Advancements in lung cancer: molecular insights, innovative therapies, and future prospects.

Still among the most common and deadly cancers worldwide, lung cancer causes major morbidity and death. Thanks to late-stage diagnosis, tumor heterogeneity, and resistance to traditional treatments, the prognosis for lung cancer patients is still poor even with developments in medical research. The disease is driven by a sophisticated interaction of environmental elements, genetic alterations, and lifestyle choices like smoking, air pollution, and occupational toxins.

Advances in nanotechnology for colorectal cancer: a smart targeting and theranostics approach.

Colorectal cancer remains one of the most common and deadly malignancies globally, with high mortality rates, particularly in advanced stages. Conventional therapies such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, though beneficial, often suffer from drawbacks including systemic toxicity, multidrug resistance, and poor tumor selectivity. Recent progress in nanotechnology has introduced innovative theranostic strategies that integrate diagnosis and treatment using nanoparticle-based platforms.

Repurposing sulfonamide-scaffolds for enhanced and sustainable malaria therapy.

Malaria continues to pose a significant global health burden, with an estimated 263 million cases and 597,000 deaths reported in 2023, disproportionately affecting the WHO African Region. The emergence of drug-resistant strains has necessitated the search for novel therapeutic strategies. Sulfonamides, originally introduced as antibacterial agents, have been repurposed as promising antimalarial compounds due to their unique mechanism of action.

Therapeutic Potential of AgNP-Infused Patches in Periodontal Disease: An Observational Study in Albino Rats.

Introduction: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic modality in periodontal disease management due to their potent antimicrobial activity and ability to promote tissue regeneration. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of AgNP-infused patches in ligature-induced periodontitis rat model.

Methods: AgNPs were synthesized using a green synthesis method with neem () leaf extract followed by incorporation into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based patches.

Nanoparticle-Mediated Embryotoxicity: Mechanisms of Chemical Toxicity and Implications for Biological Development.

Nanoparticles, defined by their nanoscale dimensions and unique physicochemical properties, are widely utilized in healthcare, electronics, environmental sciences, and consumer products. However, increasing evidence of their potential embryotoxic effects during pregnancy underscores the need for a molecular-level understanding of their interactions during embryonic development. Nanoparticles such as titanium dioxide, silver, cerium oxide, copper oxide, and quantum dots can cross the placental barrier and interfere with crucial developmental processes.

Cannabinoids and the male reproductive system: Implications of endocannabinoid signaling pathways.

The escalating use and legalization of cannabis (marijuana) in the United States reflect shifting societal attitudes and growing awareness of its potential therapeutic benefits. Historically viewed as a harmful psychoactive substance, contemporary research has shown the intricate pharmacology of cannabis, with its diverse array of cannabinoids and their interactions with the endocannabinoid system. Among these cannabinoids, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol is the primary psychoactive component, characterized by its activation of cannabinoid receptors.

Emerging Applications of Medical Nanorobots in Health Care: Current Trends and Future Prospects.

Medical nanorobots and nanobots are at the forefront of therapy and diagnostics, potentially improving human health by enabling previously inaccessible treatments. This review explores critical issues concerning the design, components, signaling, structure, and roles of nanorobots and nanobots while elucidating the distinctions between microrobots and nanorobots or microrobotics and nanorobotics as well. By complementing traditional medical procedures, nanorobotic technology offers a rapid, safe, and potentially beneficial pathway toward early clinical applications.

Therapeutic Interventions for Diabetes Mellitus-associated Complications.

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is an alarming health concern, affecting approximately 537 million people worldwide. As a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, DM demands a comprehensive understanding of its diverse pathophysiological mechanisms and disease progression.

Methods: This traditional review has consolidated literature on the pathogenesis of hyperglycemia, its progression into complications, and advances in optimal treatment strategies.

Perspectives on chick embryo models in developmental and reproductive toxicity screening.

Teratology, the study of congenital anomalies and their causative factors intersects with developmental and reproductive toxicology, employing innovative methodologies. Evaluating the potential impacts of teratogens on fetal development and assessing human risk is an essential prerequisite in preclinical research. The chicken embryo model has emerged as a powerful tool for understanding human embryonic development due to its remarkable resemblance to humans.

Recent Advances in Nanotechnology-Based Drug Delivery Systems for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Reproductive Disorders.

Over the past decade, nanotechnology has seen extensive integration into biomedical applications, playing a crucial role in biodetection, drug delivery, and diagnostic imaging. This is especially important in reproductive health care, which has become an emerging and significant area of research. Global concerns have intensified around disorders such as infertility, endometriosis, ectopic pregnancy, erectile dysfunction, benign prostate hyperplasia, sexually transmitted infections, and reproductive cancers.

NOX-2 Inhibitors may be Potential Drug Candidates for the Management of COVID-19 Complications.

COVID-19 is an RNA virus that attacks the targeting organs, which express angiotensin- converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2), such as the lungs, heart, renal system, and gastrointestinal tract. The virus that enters the cell by endocytosis triggers ROS production within the confines of endosomes via a NOX-2 containing NADPH-oxidase. Various isoforms of NADPH oxidase are expressed in airways and alveolar epithelial cells, endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells, and inflammatory cells, such as alveolar macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, and Tlymphocytes.