Systemic resistance induced in tomato plants by Beauveria bassiana-derived proteins against tomato yellow leaf curl virus and aphid Myzus persicae.

Background: Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is an economically important vegetable crop around the globe. Tomato yellow leaf curling (TYLC) is the most devastating viral disease posing a serious threat to tomato production throughout the tropical and subtropical world.

Structural and Functional Analysis of the MADS-Box Genes Reveals Their Functions in Cold Stress Responses and Flower Development in Tea Plant ().

MADS-box genes comprise a large family of transcription factors that play crucial roles in all aspects of plant growth and development. However, no detailed information on the evolutionary relationship and functional characterization of MADS-box genes is currently available for some representative lineages, such as the Camellia plant. In this study, 136 MADS-box genes were detected from a reference genome of the tea plant () by employing a 569 bp HMM (Hidden Markov Model) developed using nucleotide sequencing including 73 type I and 63 type II genes.

Baseline Analysis of Endophytic Fungal Associates of Buren from Mounds across Five Counties of Guangdong Province, China.

Red imported fire ants mounds have been suggested as a potential reservoir for beneficial entomopathogenic fungal species that are vital for more complex roles in the ecosystem aside from infecting the insects. In the current study, the assemblage of fungal symbionts of the red imported fire ants (RIFA) were obtained across five cities in Guangdong Province, China. The sampling areas were selected because of high occurrence of fire ants mounds in the regions.

Virulence of entomopathogenic fungi against fall armyworm, (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under laboratory conditions.

Maize is an essential crop of China. The recent invasion of , also known as fall armyworm (FAW), poses a danger to the country's ability to maintain a sustainable level of productivity from this core crop. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) MA, CTD-28 and CTD-2, sp.

Sublethal and transgenerational effects of synthetic insecticides on the biological parameters and functional response of (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) under laboratory conditions.

Synthetic insecticides have been an inevitable part of plant protection throughout the world. Sublethal effects of these chemicals on beneficial insect species are one of the contemporary issues these days. Using the age-stage, two-sex life table model, this study evaluated the sublethal and transgenerational effects of six synthetic insecticides (imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, lambda-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos and profenofos) commonly applied to winter vegetables, on the fitness and predation of the seven-spotted ladybeetle, , which is an efficient predator of aphids worldwide.

First Record of as an Entomopathogenic Fungus against Asian Citrus Psyllid, Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae).

The Asian citrus psyllid Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae) is the most widespread and devastating pest species in citrus orchards and is the natural vector of the phloem-limited bacterium that causes Huanglongbing (HLB) disease. Thus, reducing the population of is an important means to prevent the spread of HLB disease. Due to the long-term use of chemical control, biological control has become the most promising strategy.

Biotic Potential Induced by Different Host Plants in the Fall Armyworm, (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

Fall armyworm, (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a polyphagous insect pest of many important crops.

Lethal, Sub-Lethal and Trans-Generational Effects of Chlorantraniliprole on Biological Parameters, Demographic Traits, and Fitness Costs of (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

Fall armyworm [ (J. E. Smith, 1797)] was first reported in the Americas, then spread to all the continents of the world.

Plant responses to drought stress: microRNAs in action.

Drought is common in most regions of the world, and it has a significant impact on plant growth and development. Plants, on the other hand, have evolved their own defense systems to deal with the extreme weather. The reprogramming of gene expression by microRNAs (miRNAs) is one of these defense mechanisms.

RNAi-Mediated Silencing of Putative Halloween Gene Phantom Affects the Performance of Rice Striped Stem Borer, .

The physiological and biochemical characterization of the "Halloween" genes has fundamental importance in the biosynthesis pathway of ecdysteroids. These genes were found to catalyze the final phases of ecdysteroid biosynthesis from dietary cholesterol to the molting hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone. We report the characterization of the in a major insect pest in agriculture, the rice striped stem borer, ().

Bioassays of Isolates against the Fall Armyworm, .

The control of , the key invasive pest of maize, is a serious concern due to its biology and the current global restriction on applying synthetic pesticides. Entomopathogenic fungi are considered to be a potential biological control strategy. The pathogenicity of 12 isolates of in the immature stages and feeding efficacy of were evaluated.

Heterologous expression of cry3Bb1 and cry3 genes for enhanced resistance against insect pests in cotton.

Transgenic technology played a crucial role in developing insect-resistant plants resulting in the reduced application of pesticides. This article reports the expression of two cry proteins (Cry3Bb1 and Cry3) in cotton for enhanced resistance against chewing insect pests. The aforementioned genes were synthetically developed and were cloned under appropriate regulatory sequences followed by transformation into Eagle-2 genotype (Gossypium hirsutum) of cotton through shoot apex-cut Agro-infiltration.

Role of plant microRNAs and their corresponding pathways in fluctuating light conditions.

In recent years, it has been established that microRNAs (miRNAs) are critical for various plant physiological regulations in numerous species. Next-generation sequencing technologies have aided to our understandings related to the critical role of miRNAs during environmental stress conditions and plant development. Light influences not just miRNA accumulation but also their biological activities via regulating miRNA gene transcription, biosynthesis, and RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) activity.

Laboratory efficacy of selected synthetic insecticides against second instar invasive fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae.

Maize is the most essential crop of China and its productivity has been recently endangered by the fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda. Chemical pesticides are one of the most important strategies for managing FAW on a short-term basis. The seven synthetic insecticides including novel and conventional belong to four chemical group, spinetoram and spinosad (spinosyns), lambda-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin and bifenthrin (pyrethroids), abamectin (avermectins), broflinilide (diamides), were assessed for their efficiency in causing mortality to second instar S.

Effectiveness of Entomopathogenic Fungi on Immature Stages and Feeding Performance of Fall Armyworm, (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae.

Maize is a major staple crop in China, and the sustainable productivity of this primary crop has been recently threatened by fall armyworm (FAW), , invasion. The five fungal isolates, sp. BM-3 and SE-2-1, SE-10, CTD-24, and ZK-5 were assessed for their efficacy in causing mortality against first to sixth instar eggs and neonate larvae seven days post-treatment, and their effects on the feeding performance of sixth instar larvae at 48 h post-treatment at three concentrations (1 × 10, 1 × 10, and 1 × 10 conidia mL) were also assessed.

Effectiveness of Different Soft Acaricides against Honey Bee Ectoparasitic Mite (Acari: Varroidae).

Honey bees () are essential for their products-honey, royal jelly, pollen, propolis and beeswax. They are also indispensable because they support ecosystems with their pollination services. However, the production and functions of honey bees are hindered by the arthropod pest , which attacks bees through its feeding activities.

Tyrosine hydroxylase is crucial for pupal pigmentation in Zeugodacus tau (Walker) (Diptera: Tephritidae).

Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is the initial enzyme responsible for cuticle sclerotization and pigmentation in many insect species, but to date, no direct functional studies have focused on TH in Zeugodacus tau. Here, the 3336-bp full-length cDNA of TH was isolated from Z. tau, a notorious horticultural pest infesting fruits and vegetables.

Bemisia tabaci-mediated facilitation in diversity of begomoviruses: Evidence from recent molecular studies.

Begomoviruses are considered as one of the most notorious plant viruses worldwide, which cause substantial economic losses to various field crops. Management of begomoviruses has become a challenge due to the continuous evolution and the emergence of new strains. Bemisia tabaci is globally known to be the key vector of begomoviruses, having relatively high reproductivity, fast dispersal ability, high survival rate due to its polyphagous nature and high resistance to various groups of insecticides.

Molecular identification of cultivable bacteria in the gut of adult Bactrocera tau (Walker) and their trapping effect.

Background: It has been shown that some bacteria can attract their hosts. Our research aimed to identify cultivable bacterial isolates in the guts of sexually mature adult female and male Bactrocera tau and to evaluate their utility in trapping of B. tau.

Susceptibilities of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus-infected and noninfected Diaphorina citri to entomopathogenic fungi and their detoxification enzyme activities under different temperatures.

Some entomopathogenic fungi species, Isaria fumosorosea, and Hirsutella citriformis were found to be efficient against the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae). However, the susceptibility to these fungi increases when the psyllid infected with Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las), which is transmitted by D. citri and causes citrus greening disease.

Comparison of γδ T cell responses and farnesyl diphosphate synthase inhibition in tumor cells pretreated with zoledronic acid.

Exposing human tumor cells to nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates, such as zoledronic acid (Zol), greatly increases their susceptibility to killing by γδ T cells. Based on this finding and other studies, cancer immunotherapy using γδ T cells and nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates has been studied in pilot clinical trials and has shown benefits. Although Zol treatment can render a wide variety of human tumor cells susceptible to γδ T cell killing, there has not been a systematic investigation to determine which types of tumor cells are the most susceptible to γδ T cell-mediated cytotoxicity.