A 19F Blake Drain versus a 28F Conventional Drain Following Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer: A Comparative Retrospective Study.

Background: Pleural drainage is essential for preventing and managing respiratory complications after video-assisted thoracoscopic esophagectomy (VATE). Conventional large-bore drains often cause significant pain. Small-bore drains (e.

Critical roles of ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase in eye development.

Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) is a protein in the ubiquitin-proteasome system involved in numerous cellular processes and implicated in various human diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and metabolic syndrome. However, its roles in development remain poorly understood. In this study, we used as a model to investigate the function of UCH-L1.

A chromosome-level Mitragyna parvifolia genome unveils spirooxindole alkaloid diversification and mitraphylline biosynthesis.

Monoterpene indole alkaloids (MIAs) found in the Rubiaceae have varied pharmaceutical uses. Spirooxindole alkaloids are a structural subtype of MIAs with a unique spiro[pyrrolidine-3,3'-oxindole] ring system. Despite their intriguing structures and potent bioactivities, the evolution and diversification of spirooxindole alkaloids remain poorly understood.

Discovery of corynanthe synthases in Camptotheca acuminata: medium-chain dehydrogenase/reductase-based gateway to corynanthe-type compound diversification.

We combined bioinformatic analysis with in vitro biochemical assays to identify and characterize six medium-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (MDR) enzymes involved in corynanthe alkaloid biosynthesis in Camptotheca acuminata. Camptotheca acuminata, commonly known as the happy tree, is a medicinal plant from the monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIAs)-rich Nyssaceae family. In this study, we combined bioinformatic analysis and biochemical investigations to identify new enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of corynanthe alkaloids, an MIA subgroup, in C.

Key RNA elements influencing DCL1 cleavage in plant microRNA biogenesis.

DICER-LIKE 1 (DCL1), a plant-specific RNase III enzyme, is fundamental to post-transcriptional gene regulation mediated by microRNAs (miRNAs). DCL1 processes precursor miRNAs into mature miRNAs, typically 20-22 nucleotides long. Despite its crucial role, the RNA elements that guide DCL1's cleavage site selection have remained largely uncharacterized.

Dynamic shifts in isomiR profiles during parasite maturation of .

We investigated the isomiR profiles of the parasitic worm across three developmental stages: newly excysted juveniles (NEJ), juveniles (JUV), and adults. Our analysis revealed a distinct shift in isomiR distribution during maturation, with NEJs exhibiting a higher abundance and diversity of isomiRs compared to later stages. Notably, isomiRs were often the dominant miRNA form in NEJs, whereas a transition to canonical miRNAs occurred as the parasite matured.

Family caregivers of people who use drugs in Vietnam: Perceived burden and coping.

Background: Understanding the burdens and coping of family caregivers for people who use drugs (PWUD) is essential for developing effective support interventions. This study explores patterns of perceived burden and coping efforts among caregivers in Vietnam and their associations with socio-demographic characteristics.

Methods: This study analyzed baseline data from an intervention trial conducted in three Vietnamese provinces in 2024.

Top 10 consumer and healthcare professional priorities for research in the field of quality use of medicines in people living with dementia.

BackgroundPeople living with Alzheimer's disease and other types of dementia are vulnerable to medicine-related problems. More research is needed to support achieving quality use of medicines in people living with dementia.ObjectiveTo determine the top 10 unanswered quality use of medicines questions for people living with dementia, as prioritized by Australians living with dementia, their carers, and healthcare professionals.

Challenges, knowledge, and skills required for family caregivers of older adults with dementia: a qualitative study in Vietnam.

Introduction: Most people with dementia (PwD) receive home care from their family members. Caring for PwD can be challenging; however, many family caregivers do not receive adequate training. The lack of support, knowledge, and skills in dementia care places significant physical and psychological stress on family caregivers.

Visible Light-Assisted Detection of Furazolidone Using a Ag@FeO Nanoparticle-Based Electrochemical Sensor.

This study presents a visible light-enhanced electrochemical sensor for detecting furazolidone (FZD), a widely used antibiotic, using a magnetoplasmonic Ag@FeO nanoparticle (MagPlas NPs)-modified screen-printed electrode (SPE). Under visible light irradiation, the MagPlas-based electrochemical sensor demonstrates significantly enhanced sensitivity compared to its performance in the absence of light. This enhancement is attributed to multiple synergistic mechanisms, including photosensitization of MagPlas NPs, improved electron transfer kinetics, and increased adsorption capacity.

Morphometric characterization of Holocene mandibles expands the ecological baseline for understanding gibbon extinction dynamics.

Human activities have driven biodiversity loss for millennia, and conservation of 'refugee species' that survive as remnant populations requires insights from historical baselines. However, reconstructing the past distribution and ecology of such species is challenging due to data limitations with specimen-based archives. Here, we assess the taxonomic identity of two gibbon mandibles from the Wumingshan Neolithic site in Guangxi, China.

From data to discovery: leveraging big data in plant natural products biosynthesis research.

Plant natural products or specialized metabolites play a vital role in drug discovery and development, with many clinically important derivatives such as the anticancer drugs topotecan (derived from the natural alkaloid camptothecin) and etoposide (derived from the natural polyphenol podophyllotoxin). Remarkable advances in understanding plant natural product metabolism have been achieved at an unprecedented pace over the past 15 years. The integration of high-throughput technologies in genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics has generated vast datasets that provide a more comprehensive understanding of plant metabolism.

Tailoring morphological and electrical properties of nanoplate-ZnO varistors sintering temperature.

In this study, ZnO nanoplates (crystallite size: 100 nm, thickness: 15 nm) were synthesized a hydrothermal route. Varistors were then fabricated using these ZnO nanoplates incorporated with five oxide dopants (BiO, SbO, MnO, CoO, and CrO) and sintered at 1000, 1100, and 1200 °C. A control varistor sample using micro-sized ZnO was also prepared.

Assessing mutation-clinical correlations and treatment outcomes in Vietnamese non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Introduction: This study examines the genetic and clinical profiles of Vietnamese patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), focusing on mutations in seven driver genes: , , , , , , and . The goal is to identify mutation patterns and their correlations with clinical factors, thereby informing personalized treatment strategies.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study of 299 NSCLC patients at the University Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City (2019-2022) recorded demographics, smoking history, and tumor stage.

Active disturbance rejection control based on soft computing techniques for electric power steering to improve system performance.

Electric Power Steering (EPS) systems enhance driving comfort and safety. However, their performance often degrades under varying operating conditions due to external disturbances and modeling uncertainties. Traditional control methods, which typically rely on fixed parameters or neglect disturbance dynamics, struggle to maintain robustness and adaptability across diverse scenarios.

Synthesis of g-CN-based nanocomposites with low Au loading for efficient methylene blue degradation.

In this study, nanocomposite materials were synthesized in two consecutive processes. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were simultaneously deposited on the zinc oxide (ZnO) substrate and then calcined with urea to form the Au/ZnO/graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) composite. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy were used to analyze the crystal structures, content, and morphology of the Au/ZnO/g-CNsample.

Quality of life in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer receiving cytotoxic and cytotoxic plus targeted therapy.

Background: Targeted therapies in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) have reportedly been associated with better quality of life (QoL). Previous studies have revealed uncontrolled sources of biases or confounders that could distort this association. Given the lack of robust evidence and causal inference, we aimed to investigate the effects of targeted therapy-added regimens versus cytotoxic therapy (CyT) on QoL and components of QoL in patients with mCRC eligible for curative-intent treatment.

Assessing Microprocessor complex mutations with a Microsensor system.

The Microprocessor complex, consisting of DROSHA and DGCR8, is essential for miRNA maturation and gene regulation. Mutations in these proteins are associated with Wilms tumor (WiT), a common pediatric kidney cancer. To explore the impact of these mutations on WiT pathogenesis, we developed the Microsensor system, a novel tool for dynamically monitoring Microprocessor activity in human cells.

Nonlinear active disturbance rejection mechanism based sliding mode control for enhancing electric power assisted steering performance.

Electric Power Assisted Steering (EPAS) systems provide vehicle stability and safety under various driving conditions. Previous studies often applied only one or several traditional algorithms to control the performance of EPAS systems and ignored the influence of external disturbances. This increases the signal tracking error and causes other adverse effects on the system.

Predictive validity of the sequential organ failure assessment score for mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome in Vietnam.

Evaluating the prognosis of ARDS patients using grading systems can enhance treatment decisions. This retrospective observational study evaluated the predictive accuracy of the SOFA score, APACHE II score, SpO/FiO ratio, and PaO/FiO ratio for mortality in ARDS patients in Vietnam. The study included 335 adult ARDS patients admitted to a central hospital from August 2015 to August 2023.

Synthesis, cytotoxicity, apoptosis-inducing activity and molecular docking studies of novel isatin-podophyllotoxin hybrids.

Podophyllotoxin, along with its numerous derivatives and related compounds, is well known for its broad-spectrum pharmacological activity, especially for anticancer potential. In this study, several isatin-podophyllotoxin hybrid compounds were successfully synthesized with good yields through microwave-prompted three-component reactions of 2-amino-1,4-naphthoquinone, various substituted isatins, and tetronic acid. Their cytotoxicity was assessed against four types of human cancer cell lines, HepG2 (hepatoma carcinoma), MCF7 (breast cancer), A549 (non-small lung cancer), and KB (epidermoid carcinoma), alongside nontumorigenic HEK-293 human embryonic kidney cells.

Active Disturbance Rejection Control for an automotive suspension system based on parameter tuning using a fuzzy technique.

Road surface roughness is the cause of vehicle vibration, which is considered a system disturbance. Previous studies on suspension system control often ignore the influence of disturbances while designing the controller, leading to system performance degradation under severe vibration conditions. In this work, we propose a control method to improve active suspension performance that reduces vehicle vibration by eliminating the influence of road disturbances.

Combination of Hotspot Mutations With Methylation and Fragmentomic Profiles to Enhance Multi-Cancer Early Detection.

Background: Multi-cancer early detection (MCED) through a single blood test significantly advances cancer diagnosis. However, most MCED tests rely on a single type of biomarkers, leading to limited sensitivity, particularly for early-stage cancers. We previously developed SPOT-MAS, a multimodal ctDNA-based assay analyzing methylation and fragmentomic profiles to detect five common cancers.