The "WEIRDEST" Organizations in the World? Assessing the Lack of Sample Diversity in Organizational Research.

Sampling data from organizations and humans associated with those organizations is essential to organizational research. Much of what we know about organizations is based on such work. However, this empirical foundation may be compromised, calling into question the field's theoretical and empirical findings.

Componential modeling of argumentative essay writing from multiple online sources: a Bayesian network approach.

Introduction: Writing argumentative essays using multiple sources is a critical skill for college students, yet it remains a significant challenge. Despite previous research acknowledging this difficulty, the specific dynamics of the argumentative essay writing process and where breakdowns occur remain unclear.

Methods: College students wrote argumentative essays on a controversial topic after reading multiple documents.

Long-Term Outcomes in a Parkinson's Disease Minor Phenomena Cohort.

Background: Minor phenomena, including illusions, feeling of presence, and passage hallucinations, are common in Parkinson's disease (PD) and may be a risk factor for the development of psychosis (hallucinations and delusions).

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the 3-year cumulative probability of developing psychosis among individuals with PD minor phenomena.

Methods: We conducted a 3-year, prospective, observational study of individuals with PD minor phenomena with biannual study visits.

Routine Hearing Screening for Older Adults in Primary Care: Insights of Patients and Clinic Personnel.

Background And Objectives: Hearing loss frequently goes undiagnosed and untreated, with serious sequelae. Hearing screening facilitates diagnosis and treatment but is not routinely conducted in primary care. This study addresses the attitudes and insights of patients and primary care clinic personnel relative to the routinization of hearing screening in primary care for older adults.

Emergent symmetry in TbTerevealed by ultrafast reflectivity under anisotropic strain.

We report ultrafast reflectivity measurements of the dynamics of the order parameter of the charge density wave (CDW) in TbTeunder anisotropic strain. We observe an increase in the frequency of the amplitude mode with increasing tensile strain along the-axis (which drives the lattice into > , withandthe lattice constants), and similar behavior for tensile strain along( > ). This suggests that both strains stabilize the corresponding CDW order and further support the near equivalence of the CDW phases oriented in- and-axis, in spite of the orthorhombic space group.

Anomalous Superfluid Density in a Disordered Charge-Density-Wave Material: Pd-Intercalated ErTe_{3}.

We image local superfluid density in single crystals of Pd-intercalated ErTe_{3} below the superconducting critical temperature T_{c}, well below the onset temperature T_{CDW} of (disordered) charge-density-wave order. We find no detectable inhomogeneities on micron scales. We observe a rapid increase of the superfluid density below T_{c}, deviating from the behavior expected in a conventional Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer superconductor, and show that the temperature dependence is qualitatively consistent with a combination of quantum and thermal phase fluctuations.

Emergent tetragonality in a fundamentally orthorhombic material.

Symmetry plays a key role in determining the physical properties of materials. By Neumann's principle, the properties of a material remain invariant under the symmetry operations of the space group to which the material belongs. Continuous phase transitions are associated with a spontaneous reduction in symmetry.

Becoming aWARE: The Development of a Web-Based Tool for Autism Research and the Environment.

A sharp rise in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) prevalence estimates, beginning in the 1990s, suggested factors additional to genetics were at play. This stimulated increased research investment in nongenetic factors, including the study of environmental chemical exposures, diet, nutrition, lifestyle, social factors, and maternal medical conditions. Consequently, both peer- and non-peer-reviewed bodies of evidence investigating environmental contributors to ASD etiology have grown significantly.

A Pragmatic Clinical Trial of Hearing Screening in Primary Care Clinics: Effect of Setting and Provider Encouragement.

Objectives: The prevalence of hearing loss increases with age. Untreated hearing loss is associated with poorer communication abilities and negative health consequences, such as increased risk of dementia, increased odds of falling, and depression. Nonetheless, evidence is insufficient to support the benefits of universal hearing screening in asymptomatic older adults.

A Design Approach to Optimise Secure Remote Three-Dimensional (3D) Printing: A Proof-of-Concept Study towards Advancement in Telemedicine.

Telemedicine is defined as the delivery of healthcare services at a distance using electronic means. The incorporation of 3D printing in the telemedicine cycle could result in pharmacists designing and manufacturing personalised medicines based on the electronic prescription received. Even with the advantages of telemedicine, numerous barriers to the uptake hinder the wider uptake.

A Systematic Review on the Association Between Vestibular Dysfunction and Balance Performance in Children With Hearing Loss.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to understand the functional impact of vestibular dysfunction on balance control in children with hearing loss. The vestibular system is an important contributor to maintaining balance. In adults, vestibular dysfunction is known to lead to unsteadiness and falls.

A school-based health and mindfulness curriculum improves children's objectively measured sleep: a prospective observational cohort study.

Study Objectives: Poor sleep impedes children's cognitive, emotional, and psychosocial development. Pediatric sleep dysregulation is common, and children who live in communities of low socioeconomic status experience additional risk factors for short sleep duration and poor sleep quality. School-based training in mindfulness and yoga-informed practices can improve children's behavior and well-being, but effects on objectively measured sleep are unknown.

Towards Standardized Acquisition with a Dual-probe Ultrasound Robot for Fetal Imaging.

Standardized acquisitions and diagnoses using robots and AI would potentially increase the general usability and reliability of medical ultrasound. Working towards this prospect, this paper presents the recent developments of a standardized acquisition workflow using a novel dual-probe ultrasound robot, for a project known as intelligent Fetal Imaging and Diagnosis (iFIND). The workflow includes an abdominal surface mapping step to obtain a non-parametric spline surface, a rule-based end-point calculation method to position each individual joint, and a motor synchronization method to achieve a smooth motion towards a target point.

Vestibular Dysfunction and Gross Motor Milestone Acquisition in Children With Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review.

Objective: To describe the impact of vestibular dysfunction on gross motor development in children with hearing loss.

Data Sources: MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase (Elsevier), Web of Science (Clarivate), and the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (EBSCO).

Review Methods: A systematic review was reported in concordance with the PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses).

Association between Hyperbilirubinemia and Hearing Screen Failure in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Infants Born Preterm.

Objective: To characterize the association between hyperbilirubinemia and a failed newborn hearing screen in infants born at 22-32 weeks of gestation.

Study Design: We included infants with gestational ages of 22-32 weeks who were discharged from neonatal intensive care units in the US from 2002 to 2017 with available newborn hearing screen results obtained after 34 weeks postmenstrual age. We excluded infants with severe birth asphyxia or craniofacial abnormalities.

Known Target and Nontarget Effects of the Novel Neonicotinoid Cycloxaprid to Arthropods: A Systematic Review.

Neonicotinoids are the most widely used insecticide class worldwide, and unfortunately, the widely used neonicotinoid imidacloprid is problematic for pollinators and other nontarget organisms. These nontarget impacts and the development of resistance prompt the ongoing development and testing of new neonicotinoids. The novel neonicotinoid cycloxaprid was described in 2011 and registered in China in 2015.

Light-Induced Currents at Domain Walls in Multiferroic BiFeO.

Multiferroic BiFeO (BFO) films with spontaneously formed periodic stripe domains can generate above-gap open circuit voltages under visible light illumination; nevertheless the underlying mechanism behind this intriguing optoelectronic response has not been understood to date. Here, we make contact-free measurements of light-induced currents in epitaxial BFO films via detecting terahertz radiation emanated by these currents, enabling a direct probe of the intrinsic charge separation mechanisms along with quantitative measurements of the current amplitudes and their directions. In the periodic stripe samples, we find that the net photocurrent is dominated by the charge separation across the domain walls, whereas in the monodomain samples the photovoltaic response arises from a bulk shift current associated with the non-centrosymmetry of the crystal.

Analysis of a Customized Clutch Joint Designed for the Safety Management of an Ultrasound Robot.

Robotic systems have great potential to assist ultrasound (US) examination. Currently, the safety management method to limit the force that a US robot can apply mostly relies on force sensing and software-based algorithms. This causes the concern that the potential failure of sensors, electrical systems, or software could lead to patient injuries.

Design and Implementation of a Bespoke Robotic Manipulator for Extra-corporeal Ultrasound.

With the potential for high precision, dexterity, and repeatability, a self-tracked robotic system can be employed to assist the acquisition of real-time ultrasound. However, limited numbers of robots designed for extra-corporeal ultrasound have been successfully translated into clinical use. In this study, we aim to build a bespoke robotic manipulator for extra-corporeal ultrasound examination, which is lightweight and has a small footprint.

Robotic-Assisted Ultrasound for Fetal Imaging: Evolution from Single-Arm to Dual-Arm System.

The development of robotic-assisted extracorporeal ultrasound systems has a long history and a number of projects have been proposed since the 1990s focusing on different technical aspects. These aim to resolve the deficiencies of on-site manual manipulation of hand-held ultrasound probes. This paper presents the recent ongoing developments of a series of bespoke robotic systems, including both single-arm and dual-arm versions, for a project known as intelligent Fetal Imaging and Diagnosis (iFIND).

A comparative evaluation of ProSeal laryngeal mask airway, I-gel and Supreme laryngeal mask airway in adult patients undergoing elective surgery: A randomised trial.

Background And Aims: Second-generation supraglottic airway devices are widely used in current anaesthesia practice. This randomised study was undertaken to evaluate and compare laryngeal mask airway: ProSeal laryngeal mask airway (PLMA), Supreme laryngeal mask airway (SLMA) and I-gel.

Methods: Eighty-four adult patients undergoing elective surgery were randomly allocated to three groups: group (PLMA), group I (I-gel) and group S (SLMA) of 28 patients each.

Chronic Phenotype Characterization of a Large-Animal Model of Hereditary Tyrosinemia Type 1.

Hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 (HT1) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by deficiency in fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase, the last enzyme in the tyrosine catabolic pathway. In this study, we investigated whether fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase deficient (FAH) pigs, a novel large-animal model of HT1, develop fibrosis and cirrhosis characteristic of the human disease. FAH pigs were treated with the protective drug 2-(2-nitro-4-trifluoromethylbenzoyl)-1, 3 cyclohexandione (NTBC) at a dose of 1 mg/kg per day initially after birth.