Associations between child maltreatment and depressive symptoms among deaf and hearing adolescent students: A moderated mediation model.

Background: Childhood maltreatment is a well-established risk factor for adolescent mental health issues, particularly depressive symptoms. Deaf adolescents face heightened vulnerability due to unique challenges such as communication barriers and social exclusion. However, little is known about how social exclusion mediates the relationship between childhood maltreatment and depression in this population, or how emotion regulation strategies moderate these effects.

Optimizing perimenopausal mental health by integrating precision biomarkers, digital health interventions, and psychosocial care.

This study addressed the critical need for an integrated, personalized approach to perimenopausal mental health, addressing both biological and psychosocial factors. Current research highlighted the influence of hormonal fluctuations, genetic predispositions, and lifestyle factors in shaping perimenopausal mental health outcomes. This transitional period is marked by significant hormonal fluctuations contributing to heightened anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances, affecting the women's quality of life.

Personalized precision: Revolutionizing cancer treatment with mRNA-based vaccines in melanoma therapy.

Biological and societal issues are involved when we refer to a condition as cancer, which connotes loss, complexity, and uncertainty. In recent decades, the number of melanomas has climbed. Cancer treatment vaccines have induced immune responses against tumor-associated but not tumor-specific antigens.

Outcomes of Trabeculectomy and Glaucoma Drainage Device Surgery in Congenital Aniridia-Associated Glaucoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: This study aimed to compare the surgical outcomes of trabeculectomy and glaucoma drainage device (GDD) implantation in patients with congenital aniridia.

Methods: Eligible studies were retrieved from Embase, MEDLINE (via PubMed), and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) up to December 15, 2024. Studies were included if they reported clinical outcomes following trabeculectomy or GDD implantation in individuals with aniridic glaucoma.

Advanced Spectroscopic Characterization of Synthetic Oil from Oil Sands via Pyrolysis: An FTIR, GC-MSD, and NMR Study.

This paper presents a modern spectroscopic characterization of the synthetic oil from oil sands of Beke, Munaily-Mola, and Dongeleksor. The pyrolysis process was carried out at temperatures up to 580 °C with a controlled heating rate, and the products obtained were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MSD), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The FTIR spectra showed a predominance of aliphatic hydrocarbons in the sample from Munaily-Mola synthetic oil, while the content of aromatic compounds was higher in the sample from Beke.

Development of Low-Dose Disulfiram Rectal Suppository Intended for Application in Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome.

: Early diagnosis and oral or, in severe cases, intravenous antibiotics are usually effective for Lyme disease, but some patients have persistent symptoms unresponsive to standards of care, requiring alternative therapies. Disulfiram (DIS), a drug for alcoholism, is under investigation as a potential adjunctive treatment, but its low bioavailability, rapid metabolism, and safety concerns urge the development of improved formulations for clinical translation. : Screening dissolution and permeation studies were investigated for vehicle and excipient selection, following the pharmacopeia perspectives to develop and optimize the low-dose DIS rectal suppository intended for application in post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS).

Synthesis and Cytotoxic Activity of a New Family of α-Hydroxyphosphonates with the Benzothiophene Scaffold.

: α-Hydroxyphosphonates, one of the most prominent classes of phosphonates, remain of utmost importance because of their potential and real biological activity as pharmaceutical or pesticide agents. The effect is the consequence of their enzyme inhibitory properties. : It was planned to make available new heterocyclic hydroxyphosphonate derivatives with cytotoxic activity.

Optimal Design for a Novel Compliant XY Platform Integrated with a Hybrid Double Symmetric Amplifier Comprising One-Lever and Scott-Russell Mechanisms Arranged in a Perpendicular Series Layout for Vibration-Assisted CNC Milling.

Compliant mechanisms are often utilized in precise positioning systems but have not been thoroughly examined in vibration-aided fine CNC machining. This study aims to develop a new 02-DOF flexure stage for vibration-aided fine CNC milling. A hybrid displacement amplifier, featuring a two-lever mechanism, two Scott-Russell mechanisms, and a parallel leading mechanism, was integrated into a symmetric perpendicular series configuration to create an innovative design.

Experimental Study on Surface Integrity of Nickel-Based Superalloy in Ultrasonic Elliptical Vibration Cutting.

Nickel-based superalloys, renowned for their exceptional high-temperature strength, oxidation resistance, and corrosion resistance, have become essential materials in the aerospace, defense, and nuclear industries. However, due to their poor machinability, common cutting processes often result in poor surface quality, difficulties in chip breaking, and significant tool wear. This study investigates the surface integrity of nickel-based superalloys during ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting.

Friction and wear reduction effect of laser powder bed fusion produced Voronoi structures in lubricated metal-polymer sliding pairs.

The failure of artificial joints is often attributed to wear, prompting researchers to explore effective solutions such as material improvement, surface texturing and coating. This study introduces a novel approach of employing 3D printed Voronoi structures to enhance lubrication in polymer-metal sliding wear, with the aim of extending the longevity of artificial joint systems. Specifically, this study investigates the relationship between the geometries and tribological properties of Ti6Al4V Voronoi structures, paired with ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE).

Explainable multi-view transformer framework with mutual learning for precision breast cancer pathology image classification.

Breast cancer remains the most prevalent cancer among women, where accurate and interpretable analysis of pathology images is vital for early diagnosis and personalized treatment planning. However, conventional single-network models fall short in balancing both performance and explainability-Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) lack the capacity to capture global contextual information, while Transformers are limited in modeling fine-grained local details. To overcome these challenges and contribute to the advancement of Explainable AI (XAI) in precision cancer diagnosis, this paper proposes MVT-OFML (Multi-View Transformer Online Fusion Mutual Learning), a novel and interpretable classification framework for breast cancer pathology images.

Dural arteriovenous fistula with internal jugular venous drainage in the foramen magnum: A case report.

Rationale: Dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs), are rare intracranial arteriovenous malformations which are depicted with direct shunts between meningeal arteries and dural sinuses, dural veins, or cortical veins. We reported a rare case of DAVF in the foramen magnum (FM) which was drained by the jugular veins and the perimedullary veins.

Patient Concerns: A 53-year-old male patient was admitted at the Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital 5 hours after experiencing a severe headache.

Medical LLMs: Fine-Tuning vs. Retrieval-Augmented Generation.

Large language models (LLMs) are trained on huge datasets, which allow them to answer questions from various domains. However, their expertise is confined to the data that they were trained on. In order to specialize LLMs in niche domains like healthcare, various training methods can be employed.

3D bioprinting of plant and animal cell-based hybrid food.

Cellular agriculture is an emerging field that leverages stem cell biology, biotechnology, and tissue engineering to produce meat and other agricultural products through cell culture techniques. One of the most promising methods within this domain is three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting, which allows for precise layering of cells to form sophisticated structures. In this study, we introduce fully automated chaotic bioprinting with a custom-built extrusion setup taking advantage of an integrated Kenics static mixer printhead to create plant and animal cell-based hybrid noodles.

Mitigating hypersonic heat barrier via direct cooling enhanced by leidenfrost inhibition.

Heat barrier, the unrestricted increase in airplane or rocket speeds caused by aerodynamic heating, which-without adequate provisions for cooling the exposed surfaces-can lead to the loss of a hypersonic vehicle's reusability, maneuverability, and cost-effectiveness. To date, indirect thermal protection methods, such as regenerative cooling, film cooling, and transpiration cooling, have proven to be complex and inefficient. Here, we propose a direct liquid cooling system to mitigate the heat barrier, utilizing a blunt-sharp structured thermal armor (STA)-a recently proposed material [36] to elevate the Leidenfrost point.

A perspective on the synthetic methodologies and biological attributes of thiazole-hydrazone compounds: a medicinal chemistry-based investigation.

Thiazole-hydrazone compounds serve as an essential bis-heterocyclic scaffold in drug discovery, combining the features of a thiazole ring and a hydrazone linkage. This combination offers enhanced biological activity and versatility due to the distinct characteristics of each component. The thiazole ring provides electron density through its sulfur and nitrogen atoms, contributing to lipophilicity and improved membrane permeability, which enhances the drug's ability to reach intracellular targets.

Nitrosamine formation in lidocaine active pharmaceutical ingredients and drug products.

N-nitrosamine compounds have long been known for their carcinogenic properties, but they came into the focus of the pharmaceutical industry in 2018 when N-nitrosodimethylamine was detected in the active ingredient Valsartan. Since then, there has been a growing literature on the formation of N-nitrosamines in pharmaceutical products. In our study Lidocaine semi-solid and liquid pharmaceutical formulations were tested with a limit of 26.

Robotic manipulations of single cells using a large-volume piezoelectric micropipette with nanoliter precision.

Single-cell manipulations are a limiting factor in single-cell omics (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics), in vitro fertilization, and cloning. Cellular adhesion force often plays a pivotal role in various biological contexts, spanning from lower organisms to the human body. Investigating the mechanism of adhesive interactions at the individual cell level holds significant importance.

Early-Onset Diabetes in Ghana's Upper East Region-Insights From Hospital Data.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is the most prevalent endocrine disorder in individuals under 30 years, encompassing type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), monogenic diabetes, and maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). This study investigated the prevalence, types, and complications associated with early-onset diabetes (EOD) in the Upper East Region of Ghana.

Methods: The study used anonymised patient data from the Ghana Health Service's electronic data system, focusing on inpatient records of individuals aged 0 to 30 diagnosed with diabetes.

Optimal multi-objective energy management of decentralized demand response incorporating uncertainties.

This paper presents a decentralized demand response (DR) framework that, incorporating optimal multi-objective energy management strategies, addresses uncertainties in power networks. The power industry faces challenges in operational optimization due to uncertainties in generation and consumption while evaluating environmental impacts and long-term economic implications. This research introduces an innovative approach by combining advanced DR techniques with a robust energy management strategy designed for uncertain conditions, enhanced by sensitivity analysis to key system parameters.

Advancements in lung cancer: molecular insights, innovative therapies, and future prospects.

Still among the most common and deadly cancers worldwide, lung cancer causes major morbidity and death. Thanks to late-stage diagnosis, tumor heterogeneity, and resistance to traditional treatments, the prognosis for lung cancer patients is still poor even with developments in medical research. The disease is driven by a sophisticated interaction of environmental elements, genetic alterations, and lifestyle choices like smoking, air pollution, and occupational toxins.

Joint learning equation of state surfaces with uncertainty-aware physically regularized neural networks.

The equation of state (EOS) is essential for understanding material behavior under different pressure-temperature-volume (P-T-V) conditions across various disciplines. Traditional models, such as the Mie-Gr[Formula: see text]neisen-Debye equation, rely on thermodynamic assumptions and expert knowledge, while classical Gaussian process based machine learning approaches can be sensitive to choice of kernels and are limited by scalability and extrapolability. To overcome these limitations, we propose EOSNN, a neural network based physics informed deep learning method that jointly learns multiple EOS surfaces from diverse data sources, including static and dynamic compression and ab initio calculations.

Analysis of autonomous vehicle buyer's decisions: Balancing ethics with Innovation in the trolley dilemma.

This study explores complex decision-making processes in autonomous driving, focusing on the ethical challenges presented by the trolley dilemma and the regulatory focus theory. When faced with significant choices in autonomous driving scenarios, such as the trolley dilemma, passengers prefer to make their own decisions rather than rely on a system's automated choices. This preference of having a choice significantly increases their trust in the technology and their willingness to purchase autonomous vehicles.

Complex investigation of the effect mechanism of polyvinylpyrrolidone in the additive-assisted crystallization of famotidine.

Utilizing the positive impact of additives, including pharmaceutical excipients, to achieve favorable crystal morphology and polymorphism is a widely researched area. Despite the obvious benefits of additive-assisted crystallization, the quantification of process parameter influences on the effect mechanism of additives is usually discussed only from a nucleation inhibition point of view or focusing on technological feasibility. Accordingly, the relevant literature can be divided into technological and mechanism studies, but it lacks a complex combined approach.

Gas Barrier Properties of Organoclay-Reinforced Polyamide 6 Nanocomposite Liners for Type IV Hydrogen Storage Vessels.

This study investigates the hydrogen permeability of injection-molded polyamide 6 (PA6) nanocomposites reinforced with organo-modified montmorillonite (OMMT) at varying concentrations (1, 2.5, 5, and 10 wt. %) for potential use as Type IV composite-overwrapped pressure vessel (COPV) liners.