Results of TOR001: an open-label single patient study using targeted bacteriophage therapy for the treatment of a chronic urinary tract infection.

Chronic urinary tract infections are persistent bacterial infections with the potential to drive antibiotic resistance. Like other persistent bacterial infections, intracellular bacterial reservoirs and biofilm formation hinder the clearance of pathogens despite long courses of antibiotic therapy. New strategies for treatment of these persistent infections are needed.

Intussusception associated with congenital lymphangioma in a dog.

A 12-week-old intact male golden retriever dog was referred to our clinic with a history of recurrent diarrhea and rectal prolapse and because of a suspected intussusception. An abdominal ultrasound was conducted to confirm the suspicion of an intussusception. An exploratory laparotomy identified a jejuno-ileo-cecal-colic intussusception that was manually reduced.

Kidney Injury During Treatment with Aflibercept versus Ranibizumab: a Population-based Study.

Purpose: Systemically administered anti-cancer VEGF inhibiting therapies can cause severe kidney injury. Intravitreal aflibercept has a greater impact on renal VEGF levels than ranibizumab. We compared the risk of kidney injury among patients receiving intravitreal aflibercept vs.

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Escherichia coli Isolated From Broiler Chickens in Sylhet District of Bangladesh.

The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) Escherichia coli in poultry farming is a growing global public health concern, particularly in Bangladesh, where the use of antibiotics remains largely unregulated. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and AMR patterns of E. coli isolated from broiler chickens in Sylhet district of Bangladesh and to investigate the network of coexisting resistance traits among the isolates.

Productive and welfare parameters in trimmed laying hens: A systematic review-meta-analysis.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of beak trimming-using a hot blade or infrared radiation-on mortality, egg production, feather pecking, and corticosterone levels in laying hens, using systematic review-meta-analysis (SR-MA) methodology. A total of 1775 citations were identified. The number of birds evaluated was 76 for corticosterone, 6172 for mortality, and 5460 for egg production.

Validity evidence for communication skills assessment in health professions education: a scoping review.

Objective: Communication skills assessment (CSA) is essential for ensuring competency, guiding educational practices and safeguarding regulatory compliance in health professions education (HPE). However, there appears to be heterogeneity in the reporting of validity evidence from CSA methods across the health profession that complicates our interpretation of the quality of assessment methods. Our objective was to map reliability and validity evidence from scores of CSA methods that have been reported in HPE.

Use of porcine small intestinal submucosa for reconstruction of a soft palate defect following marginal resection of a melanoma in a dog.

A 12-year-old castrated male golden retriever was referred for evaluation of a palatal mass. Computed tomography identified a 2.7 × 2.

Facilitators of and barriers to adaptive video gaming participation among individuals with physical disabilities.

Participation in leisure and recreational activities has been associated with improvements in quality of life and social relationships for individuals with physical disabilities. The purpose of this study was to determine the most frequent facilitators and barriers that individuals with physical disabilities experience, both when starting with adaptive video gaming and when maintaining participation. A self-administered survey was used to collect data from individuals who currently participate in adaptive gaming and included three sections: (1) Demographic Section, (2) Gamer Habits Section, and (3) Facilitators and Barriers to Adaptive Gaming Section.

Improving access and efficiency of acute ischemic stroke treatment across four Canadian provinces: a stepped-wedge trial.

Background: The translation of standard-of-care in acute ischemic stroke reperfusion interventions into practice is well established, but multifactorial obstacles exist in complete adoption, which has led to inequities in access and delivery of services. The objective of this study was to improve access and efficiency of ischemic stroke treatment across four Atlantic Canadian Provinces.

Methods: A stepped-wedge cluster trial was conducted over 30 months with 3 clusters covering 34 sites.

The influence of artificial light at night on algal phenol concentrations can mediate herbivore-algal interactions.

Artificial light at night (ALAN) is a growing anthropogenic stressor affecting all biological levels of complexity. Despite this, only a few studies have measured its influence on photosynthetic organisms, and even fewer its effects on macroalgae and their interaction with herbivores. Of particular interest is the potential influence of ALAN on secondary metabolites, such as phenolic compounds, that are used by macroalgae to deter herbivores.

Management of a Nondeflating Foley Urinary Catheter Balloon by Transrectal Centesis in a Dog.

Objective: To describe the management of a nondeflating urinary catheter balloon via transrectal centesis in a dog and to propose an algorithm for the nonsurgical management of this adverse event in dogs.

Case Summary: A mature neutered male crossbreed dog presented with a <24-h history of acute paraplegia secondary to a T13-L1 hydrated nucleus pulposus extrusion. During placement of an indwelling urinary catheter, the Foley balloon reservoir was inadvertently inflated in the proximal urethra.

Temporal metabolomic fingerprinting identifies adenine as a novel biomarker for early detection of Escherichia coli infection in broiler chickens.

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli causes septicemia in broiler chickens leading to high mortality and economic losses. Current diagnostic methods, such as serology and culture, cannot detect infections during early asymptomatic stages. Hence, this study focused on identifying novel serum metabolic biomarkers and pathways as an early detection prediction tool.

Draft horses have similar outcomes as nondraft horses presenting for colic at a referral institution in Atlantic Canada.

Objective: For horses presenting for colic to a referral hospital in Atlantic Canada, we aimed to describe clinical findings, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome for draft breeds; identify associations between clinical findings, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome for draft compared to nondraft breeds; and identify the overall impact of draft breed on mortality.

Methods: A retrospective review of equine colic cases presenting to the Atlantic Veterinary College (2004 to 2023). Logistic regression models were used to assess associations between parameters and draft breed and mortality.

The KRESCENT 2.0 Health Research Training Platform Application Process: Program Report.

Purpose Of Program: The Kidney Research Scientist Core Education and National Training Program (KRESCENT) was launched in 2005 to enhance kidney research capacity in Canada and foster knowledge translation across the 4 pillars of health research. This program report describes the pan-Canadian KRESCENT 2.0 Health Research Training Platform (HRTP) application process that was awarded a 5-year grant through the pilot Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) HRTP program, ensuring continuation of this capacity-building program in Canada.

Self-Assembled Peptide Nanoparticle-Mediated Macrophage Polarization Enhances Anticancer Efficacy of Chemotherapeutics in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Peptide-based self-assembled materials are being investigated as a biodegradable option with various biomedical applications such as drug-delivery carriers and as biosensors. In this study, we report the mechanism of action of a synthetic β-sheet and turn rich macrocyclic host defense peptide that self-assemble in the form of nanoparticles and stimulate naïve and tumor-associated macrophages, resulting in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators in macrophage monoculture and in a macrophage/triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) coculture model. Our results show that macrocyclic peptide-based nanomaterials termed as mCA4 engage with toll-like receptors of macrophages, activating downstream pathways in both naïve and IL-4-pretreated macrophages, and result in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators by the immune cells.

Decriminalization of drug possession in British Columbia and hospitalizations for opioid poisoning.

Objectives: In January of 2023, the provincial government of British Columbia, Canada, received federal approval to decriminalize the personal possession of certain illegal drugs. The policy had multiple aims, including a long-term goal of reducing drug-related overdoses by decreasing stigma associated with drug use and promoting health service and treatment engagement. In May of 2024, the policy was amended to recriminalize drug possession in public spaces.

Metabolite Functions Revealed by Mass Spectrometry-Based Target Engagement Proteomics Approaches.

In addition to their roles in energetics and biosynthesis, endogenous metabolites have functional roles performed in part through protein interactions that result in allosteric regulation, transcriptional regulation, and post-translational modifications. Novel bioactive roles for metabolites continue to emerge in cancer progression, immune response, and host-pathogen interactions. Defining metabolite-protein interactions will further reveal bioactive metabolite downstream effects and help to characterize the intersection between the metabolome and the proteome.

Percutaneous extracapsular repair as a cost-effective alternative for treating cranial cruciate ligament deficiency in dogs.

Objective: To evaluate the duration of surgery, cost, and outcomes associated with percutaneous placement of a lateral fabellotibial suture (pLFS) in dogs with unilateral cranial cruciate ligament deficiency (CCLD) treated in a low-cost clinical setting.

Study Design: Block randomized prospective clinical trial on 24 dogs.

Methods: Dogs underwent an exploratory arthrotomy and extracapsular repair (ECR) or pLFS.

Veterinary echocardiographers' preferences for image selection, timing, and caliper placement for left atrial two-dimensional size assessment in dogs: the BENEFIT project.

Introduction/objectives: This study aimed to investigate veterinary echocardiographers' preferences for assessing left atrial (LA) size in dogs using linear two-dimensional echocardiography, focusing on image selection, timing, caliper placement, and thresholds used for LA enlargement. A secondary aim was to explore the impact of experience and training on echocardiographers' linear two-dimensional measurements of LA size in dogs.

Animals, Materials And Methods: A global online study was conducted, asking veterinary echocardiographers to measure LA size using static echocardiographic images.

RADAR-ES: A Methodological Framework for Conducting Environmental Scans in Health Services Delivery Research.

Aim: To propose a methodological framework for conceptualizing, planning, and implementing an environmental scan (ES) in health services delivery research (HSDR).

Background: An ES is a methodological approach employed to examine a range of practices, policies, issues, programs, technologies, trends, and opportunities from a variety of data sources to inform program or policy development. Despite the wide use of ESs in health care to inform decision-making, a lack of methodological guidance exists to support researchers in planning and conducting an ES in HSDR.

Motivations and limitations to improve dairy heifer replacement programs in the west of Buenos Aires province, Argentina.

Dairy heifer replacement programs (RPs) are crucial for herd health and productivity. Understanding the factors that motivate or limit their implementation could go a long way toward promoting these programs more effectively. This study aimed to quantify the relative importance of such factors among dairy farmers and advisors in the west of Buenos Aires (Argentina).

Spectrum of care toolkit: identifying and communicating evidence-based options.

Objective: Using a case-based example, to provide a video tutorial on the use of a framework to identify, review, and communicate to a pet owner (veterinary client) evidence-based findings that enable the provision of spectrum-of-care options for patient management, demonstrate use of the Value Matrix, and inform shared decision-making.

Animals: Any veterinary patient for which evidence-based care options along the continuum of acceptable care (often referred to as spectrum of care) is sought.

Methods: Evidence-based veterinary medicine involves identifying a relevant clinical question facing the patient, client, and veterinarian and acquiring and appraising the evidence, informing the options applied to the unique case.