Unraveling Hydrogen Adsorption on Transition Metal-Doped [MoS] Clusters: Insights from Density Functional Theory Calculations.

Molecular and dissociative hydrogen adsorption of transition metal (TM)-doped [MoS] atomic clusters were investigated using density functional theory calculations. The introduced TM dopants form stable bonds with S atoms, preserving the geometric structure. The S-TM-S bridging bond emerges as the most stable configuration.

CuMoS Nanocatalyst-Based Electrochemical Sensor for Ofloxacin Electro-Oxidation: Delineating the Combined Roles of Crystallinity and Morphology on the Analytical Performance.

In this study, we demonstrate the influence of crystallinity and morphology on the analytical performance of various CuMoS (CMS) nanocatalysts-based electrochemical sensors for the high-efficiency detection of Ofloxacin (OFX) antibiotic. The electrochemical kinetics parameters including peak current response (Δ), peak-to-peak separation (Δ), electrochemically active surface area (ECSA), electron-transfer resistance (R), were obtained through the electrochemical analyses, which indicate the single-crystalline nature of CMS nanomaterials (NMs) is beneficial for enhanced electron-transfer kinetics. The morphological features and the electrochemical results for OFX detection substantiate that by tuning the tube-like to plate-like structures of the CMS NMs, it might noticeably enhance multiple adsorption sites and more intrinsic active catalytic sites due to the diffusion of analytes into the interstitial spaces between CMS nanoplates.

Simple and Rapid Method of Microwell Array Fabrication for Drug Testing on 3D Cancer Spheroids.

Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture systems are becoming increasingly popular due to their ability to mimic the complex process of angiogenesis in cancer, providing more accurate and physiologically relevant data than traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture systems. Microwell systems are particularly useful in this context as they provide a microenvironment that more closely resembles the in vivo environment than traditional microwells. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) microwells are particularly advantageous due to their bio-inertness and the ability to tailor their material characteristics depending on the PEG molecular weight.

Comprehensive analysis of the microbiome in honey highlights honey as a potential source for the isolation of beneficial bacterial strains.

Background: Honey is a nutritious food made by bees from nectar and sweet deposits of flowering plants and has been used for centuries as a natural remedy for wound healing and other bacterial infections due to its antibacterial properties. Honey contains a diverse community of bacteria, especially probiotic bacteria, that greatly affect the health of bees and their consumers. Therefore, understanding the microorganisms in honey can help to ensure the quality of honey and lead to the identification of potential probiotic bacteria.

Improved synthesis, molecular modeling and anti-inflammatory activity of new fluorinated dihydrofurano-naphthoquinone compounds.

A series of new fluorinated dihydrofurano-napthoquinone compounds were sucessfully synthesized in good yields using microwave-assisted multi-component reactions of 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, fluorinated aromatic aldehydes, and pyridinium bromide. The products were fully characterized using spectroscopic techniques and evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells.

Effect of gibberellin on crown root development in the mutant of the rice plasmodesmal Germin-like protein OsGER4.

Rice is an essential but highly stress-susceptible crop, whose root system plays an important role in plant development and stress adaptation. The rice root system architecture is controlled by gene regulatory networks involving different phytohormones including auxin, jasmonate, and gibberellin. Gibberellin is generally known as a molecular clock that interacts with different pathways to regulate root meristem development.

Antiplatelet and Anticoagulant Effects of Two New Phenylpropanoid Sucrose Esters and Other Secondary Metabolites from the Aerial Part of Canna edulis.

This study isolated pure compounds from Canna edulis aerial parts and assessed their antiplatelet and anticoagulant potential. Structural elucidation resulted in the identification of two new compounds: caneduloside A (1) and caneduloside B (2), and eleven known compounds: 6'-acetyl-3,6,2'-tri-p-coumaroyl sucrose (3), 6'-acetyl-3,6,2'-triferuloyl sucrose (4), tiliroside (5), afzelin (6), quercitrin (7), 2-hydroxycinnamaldehyde (8), cinnamic acid (9), 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid (10), dehydrovomifoliol (11), 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde (12), and (S)-(-)-rosmarinic acid (13). Compounds 3, 4, 6-9, 13 were previously reported for antithrombotic properties.

Disentangling fine particles (PM) composition in Hanoi, Vietnam: Emission sources and oxidative potential.

A comprehensive chemical characterization of fine particulate matter (PM) was conducted at an urban site in one of the most densely populated cities of Vietnam, Hanoi. Chemical analysis of a series of 57 daily PM samples obtained in 2019-2020 included the quantification of a detailed set of chemical tracers as well as the oxidative potential (OP), which estimates the ability of PM to catalyze reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in vivo as an initial step of health effects due to oxidative stress. The PM concentrations ranged from 8.

Nanoparticles as carriers of photosensitizers to improve photodynamic therapy in cancer.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a promising non invasive therapeutic approach for cancer treatment, offering unique advantages over conventional treatments. The combination of light activation and photosensitizing agents allows for targeted and localized destruction of cancer cells, reducing damage to surrounding healthy tissues. In recent years, the integration of nanoparticles with PDT has garnered significant attention due to their potential to enhance therapeutic outcomes.

Anti-inflammatory effect of L. fruit methanolic extract on lipopolysaccharide-treated RAW 264.7 murine macrophages.

Context: The species was studied several potential properties such as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. However, the specific anti-inflammatory activity of the extract from the fruits of L. has not been investigated.

A novel method for preparing BiOI nanoplates and their use as precursors to synthesize porous BiVO water oxidation photocatalysts.

In this work, we report an innovative method for synthesizing BiOI nanoplate powder by a slow basification of an aqueous solution constituted of Bi(NO) and KI. The basification was done with NH vapor which was naturally generated on top of an NHOH solution kept in a closed space. The impact of the basification rate on the morphology and crystallinity of the BiOI product was investigated.

RNA therapeutics for respiratory diseases.

It has become increasingly common to utilize RNA treatment to treat respiratory illnesses. Experimental research on both people and animals has advanced quickly since the turn of the twenty-first century in an effort to discover a treatment for respiratory ailments that could not be accomplished with earlier techniques, specifically in treating prevalent respiratory diseases such as lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), respiratory infections caused by viruses, and asthma. This chapter has provided a comprehensive overview of the scientific evidence in applying RNA therapy to treat respiratory diseases.

The ribosomal transcription units of five echinostomes and their taxonomic implications for the suborder Echinostomata (Trematoda: Platyhelminthes).

Five newly obtained nuclear ribosomal transcription unit (rTU) sequences from Echinostomatidae and Echinochasmidae are presented. The inter- and intrafamilial relationships of these and other families in the suborder Echinostomata are also analyzed. The sequences obtained are the complete rTU of Artyfechinostomum malayanum (9,499 bp), the near-complete rTU of Hypoderaeum conoideum (8,076 bp), and the coding regions (from 5'-terminus of 18S to 3'-terminus of 28S rRNA gene) in Echinostoma revolutum (6,856 bp), Echinostoma miyagawai (6,854 bp), and Echinochasmus japonicus (7,150 bp).

Synthesis, molecular docking analysis and evaluation of new heterocyclic hybrids of 4-aza-podophyllotoxin as potent cytotoxic agents.

Two different synthetic approaches to novel heterocyclic hybrid compounds of 4-azapodophyllotoxin were investigated. The obtained products were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and high-resolution mass spectrometry. MTT protocol was then performed to examine the cytotoxic activity of these products against KB, HepG2, A549, MCF7, and Hek-293 cell lines.

A new benzophenanthridine alkaloid from stem bark of and its biological activities.

A new benzophenanthridine alkaloid 6-butanoyldihydrochelerythrine and five known alkaloids 6-acetonyldihydronitidine , 6-acetonyldihydrochelerythrine , isocorydine , (O)-methyltembamide , N-(4-methoxyphenethyl)benzamide were isolated from the stem barks of . These structures were elucidated by 1D, 2D NMR spectroscopy and by mass spectrometry. This is the first time that compounds were identified from and the first time that compounds and were identified from the genus .

Heterologously expressed SacP23, a novel bacteriocin from #23, is active against methicillin resistant .

Antimicrobial peptides have the potential to be used in a range of applications, including as an alternative to conventional antibiotics for the treatment of bacterial infections of humans and animals. Therefore, there is interest in identifying novel bacteriocins which have desirable physico-chemical properties or antimicrobial activities. #23, isolated from a marine sponge, has wide spectrum antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.

Roles of Fatty Acid Chain Length and Enzyme-Oriented Drug Controlled Release from pH-Triggering Self-Assembled Fatty Acid Conjugated Quetiapine Nanosuspensions.

Background: Quetiapine (QTP) is a first-line antipsychotic drug, but its therapeutic druggability and patient adherence were limited due to high oral dose strength, low bioavailability and physicochemical/biopharmaceutical issues.

Purpose: To investigate the roles of fatty acid chain length and enzyme-oriented QTP controlled release from pH-triggering self-assembled fatty acid conjugated QTP nanosuspensions (NSPs).

Methods: QTP was conjugated with different chain length fatty acids (C10-decanoic acid, C14-myristic acid, C18-stearic acid) to obtain QTP-fatty acid conjugates (QFCs: QD, QM, QS) by exploiting 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide/4-dimethylaminopyridine (EDC/DMAP) conjugation chemistry.

Desilification of phytolith exacerbates the release of arsenic from rice straw.

Arsenic (As) turnover in rice paddy agro-ecosystems has received much attention because As can enter the food chain through its accumulation in rice, thereby affecting human health. Returning straw to soil is a common practice to retain nutrients for soil and crops, but it also cycles As within the rice paddy field ecosystems. However, there is still a lack of detailed understanding of the fate of As in rice straw, and how or to what extent it is recycled back into the soil environment.

Spray-dried Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Enhancing Berberine Bioavailability Oral Administration.

Background: Berberine (BBR), an Eastern traditional medicine, has expressed novel therapeutic activities, especially for chronic diseases like diabetes, hyperlipemia, hypertension, and Alzheimer's disease. However, the low oral bioavailability of BBR has limited the applications of these treatments. Hence, BBRloaded solid lipid nanoparticles (BBR-SLNs) were prepared to improve BBR absorption into systemic circulations via this route.

Enhancing powdery mildew resistance in soybean by targeted mutation of MLO genes using the CRISPR/Cas9 system.

Background: Powdery mildew is a major disease that causes great losses in soybean yield and seed quality. Disease-resistant varieties, which are generated by reducing the impact of susceptibility genes through mutation in host plants, would be an effective approach to protect crops from this disease. The Mildew Locus O (MLO) genes are well-known susceptibility genes for powdery mildew in plant.