Effects of s-ketamine and midazolam on respiratory variability: A randomized controlled pilot trial.

S-ketamine and midazolam are frequently used to provide sedation while maintaining spontaneous respiration. However, the effects of these agents on respiratory variability, which reflects the adaptability of the respiratory system, have not been thoroughly explored. We evaluated these effects in a randomized controlled pilot trial.

How is wakeful rest operationalized and measured in daily life among adults with and without long-term conditions? A systematic scoping review.

A systematic scoping review was conducted to examine how rest is operationalized and measured in daily life among adults with and without long-term conditions. Searches were performed in PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Psych databases for studies from 1990 to 2024. Two independent reviewers screened and selected eligible studies, which included adults with and without long-term conditions.

Effectiveness of the FIBROWALK multicomponent therapy in online and outdoor formats for fibromyalgia: A randomized controlled trial (The On&Out study).

This study evaluated the effectiveness of FIBROWALK multicomponent intervention, delivered online (FIBRO-On) or outdoors (FIBRO-Out), compared to treatment as usual (TAU) in reducing fibromyalgia (FM) severity measured by FIQR, which assesses functional impairment, symptom intensity, and overall impact. A total of 225 individuals with FM were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of FIBRO-On (plus TAU), FIBRO-Out (plus TAU), or TAU alone. Assessments were conducted at baseline, mid-intervention (6 weeks), post-intervention (12 weeks), and 6-months (3 months post-intervention).

Impact of expression systems on the transcriptome of : insights for enhanced production of glutaminase PrgA.

The gram-positive bacterium is widely used for enzyme production, especially due to its superior protein secretion capacity. In this study, we have investigated how efficient transcriptome analysis can identify general and protein-specific secretion stress. For this, we constructed strains overproducing different commercially relevant proteins, including a GFP-specific camelid nanobody (GFPnb), the xylanase XynA and the protein glutaminase PrgA, and expressed these proteins either from the strong constitutive P promoter or from the xylose-inducible P promoter.

Spin-adapted spin-flip-down time-dependent density functional theory.

Molecular systems with orbital (near-)degeneracy at the Fermi level tend to adopt a high-spin ground state. In these systems, one often finds low-lying electronic excitations with a lower total spin that can be reached from the ground state by a spin-flip-down excitation. In this work, we present three spin-adapted spin-flip-down time-dependent density functional theory (SFD-TD-DFT) approaches to calculate the excitation energies for these types of electronic transitions.

Integrating ecosystem services into the water-energy-food-environment (WEFE) nexus for informed conservation strategies and planning in the Upper White Nile basin.

This study explores the integration of ecosystem services within the water-energy-food-environment (WEFE) nexus framework to inform conservation and development planning in the Upper White Nile basin in East Africa, an area faced with interconnected socio-ecological and climatic challenges. Employing a multi-method approach combining stakeholder valuations and biophysical mapping, we assess the spatial distribution of WEFE-related ecosystem services across the basin and compare them to current conservation measures. Findings reveal a heterogeneous distribution of ecosystem services across the basin, with environment-related services, such as carbon sequestration and environmental quality, dominating spatially (56 %), particularly in the northeastern part of the basin, while food-related services (27 %) are concentrated in the western and eastern regions.

Dental Adverse Effects Following Multimodality Treatment for Head and Neck Rhabdomyosarcoma: Results of a Trans-Atlantic Multicentre Study.

Introduction: As survival of paediatric cancer improves, more emphasis is placed on late adverse effects. However, the dental and periodontal adverse effects of cancer treatments in children remain an underinvestigated complication. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of late clinical dental adverse effects (cDAE) in survivors of paediatric head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma (HNRMS).

The role of environmental impact in healthcare providers' choices of inhalers for treatment of asthma and COPD: a discrete choice experiment.

Background: Pressurised metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs), often prescribed for the treatment of COPD and asthma have a high global warming potential (GWP) compared to dry powder inhalers (DPIs) and soft-mist inhalers. Despite calls to switch from high to DPIs or soft-mist inhalers, prescriptions of pMDIs have increased in recent years. Understanding healthcare providers' preferences can help develop strategies to promote prescribing low GWP inhalers.

Supportive Care Needs From Mid-to Long-Term Follow-Up Among Head and Neck Cancer Survivors: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Background: There is limited knowledge on the supportive care needs (SCNs) of head and neck cancer (HNC) survivors during long-term survivorship.

Aims: To investigate SCNs from 2 to 5 years after treatment among HNC survivors, and its association with demographic, personal, clinical, physical, psychological, social and lifestyle, and cancer-related quality of life factors.

Methods: SCNs were measured at 2, 3, 4 and 5 years using the supportive care needs survey (SCNS-SF34 and SCNS-HNC) in 403 HNC survivors.

Contribution of vestibular afference to estimation of centre of mass state for stabilization of walking differs between anteroposterior and mediolateral directions.

Walking without falling requires correcting the deviations of the centre of mass (CoM) trajectory relative to the base of support. This process is partially under feedback control. We investigated whether vestibular afference contributes to estimating CoM state to stabilize walking.

Probiotic supplementation attenuates dental pain and inhibits pain-induced cognitive impairment in male rats.

Objectives: The gut-brain axis has emerged as a promising avenue for understanding the bidirectional communication between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system. This study investigated the potential impact of probiotics, Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA-5), Lactobacillus paracasei (L. casei 431), and Bifidobacterium lactis (BB-12), as well as their combination, on dental pulp pain management and cognitive functions.

POLR3 gene and protein expression dynamics in 4H leukodystrophy using iPSC-derived neuronal lineages.

Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology offered new tools for studying disease mechanisms by modeling patient-specific genetics in disease-relevant cell types. Here, we focus on 4H leukodystrophy, a genetic brain white matter disorder linked to POLR3 variants with distinct clinical characteristics, which manifests with considerable clinical variability. Although 4H leukodystrophy primarily features white matter abnormalities, emerging research highlights the involvement of neuronal pathology.

The intracellular and extracellular fate of DNA and chromatin from micronuclei determines their pathogenicity.

Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA), particularly in blood, is emerging as a critical non-invasive biomarker for the prediction, diagnosis, and monitoring of human diseases. Additionally, cytoplasmic DNA has been implicated in promoting genetic aberrations, genome instability, and inflammation-factors that can contribute to the development of various diseases, including cancer. However, the heterogeneous nature of both intra- and extracellular DNA presents a significant challenge.

Innovative Training to Improve Childhood Cancer Knowledge Among Primary Health Care Providers: Evaluating a Blended Learning Program in Kenya.

Purpose: Early detection and timely referral are vital to improving childhood cancer outcomes in low- and middle-income countries. However, training primary health care providers (HCPs) remains challenging because of limited time and resources. This study assesses the knowledge of primary health care workers after a blended learning program on childhood cancer and examines impact on referrals.

Smartphone Apps and Wearables for Health Parameters in Young Adulthood: Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Fostering innovative and more effective interventions to support active aging strategies from youth is crucial to help this population adopt healthier lifestyles using technologies they are already familiar with. Mobile health (mHealth), particularly apps and wearables, represents a promising approach due to its versatility, ease of use, and ability to monitor multiple health variables simultaneously. Moreover, these devices offer opportunities for personalization and support in health behavior change, making them valuable tools for shaping healthy habits from a young age.

Computationally Efficient DFT-Based Sampling of Ion Diffusion in Crystalline Solids.

We present a method for large-scale DFT-based screening of ion diffusion in crystalline solids. This is accomplished by extending the Ionic TuTraSt method to sample the potential energy surface by using single-point DFT calculations. To drastically reduce the number of single-point DFT calculations, symmetry, interpolation, and exclusion of high-energy regions are employed.

Molecular dynamics study of differential effects of serotonin-2A-receptor (5-HT2AR) modulators.

The serotonin-2A receptor (5-HT2AR) is an interesting target for drug design in the context of antidepressants that might have a rapid onset of action and/or be effective in treatment-resistant cases. The main challenge, however, is that the activation of this receptor can provoke hallucinations. Recent studies have shown that activating the receptor with certain (partial) agonists could potentially give rise to antidepressant effect without hallucinogenic side effects.

Care Experiences of Family Caregivers of People with Dementia: A Nationwide Survey Study Comparing Caregivers with Migrant and Native Backgrounds.

Having a migration background might be associated with the care experiences of family caregivers of people with dementia. For example, caregivers with a migration background often face additional challenges in accessing professional care. The aim of this study was to provide insight into differences in care experiences between family caregivers with a native Dutch and a European or a non-European migration background.

Funerary practices of cremation at the megalithic societies of South-Eastern Iberia: The cemetery of Los Milanes.

The archaeological excavations undertaken at the Chalcolithic necropolis of Los Milanes have revealed a previously unknown variability in funerary practices in the south-eastern Iberia. For the first time, a megalithic tomb housed a large funerary deposit (28,740 bone fragments) of exclusively cremated human bone remains. For a comprehensive characterization of the funerary ritual, a cutting-edge multi-proxy approach has been undertaken including the osteological study of cremated bone remains, radiocarbon chronology, Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy in Attenuated Total Reflectance mode (FTIR-ATR), and carbon, oxygen and strontium isotope analyses.

The Role of CELMoD Agents in Multiple Myeloma.

Although recent decades have seen continued improvements in survival for patients with multiple myeloma, the disease remains largely incurable, and most patients will experience relapse and/or become refractory to treatment. There thus remains an urgent unmet need for novel treatments, particularly for those patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Novel treatment modalities, such as targeted protein degradation, have attracted particular interest due to their ability to expand the range of druggable protein targets in myeloma cells.

The Influence of Muscle Morphology on Oncological Outcomes: A Review.

Cancer is a common disease with significant impact on patients and society. Cancer and oncological treatment can negatively affect muscle, and muscle health impacts oncologic outcomes. This review studied the effect of different muscle parameters on oncologic outcomes.

Time-varying impact of established prognostic factors in resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Background: Prognostic factors in resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have been determined under the assumption that hazard ratios (HRs) remain static. However, PDAC is a dynamic disease with evolving conditional survival. The aim of this study was to determine if the impact of prognostic factors in PDAC is time-varying.

Long Non-coding RNA Based Therapy for Cardiovascular Disease.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as regulators of gene expression, influencing various cellular processes involved in cardiovascular health and disease. This review explores the functional roles of lncRNAs in CVD pathogenesis, highlighting their involvement in processes such as hypertrophy, fibrosis, inflammation, and vascular remodeling.

Systematic reviews of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs): table templates for effective communication.

Purpose: Systematic reviews of outcome measurement instruments (OMIs) are an important tool to guide the selection of OMIs for research and clinical practice. However, presenting the large amount of complex data pertaining both to the quality of each study (i.e.