Evolocumab Added to Statin Is Associated With Intracranial Atherosclerotic Plaque Regression Compared With Statin Alone.

Background: We aimed to investigate the effects of evolocumab, a proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type-9 inhibitor for intensive lipid-lowering, on intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis.

Methods: From a prospectively established high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging database, consecutive patients with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (≥50%) with 2 detections of high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging over 6 months were included in this retrospective analysis. Eligible patients were grouped by treatment: evolocumab add-on (evolocumab) versus no evolocumab (evolocumab).

Association between e-cigarette use and COVID-19 diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The impact of e-cigarettes on COVID-19 remains unclear. This study aims to assess the relationship between e-cigarette use and COVID-19 diagnosis and other related outcomes.

Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis searched studies from 2019 to April 2nd, 2024, in Medline (via OVID), EMBASE, Scopus and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for eligible observational studies.

Luteolin targets peroxiredoxin 2 to augment T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity and suppress lung adenocarcinoma progression.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), as a prevalent and life-threatening malignancy, poses a significant global health burden, particularly impacting patients and their families profoundly. Peroxiredoxin-2 (PRDX2) exhibits high expression levels in LUAD tissues. However, the identification of efficient and low-toxicity small-molecule inhibitors targeting PRDX2 from traditional Chinese medicine remains a challenging task.

[The research on the mechanism of GBP2 promoting the progression of silicosis by inducing macrophage polarization and epithelial cell transformation].

Objective This study aims to investigate the expression, phenotypic changes, and mechanisms of action of guanylate-binding protein 2 (GBP2) in the process of silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Methods The expression and localization of GBP2 in silicotic lung tissue were detected by immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence. An in vitro cell model was constructed, and methods such as Western blot and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerasechain reaction were utilized to investigate the function of GBP2 in different cell lines following silica stimulation.

E-Cigarette Narratives of User-Generated Posts on Xiaohongshu in China: Content Analysis.

Background: Social media platforms have become influential spaces for disseminating information about electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes). Concerns persist about the spread of misleading content, particularly among social media vulnerable groups. Xiaohongshu (RedNote), widely used by Chinese youth, plays a growing role in shaping e-cigarette perceptions.

Second hand smoke attributable disease burden in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: We aimed to estimate the changes in, second hand smoke (SHS) and potential drivers of its health outcome from 1990 to 2021 worldwide.

Methods: The data was derived from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021, which covered 204 countries and territories. We reported SHS changes by sex, year and sociodemographic index (SDI) level (a summary measure that identifies where countries or other geographic areas sit on the spectrum of development) from 1990 to 2021.

FUBP3 enhances HIV-1 transcriptional activity and regulates immune response pathways in T cells.

Far-upstream element-binding protein 3 (FUBP3) was identified at actively transcribing HIV promoters through chromatin affinity purification and mass spectrometry. Known for regulating cellular processes such as transcription and translation by binding to DNAs and RNAs, FUBP3's role in HIV transcriptional regulation was previously unrecognized. This study reveals that FUBP3 enhances HIV-1 transcriptional activation by interacting with Tat and -activation response ()-RNA, critical for boosting viral transcription through recruitment of activating factors that promote RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) elongation.

Targeting PRDX2 to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer: the role of FN1 and the PI3K/AKT/SP1 pathway.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by high invasiveness, high potential for metastasis, easy recurrence, and poor prognosis. There is an urgent need to develop new clinical treatments.

Methods: This study utilized TNBC tissue microarrays to detect Peroxiredoxin 2 (PRDX2) expression levels and analyzed the correlation between PRDX2 and tumor invasion as well as invasion-related gene expression through the TCGA database.

Prevalence and Socioeconomic Disparities of Cigar Use in China: Findings from the China Health Literacy Survey with a Focus on the 'Knowledgeable but Economically Marginalized' (KEM) Population.

: Cigar smoking poses significant public health challenges due to its rising prevalence and associated health risks. However, research on cigar use in China remains limited. This study investigates the prevalence, demographic characteristics, and key factors associated with cigar use among Chinese adults.

Estimating the association between cigarette and e-cigarette use patterns and SARS-CoV-2 negative conversion time: retrospective online survey in China.

Background: Cigarette smoking has been reported to be associated with SARS-CoV-2 negative conversion, while little is known about the effect of its dual use with e-cigarettes. This study aimed to investigate whether tobacco product use patterns including e-cigarette use were linked with delayed negative conversion of SARS-CoV-2.

Methods: An online national survey was conducted from January 28 through February 21, 2023, targeting a community-based population in mainland of China after peak waves of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

PRDX2 induces tumor immune evasion by modulating the HDAC3-Galectin-9 axis in lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Background: PRDX2 is significantly expressed in various cancers and is associated with the proliferation of tumor cells. Nonetheless, the precise mechanism of PRDX2 in tumor immunity remains incompletely understood. This study aims to investigate the impact of PRDX2, which is highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma, on T cells in the tumor immune microenvironment, and its immune action target to promote the immune escape of lung cancer cells, to provide a theoretical basis for lung adenocarcinoma treatment with PRDX2 as the target.

Tackling the Activity Trend of Metal-Loaded Metal Nitride Catalysts for NH Synthesis by a First-Principles Microkinetic Study.

Ammonia (NH) is one of the most widely produced chemicals globally, primarily synthesized through the Haber-Bosch process, which requires high temperatures and pressures. Dual-site catalysts can activate N and H at spatially separated sites, enabling efficient NH synthesis under milder conditions. Despite the rapid experimental progress of the dual-site catalysts (e.

Efficacy of the cigarette-burning application combined with medication intervention for smoking cessation in China: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Although smartphone application for smoking cessation was considered a promising strategy, there were scarce studies on the combination of usual interventions and apps for smoking cessation in China. Our study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the Cigarette-Burning application combined with medication intervention for smoking cessation.

Methods: A parallel, open-label randomized clinical trial was conducted with a ratio of 1:1 allocation into the bupropion plus app group and bupropion group.

Artesunate-binding FABP5 promotes apoptosis in lung cancer cells via the PPARγ-SCD pathway.

Artesunate holds excellent promise for lung cancer treatment, but its target is still unclear. We used molecular docking techniques to predict artesunate and Fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) binding sites. Cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) verified that artesunate treatment could promote the stability of the FABP5 protein.

Multivariate growth analysis on D0-phase MnGa kagome-based topological antiferromagnets.

The combination of antiferromagnetism and topological properties in MnX (X = Sn,Ge,Ga) offers a unique platform to explore novel spin-dependent phenomena and develop innovative spintronic devices. Here, we have systematically investigated the phase transition of MnGa thin films on SiO(001)/Si substrates under various growth parameters such as seeding layer structure, annealing conditions, and film thickness. The relatively thick MnGa films grown with Ru seeding exhibit a variety of polycrystalline hexagonal phases, including (002), and (201).

Effect of Inspiratory Muscle Training on Outcomes After Cardiac Surgery: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Purpose: Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has emerged as a potential intervention to improve respiratory outcomes for patients undergoing cardiac surgery. However, the extent of the IMT effects on preoperative and postoperative respiratory metrics remains uncertain. Hence, we designed this study to determine the effects of IMT on various outcomes of patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Real-World Treatment Adherence to Smoking Cessation Medications and Association with Treatment Outcome - 27 Centers, China, 2017-2022.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Medication non-adherence significantly impedes smoking cessation efforts. While effective smoking cessation medications are accessible in China, real-world adherence and its correlation with treatment outcomes remain largely unexplored.

What Is Added By This Report?: From December 2017 to January 2022, 1,120 participants were recruited from 27 centers in all seven geographical regions of China.

Real-world tobacco cessation practice in China: findings from the prospective, nationwide multicenter China National Tobacco Cessation Cohort Study (CNTCCS).

Background: Tobacco cessation is proven to be the most effective and cost-effective strategy for smokers to reduce their risk of smoking-related disease and premature death. Providing effective, efficient, safe, and patient-centred tobacco cessation treatment to reach those who need them is a significant challenge. To date, only a few nationwide studies in China have assessed the overall clinical care practice and treatment outcome of tobacco cessation.

Mobile Phone-Based Interventions for Smoking Cessation Among Young People: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Mobile phone-based cessation interventions have emerged as a promising alternative for smoking cessation, while evidence of the efficacy of mobile phone-based smoking cessation programs among young people is mixed.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the efficacy of mobile phone-based interventions compared to usual practice or assessment-only controls on smoking cessation in young people.

Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science on March 8, 2023.

Utilization and Effectiveness of a Message-Based Tobacco Cessation Program (mCessation) in the Chinese General Population: Longitudinal, Real-world Study.

Background: Randomized controlled trials on text message interventions for smoking cessation have shown they are effective and recommended for tobacco control. However, the effectiveness in real-world settings is largely unknown, especially in low- and middle-income countries.

Objective: This study aimed to provide real-world evidence about the utilization and effectiveness of a message-based tobacco cessation program (mCessation) in China.

Hybrid 1D/3D-Structured Perovskite as a Highly Selective and Stable Sensor for NO Detection at Room Temperature.

To exploit high-performance and stable sensing materials with a room working temperature is pivotal for portable and mobile sensor devices. However, the common sensors based on metal oxide semiconductors usually need a higher working temperature (usually above 300 °C) to achieve a good response toward gas detection. Currently, metal halide perovskites have begun to rise as a promising candidate for gas monitoring at room temperature but suffer phase instability.