Interpreting reliable change on the Spanish-language NIH toolbox cognition battery.

This study applied a reliable change methodology to the test-retest data from the Spanish-language NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery (NIHTB-CB) normative sample. Participants included Spanish-speaking adults ( = 48; 54.2% women, 100% Latinx) evaluated twice within one to two weeks on the Spanish-language NIHTB-CB, consisting of two crystallized and five fluid cognitive tests.

Development of a Machine-Learning-Based Classifier for the Identification of Head and Body Impacts in Elite Level Australian Rules Football Players.

Exposure to thousands of head and body impacts during a career in contact and collision sports may contribute to current or later life issues related to brain health. Wearable technology enables the measurement of impact exposure. The validation of impact detection is required for accurate exposure monitoring.

Serotonergic Antidepressants and Risk for Traumatic Intracranial Bleeding.

Serotonergic antidepressants may predispose to bleeding but the effect on traumatic intracranial bleeding is unknown. The rate of intracranial bleeding in patients with antidepressant medication was compared to patients not antidepressants in a cohort of patients with acute head injury. This association was examined by using a consecutive cohort of head trauma patients from a Finnish tertiary center emergency department (Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland).

Test-Retest Reliability and Reliable Change Estimates for Four Mobile Cognitive Tests Administered Virtually in Community-Dwelling Adults.

: Remote mobile cognitive testing (MCT) is an expanding area of research, but psychometric data supporting these measures are limited. We provide preliminary data on test-retest reliability and reliable change estimates in four MCTs from SWAY Medical, Inc. Fifty-five adults from the U.

Unexpected symptoms after concussion: Potential links to functional neurological and somatic symptom disorders.

Objective: Reporting of unexpected symptoms after concussion might, in some people, reflect a Functional Neurological Disorder (FND), Somatic Symptom Disorder (SSD), or exaggeration (feigning). This study aimed to determine whether reporting unexpected symptoms after concussion was associated with risk factors for FND/SSD, exaggeration, or both.

Method: Adults with persistent symptoms following concussion (N = 77; 61% women) rated the presence and severity of unexpected neurological symptoms (from the Screening for Somatoform Symptoms scale, e.

Predictors and Correlates of Perceived Cognitive Decline in Retired Professional Rugby League Players.

Rugby league is an international full-contact sport, with frequent concussive injuries. Participation in other full-contact sports such as American football has been considered to be a risk factor for neuropsychiatric sequelae later-in-life, but little research has addressed the mental and cognitive health of retired professional rugby league players. We examined predictors and correlates of perceived (self-reported) cognitive decline in retired National Rugby League (NRL) players.

Trajectories of Persistent Postconcussion Symptoms and Factors Associated With Symptom Reporting After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Objective: To examine the trajectories of persistent postconcussion symptoms (PPCS) after mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) and to investigate which injury-related and personal factors are associated with symptom reporting.

Design: Prospective longitudinal cohort study. Follow-up at 3 and 12 months postinjury.

Examining associations between concussion history, subjectively experienced memory problems, and general health factors in older men.

Objective: Examine associations between subjective memory complaints (SMCs), concussion history, and cognitive, psychological, and physical health in older men from the general population.

Method: Participants were 504 men aged 50-79 who were recruited using an online labor market. Participants completed a survey assessing demographics, medication history, concussion history, recent memory problems, and additional aspects of recent cognitive, mental, and physical health.

Age of First Exposure to Contact and Collision Sports and Later in Life Brain Health: A Narrative Review.

A controversial theory proposes that playing tackle football before the age of 12 causes later in life brain health problems. This theory arose from a small study of 42 retired National Football League (NFL) players, which reported that those who started playing tackle football at a younger age performed worse on selected neuropsychological tests and a word reading test. The authors concluded that these differences were likely due to greater exposure to repetitive neurotrauma during a developmentally sensitive maturational period in their lives.

Improving the Methodology for Identifying Mild Cognitive Impairment in Intellectually High-Functioning Adults Using the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery.

Low scores on neuropsychological tests are considered objective evidence of mild cognitive impairment. In clinical practice and research, it can be challenging to identify a cognitive deficit or mild cognitive impairment in high-functioning people because they are much less likely to obtain low test scores. This study was designed to improve the methodology for identifying mild cognitive impairment in adults who have above average or superior intellectual abilities.

Preexisting conditions in older adults with mild traumatic brain injuries.

Objective: This study examined the prevalence of preexisting conditions that could affect premorbid brain health, cognition, and functional independence among older adults with mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI), and the relationship between preexisting conditions, injury characteristics, and emergency department (ED) discharge location (home versus continued care).

Methods: Older adults ( = 1,427; 55-104 years-old; 47.4% men) who underwent head computed tomography (CT) after acute head trauma were recruited from the ED.

Video Analysis and Verification of Direct Head Impacts Recorded by Wearable Sensors in Junior Rugby League Players.

Background: Rugby league is a high-intensity collision sport that carries a risk of concussion. Youth athletes are considered to be more vulnerable and take longer to recover from concussion than adult athletes.

Purpose: To review head impact events in elite-level junior representative rugby league and to verify and describe characteristics of X-patch-recorded impacts via video analysis.

Incidence of Concussion and Time to Return-to-Play in the National Rugby League.

Objectives: To examine the rates of concussion and recovery time over the course of 2 seasons of the National Rugby League (NRL).

Design: Descriptive cohort study.

Setting: The NRL match play concussion injury surveillance system.

Normative Data for Adult Mandarin-Speaking Populations: A Systematic Review of Performance-Based Neuropsychological Instruments.

Objectives: Normative data are essential for neuropsychological evaluations, but they are scarce for Mandarin-speaking populations, despite Mandarin being the language with the most native speakers. Several normative data studies have been reported in recent years for Mandarin speakers, who reside in different countries/regions (e.g.

A Multivariate Interpretation of the Spanish-Language NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery: The Normal Frequency of Low Scores.

Objective: The current study involved the preparation of multivariate base rates for the Spanish-language NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery (NIHTB-CB) based on the U.S. normative sample, quantifying the normal frequency of low scores among healthy adults.

Sport Concussion Assessment Tool-5th Edition (SCAT5): Normative Reference Values for the National Rugby League Women's Premiership.

To establish normative reference values for the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool-5th Edition (SCAT5) for the new National Rugby League Women's Premiership. Preseason SCAT5 baseline testing was administered individually to all National Rugby League Women's Premiership players ( = 117). Testing was completed by the medical staff.

Age of First Exposure to Football Is Not Associated With Later-in-Life Cognitive or Mental Health Problems.

The purpose of this study was to determine if earlier age of first exposure to football is associated with worse brain health in middle-aged and older adult men who played high school football. Men from the United States, aged 35 and older, who reported playing high school football, completed a customized, online health survey via the Amazon Mechanical Turk (mTurk) platform. Survey items included physical, psychological, and cognitive symptoms over the past week and over the past year, sports participation history (including age of first exposure to football), medical history, and concussion history.

Sleep Insufficiency and Baseline Preseason Concussion-Like Symptom Reporting in Youth Athletes.

Objective: To examine the association between insufficient sleep and baseline symptom reporting in healthy student athletes.

Design: Cross-sectional cohort study.

Setting: Preseason testing for student athletes.

Examining the Research Criteria for Traumatic Encephalopathy Syndrome in Middle-Aged Men From the General Population Who Played Contact Sports in High School.

There are no validated or agreed upon diagnostic clinical criteria for chronic traumatic encephalopathy or traumatic encephalopathy syndrome. This study examines the leading research criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES) in middle-aged men in the general population. Participants were 409 men between the ages of 35 and 55 recruited through an online crowdsourcing platform.

Predictors and Correlates of Depression in Retired Elite Level Rugby League Players.

There is considerable interest in determining whether later-in-life depression is associated with lifetime history of concussions or the duration of a career in professional contact and collision sports. Rugby league is a high-intensity collision sport involving a large number of tackles per game and a high rate of concussions. We examined predictors and correlates of depression in retired elite level rugby league players in Australia.

Symptoms of traumatic encephalopathy syndrome are common in the US general population.

There are no validated criteria for diagnosing chronic traumatic encephalopathy, or traumatic encephalopathy syndrome, in a living person. The purpose of this study is to examine symptom reporting resembling the research criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome in men and women from the US general population. This is a retrospective analysis of publicly available data from a cross-sectional epidemiological study.