Association of work-family conflict with turnover intention among hospital ophthalmologists in Japan: a cross-sectional study.

Purpose: To examine the associations between work-family conflict, implicit gender bias, and turnover intention among hospital ophthalmologists.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: We conducted a web-based questionnaire survey between January and February 2024.

Timing of surgery and outcomes in patients with congenital pulmonary airway malformation: a national inpatient database study.

Purpose: The timing of elective surgery for asymptomatic congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) at birth remains controversial. We aimed to describe characteristics and outcomes of patients who underwent surgery for CPAM.

Methods: We retrospectively identified patients aged < 18 years who were hospitalized for CPAM during the neonatal period and underwent surgery between July 2010 and March 2022 using the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database in Japan.

Computational Fluid Dynamics of the Flow of the Deformable Toroidal Embolic Agents Within Straight and Stenotic Pipes by Full Eulerian FSI Method.

The effect of shape and size of embolic agents on embolization phenomena has been discussed clinically for transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). We numerically discussed the unique embolization behavior of new deformable toroidal microparticles in blood vessels by computational fluid dynamics simulations. We employed an Eulerian-Eulerian (full Eulerian) fluid-structure interaction (FSI) method to analyze the flow and deformation behaviors of a deformable torus in a cylindrical pipe.

A Longitudinal Case Study of Renal Cyst Progression and Regression in Trisomy 13.

Trisomy 13 is a chromosomal disorder frequently associated with congenital anomalies, including polycystic kidney disease (PKD). Although the link between trisomy 13 and PKD is recognized, the timing and progression of renal cyst development remain unclear. We report a male neonate with trisomy 13 in whom we performed serial renal ultrasounds, enabling real-time monitoring of PKD progression.

Use of blue fluorescent protein Electra2 for live-cell imaging in .

Because of its good spectral separation from green (GFP) and red (RFP) fluorescent proteins, blue fluorescent protein (BFP) is essential for multicolor live cell imaging. However, the commonly used bright mTagBFP2 strongly perturbs the cellular localization of Lifeact, an F-actin marker. As an alternative, we tested the expression of Electra2 in .

Brazilian version of the Brief Screener for Substance and Behavioral Addiction.

Introduction: Excessive and compulsive behaviors, including substance and behavioral addictions, represent a growing global concern. In Brazil, the increasing prevalence of these behaviors underscores the need for effective screening tools to identify individuals at risk. The Brief Screener for Substance and Behavioral Addiction (SSBA) has been recognized internationally for its utility in both clinical assessment and public health surveillance.

Clinical characteristics and in-hospital mortality of chronic myeloid leukemia patients with ischemic heart disease: insights from the JROAD-DPC registry.

Aims: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients are at high risk for developing cardiovascular (CV) diseases due to adverse effects of BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare patient characteristics and in-hospital mortality between CML patients and non-CML patients, who were hospitalized for ischemic heart disease (IHD).

Methods And Results: This study was based on the Japanese Registry of All Cardiac and Vascular Diseases and the Diagnosis Procedure Combination (JROAD-DPC) database.

Kinematic and Kinetic Effects of 10-Degree Coronal Wedge Floors on Lower Limb Joints During Static Standing: An Upright Multidetector-Row CT Study.

Background: Coronal wedge insoles are commonly prescribed to mitigate musculoskeletal disorders, yet their static-standing kinematic and kinetic effects on lower extremity joints remain insufficiently understood.

Methods: This cross-sectional experimental study included 15 healthy older adults (mean 64.9 ± 6.

The Comprehensive Complication Index in Postoperative Assessment After Head and Neck Reconstruction.

Background: Postoperative complications significantly impact outcomes in head and neck free-flap reconstruction. The comprehensive complication index (CCI) offers a continuous measure of complication burden but is rarely applied in head and neck surgery compared to the Clavien-Dindo Classification (CDC).

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 354 patients who underwent head and neck free-flap reconstruction.

Predictive validity of senior volunteer-led frailty check-up results for disability and mortality among community-dwelling older adults: a cohort study.

A frailty checkup program (FC), a community-based frailty prevention initiative led by trained senior volunteers (FC supporters), has been implemented in over 100 municipalities in Japan. Participants create individual result sheets by marking blue signals for positive responses and red signals for negative responses. This cohort study aimed to examine the association between FC results and the risk of incident disability and mortality among community-dwelling older adults.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus type 1 and type 2 co-infection in a Japanese swine herd.

The status of co-infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus type 1 (PRRSV-1) and type 2 (PRRSV-2) in Japan is poorly understood. A case of such co-infection was identified on a PRRSV-1 non-vaccinated farm in Kagoshima prefecture. Both PRRSV-1 and PRRSV-2 genomes were simultaneously detected in pig samples by RT-PCR, and molecular analysis confirmed PRRSV-1/PRRSV-2 co-infection in individual piglets.

Genetic Code Expansion-Driven in Situ Click Labeling Enables Rapid Imaging-Based Selection of Functional Nanobody-Dye Conjugates.

Antigen-binding proteins, such as nanobodies, modified with functional small molecules hold great potential for applications including imaging probes, drug conjugates, and localized catalysts. However, traditional chemical labeling methods that randomly target lysine or cysteine residues often produce heterogeneous conjugates with limited reproducibility. Conventional site-specific conjugation approaches, which typically modify only the N- or C-terminus, may also be insufficient to achieve the desired functionalities.

Validity of a self-administered food frequency questionnaire for assessing carotenoid intakes using serum biomarkers in Japan: the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project.

Background: More research is needed to clarify the health effects of dietary carotenoid intakes, and this requires the use of high-quality assessments of habitual dietary intake. Cohort studies from the Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization included a self-administered food frequency questionnaire (TMM-FFQ) for community-dwelling adults. This study evaluated the validity of carotenoid intakes derived from the TMM-FFQ using serum carotenoid concentrations as the gold standard.

Secular trends in the prevalence of small vulnerable newborns in Japan, 1997-2021.

BackgroundIn 2023, a collaborative UNICEF-WHO group introduced the concept of small vulnerable newborns (SVNs) to improve the identification of newborns at increased risk of adverse outcomes and to guide more effective preventive strategies. However, global data on the prevalence of SVNs remains scarce. This study aimed to examine secular trends in the prevalence of SVNs and their three subgroups, namely term small for gestational age (SGA), preterm SGA, and preterm non-SGA, in the Japanese population.

Risk Factors for Incidental Durotomy in Initial Posterior Decompression Surgery for Lumbar Central Canal Stenosis with Bilateral Neurogenic Claudication.

Objective: To identify significant risk factors for incidental durotomy (ID) in initial posterior decompression surgery for lumbar central canal stenosis and to explore whether these risks vary by surgical approach through subgroup analyses.

Methods: This study included patients who underwent single-level posterior decompression surgery for lumbar central canal stenosis with bilateral neurogenic claudication at eight hospitals between April 2017 and May 2023. Patient demographics, comorbidities, and surgical details, including surgeon certification status, were collected.

Epidemiology and risk factors of hallux valgus in Japanese population: HAPPI study.

Introduction: Hallux valgus (HV) is a common foot deformity characterized by lateral deviation of the great toe. Despite known associations with gender, age, and footwear, the prevalence of HV and its associated risk factors in Japan remain unclear. We conducted the first-ever prospective population-based cohort study (HAPPI study) in Japan to elucidate the prevalence of HV and identify its associated risk factors.

Adductome-based identification of lysine mono-methylation as a key post-translational protein modification in autoimmune diseases.

Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of proteins are efficient biological mechanisms for expanding the genetic code and for regulating cellular physiology. However, there have been no systematic approaches to profile all the PTMs critical for autoreactive neoantigen production or the etiology and pathology of autoimmune diseases. In the present study, to gain insight into protein PTMs associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), we applied a mass spectrometry-based method for the comprehensive analysis of modified amino acids ("adductome").

Unveiling the biological methylation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol and the formation of 2,4,6-trichloroanisole in a municipal wastewater treatment plant.

Odor problems in treated municipal wastewater are a concern, yet the sources and formation dynamics of these compounds within sewerage systems remain unclear. 2,4,6-trichloroanisole (2,4,6-TCA) is a key odorant in the effluents of municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). This study investigates the formation of 2,4,6-TCA through the conversion of its precursor, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP).

Self-Regulating Hydrogel Actuators.

Self-regulating hydrogels represent the next generation in the development of soft materials with active, adaptive, autonomous, and intelligent behavior inspired by sophisticated biological systems. Nature provides exemplary demonstrations of such self-regulating behaviors, including muscle tissue's precise biochemical and mechanical feedback mechanisms, and coordinated cellular chemotaxis driven by dynamic biochemical signaling. Building upon these natural examples, self-regulating hydrogels are capable of spontaneously modulating their structural and functional states through integrated negative feedback loops.

Tactile force sensor based on a modified acoustic reflection principle for intraoperative tumor localization in minimally invasive surgery.

Purpose: Localization of abdominal tissue, such as tumors, in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is crucial but challenging due to the lack of tactile sensation. This study aims to develop a tactile force sensor that provides tactile sensation for surgeons, enabling accurate tumor localization while ensuring surgical safety.

Methods: This study proposes an acoustic reflection-based tactile force sensor, with preliminary theoretical analyses and fundamental experiments performed to assess its response to applied forces.