostic and immune regulatory characteristics of the PTPN family in osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma is a highly aggressive bone tumor that primarily affects adolescents and young adults, posing significant challenges in therapeutic efficacy, prognostic assessment, and treatment strategies. This study investigates the oncogenic and immune regulatory roles of the PTPN family in osteosarcoma using a comprehensive multi-omics approach. We utilized transcriptomic data, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), and clinical information obtained from publicly available databases.

Three typical organophosphorus flame retardants trigger thyroid hormone synthesis by inducing oxidative stress or inflammation reactions in Nthy-ori 3‑1 cells.

Accumulating evidence shows that organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) can interfere with thyroid function in animals. However, studies on the effect of OPFR exposure on human thyroid hormone (TH) synthesis remain limited and controversial. In this study, we sought to investigate the effects and mechanisms of three typical OPFRs, including Tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), tris (2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBEP), and triphenyl phosphate (TPHP), on TH synthesis using human thyroid follicular epithelial Nthy-ori 3-1 cells.

Bioinspired leaf vein-architected gold nanowire ecoflexible biosensors for ultrasensitive occlusal force monitoring.

Flexible biosensors and bioelectronics for real-time healthcare monitoring require high sensitivity and durability, yet their high-cost materials and complex fabrication often hinder clinical translation. Emerging bio-templated electronics leverage evolutionarily optimized natural architectures to overcome these synthetic limitations. Here, we harness the bioinspired, hierarchical structure of natural leaf veins to create an ecoflexible, high-performance sensor, which feature a unique hierarchical, multibranching structure that enhances both mechanical performance and sensing efficiency.

Sr and Co co-doping stabilizes ultrahigh-nickel single-crystal cathodes for high-performance lithium-ion batteries.

Ultrahigh-nickel cathodes show promise but face challenges like surface microcracks, structural dislocations, and oxygen release, leading to performance loss. This work proposes Sr and Co co-doping in the single-crystal structure to enhance its stability and electrochemical performance, offering insights for designing durable, high-performance lithium-ion battery materials.

Precision spatiotemporal analysis of large-scale compound-protein interactions through molecular dynamics simulation.

Biological systems are composed of and regulated by intricate and diverse biomolecular interactions. Experimental and computational approaches have been developed to elucidate the mechanisms of these interactions; however, owing to cost, time, and accuracy issues, large-scale spatiotemporal analyses of molecular pairs remain challenging. Thus, the molecular recognition mechanisms underlying these diverse interactions remain unclear.

Phase-adapted metal ion supply for spinal cord repair with a Mg-Zn incorporated chimeric microsphere.

Dynamic alterations in metal ion concentrations are observed in the pathological process of spinal cord injury (SCI). Hence, strategically supplying metal ions in a phase-adapted manner is promising to facilitate injured spinal cord repair by preventing pathological damage. To achieve this, a chimeric hydrogel microsphere with Mg-crosslinked methacrylate gelatin as the "shell" and Zn-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) as the "core" was designed.

CA-VAR-Markov model of user needs prediction based on user generated content.

In the contemporary, fiercely competitive marketplace, companies must adeptly navigate the complexities of understanding and fulfilling user needs to succeed. By mining potential user needs from User Generated Content (UGC) on social media platforms, businesses can design products that resonate with users' needs, thereby swiftly capturing market share. When predicting user needs in this paper, the collected UGC is first processed through operations such as deduplication, word segmentation, and stop-word removal.

The role of FTO in m6A RNA methylation and immune regulation in infection-related osteomyelitis.

Background: Regulators of n6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification play important roles in many diseases; however, their involvement in ()-related osteomyelitis remains inadequately explored. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the role of m6A in infection-related osteomyelitis and elucidate its underlying mechanisms.

Methods: We downloaded the infection-related osteomyelitis infection dataset GSE30119 from the Gene Expression Omnibus database.

Receptor-independent regulation of Gα13 by alpha-1-antitrypsin C-terminal peptides.

Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), a circulating serine protease inhibitor, is an acute inflammatory response protein with anti-inflammatory functions. The C-terminal peptides of AAT are found in various tissues and have been proposed as putative bioactive peptides with multiple functions, but its mechanism of action remains unclear. We previously reported that a mouse AAT C-terminal peptide of 35 amino acids (mAAT-C) penetrates plasma membrane and associates guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha 13 (Gα13).

Burden of thyroid cancer in China and worldwide from 1990 to 2021: observation, comparison, and forecast from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: Thyroid cancer (TC) is a prevalent malignant tumor of the endocrine system in China. Current research primarily focuses on clinical diagnosis and treatment as well as underlying mechanisms, lacking epidemiological studies on the burden of the disease in China and worldwide.

Methods: The Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 was utilized to assess the incidence, prevalence, death, and disability-adjusted life years of TC in China and worldwide from 1990 to 2021 using the Joinpoint and R software.

Understanding the protein conformation transition within polymer hydrogels using a near-infrared water spectroscopy probe.

For understanding the behavior of the active substance in vivo, the near-infrared (NIR) spectral variations of ovalbumin (OVA) loaded in poly(N, N-dimethyl acrylamide) (PDMAA) hydrogel with temperature were investigated. Analyzing the spectra with improved resolution by continuous wavelet transform (CWT), the absorption variation of the peak at 4851 cm arising from the α-helix of OVA with temperature was studied. The results show that a sharp decrease occurs at a lower temperature in PDMAA hydrogel, indicating that the unfolding of OVA in PDMAA hydrogel is facilitated.

Exploring Food Safety Emergency Incidents on Sina Weibo: Using Text Mining and Sentiment Evolution.

Food safety remains a crucial concern in both public health and societal stability. In the age of information technology, social media has emerged as a pivotal channel for shaping public opinion and disseminating information, exerting a substantial influence on how the public perceives incidents related to food safety. This study specifically focuses on the "Rat-Headed Duck Neck" incident as a case study, conducting a comprehensive analysis of extensive social media data to investigate how online public discourse molds perceptions of such events.

Pathological Involvement of Protein Phase Separation and Aggregation in Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Neurodegenerative diseases are the leading cause of human disability and immensely reduce patients' life span and quality. The diseases are characterized by the functional loss of neuronal cells and share several common pathogenic mechanisms involving the malfunction, structural distortion, or aggregation of multiple key regulatory proteins. Cellular phase separation is the formation of biomolecular condensates that regulate numerous biological processes, including neuronal development and synaptic signaling transduction.

Combining a lateral flow immunoassay with triplex loop-mediated isothermal amplification for the concurrent identification of three bovine diarrhea syndrome viruses.

Numerous viruses, such as the bovine rotavirus (BRV), the bovine parvovirus (BPV), and the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), can cause bovine viral diarrhea syndrome. The global livestock industry has been subjected to significant consequences due to this condition. This results in considerable losses and hinders the production of crucial resources such as meat and milk, which are indispensable for sustaining the world's population.

Comprehensive analysis of splicing factor SRs-related gene characteristics: predicting osteosarcoma prognosis and immune regulation status.

Objective: To investigate the impact of SRs-related genes on the overall survival and prognosis of osteosarcoma patients through bulk and single-cell RNA-seq transcriptome analysis.

Methods: In this study, we constructed a prognosis model based on serine/arginine-rich splicing factors (SRs) and predicted the survival of osteosarcoma patients. By analyzing single-cell RNA sequencing data and applying AUCell enrichment analysis, we revealed oncogenic pathways of SRs in osteosarcoma immune cells.

Multiplex reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification combined with lateral flow biosensor for simultaneous detection of three viral pathogens in cattle.

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), bovine epidemic fever virus (BEFV), and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) cause respiratory symptoms in cattle. The absence of rapid, precise, and easily accessible diagnostic methods poses difficulties for herders and veterinary epidemiologists during outbreaks of major infectious animal diseases. Considering the mixed infection of viruses, a multiple-detection method, reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (mRT-RPA) combined with a lateral flow biosensor (LFB), was established to simultaneously detect the three pathogens.

green architecture of the 3D FeZn-N-C based electrocatalyst for efficient oxygen reduction.

We prepared a 3D FeZn-N-C based catalyst by green growth of 1D Fe-N-C carbon nanotubes by introducing ferrocyanide ions on the surface of 2D exfoliated MOF-5. The 1D/2D FeZn-N-C based electrocatalyst is conducive to O diffusion and ionic/electron transfer, exhibiting an excellent ORR catalytic performance and a peak power density of 294 mW cm for Zn-air batteries.