The presence and relative abundance of salivary Fusobacterium nucleatum are not associated with colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Early detection through non-invasive methods is critical for improving patient outcomes. This study investigates the association between the presence and relative abundance of Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) in saliva and CRC, evaluating its potential as a non-invasive biomarker.

Clinical and economic consequences of medication nonadherence: a review of systematic reviews.

Background: Medication efficacy observed in clinical trials may differ from its effectiveness during real-world usage. Medication nonadherence is one of the key factors being responsible for this efficacy-effectiveness gap. The World Health Organization estimated that only 50% of chronic medication users is adherent and nonadherence results in both negative health outcomes for the patient and higher societal costs.

Does neuropathic low back pain negatively influence work capacity? A cross-sectional study among Hungarian workers.

Low back pain (LBP) is a leading cause of disability worldwide and neuropathic low back pain (NLBP) represents a subset of LBP that involves nerve injury or dysfunction. This condition has been shown to have significant impacts on physical, psychological, and social well-being. The aim of our study was to investigate the association of NLBP on Work Ability Index (WAI) among postal delivery workers taking many covariates into account.

Efficacy of incretin-based therapies in obesity-related obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

The primary etiologic risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is obesity. As incretin-based therapies, specifically glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and dual GLP-1/glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) agonists, have shown promising outcomes in obesity management, these medications have generated interest in OSA therapy. To investigate their efficacy in OSA, we performed a systematic literature search following PRISMA and Cochrane Handbook guidelines for studies reporting apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and incretin-based therapy in patients with OSA.

Exercise as a geroprotector: focusing on epigenetic aging.

Emerging evidence suggests that physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness may delay or reverse epigenetic aging, with implications for the extension of healthspan. This Perspective review defines essential exercise-related terminology and synthesizes findings from both human and animal studies examining the relationships between these factors and DNA methylation-based epigenetic clocks. While observational studies have demonstrated inverse relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness and epigenetic age acceleration, interventional studies further suggest that structured exercise training can induce epigenomic rejuvenation, particularly in blood and skeletal muscle.

Application of Telemedicine in the Management of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Focus on Heart Failure.

Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome that represents one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in developed nations. It is well established that every HF-related hospital admission leads to worsened quality of life for the patient and their caregiver and also imposes a significant financial burden on society. Therefore, reducing hospital admissions for this population has emerged as a critical tactic over the past decades.

Evaluating the effectiveness of valgus knee braces in improving pain, stiffness, and physical function in medial compartment osteoarthritis.

Valgus knee orthosis is a common conservative treatment for medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (OA), though its efficacy in diverse socioeconomic and cultural contexts remains understudied. This investigation evaluated the short-term effects of a valgus knee orthosis on knee OA patients from a developing country, while monitoring adherence, to address this gap in the literature. The study included 35 participants with radiographically confirmed OA (Kellgren-Lawrence grades 2-3).

Patients', caregivers and clinicians' perspectives on education and support about methotrexate: survey to 26 European Countries.

Objectives: To assess patients', carers', nurses' and physicians' perspectives and experiences regarding patient education (PE) and support of Methotrexate (MTX) treatment in Europe.

Methods: An international team of researchers and clinicians, including rheumatology nurses, a pharmacist, a rheumatologist, and three patient representatives, developed a survey. Common and sample-specific questions were conceived for adult patients or carers (≥18 years) of children/young people with RMDs, nurses, and physicians working in rheumatology practice in Europe.

How to manage the overwhelming amount of database-detected interactions? A focus group meeting study on the management of database-detected risks of drug interactions.

Objectives: Database-assisted screening may help detect the risks of drug interactions, but less than 10% of flagged interactions have clinical manifestations, potentially leading to alert fatigue among healthcare providers. To address this issue, this study aimed to develop a concise framework to support the management of database-indicated interaction risks.

Methods: A grounded theory approach was used to design, evaluate and develop the framework.

Incorporating diagnostic testing into economic evaluations of tumour-agnostic therapies.

Introduction: Tumor-agnostic treatments represent paradigm shift in oncology, targeting specific genetic mutations irrespective of the tumor's anatomical origin. This personalized approach relies on companion diagnostic testing to identify patients likely to respond to treatment. However, incorporating molecular diagnostics poses challenges to healthcare systems, particularly regarding costs and accessibility.

Diffusion along the perivascular space influenced by handedness and language lateralisation.

The DTI-ALPS (diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space index) has been tested in several diseases, but a limited number of studies are available in healthy normal populations. Given that some of the examined diseases show asymmetric features (e.g.

Investigating the impact of endemic mosquitoes and invasive Aedes species on the circulation of Dirofilaria nematodes.

Background: Mosquito-borne pathogens represent a growing challenge driven by environmental changes and the spread of invasive Aedes mosquitoes. Among pathogens endemic in Europe, Dirofilaria nematodes are of particular concern due to the increasing number of human infections. To understand their zoonotic potential, we aimed to assess the prevalence of filarioid nematodes in mosquitoes and reveal the potential vector species, considering their feeding behavior.

Irony comprehension in first-degree relatives of patients with bipolar affective disorder - a preliminary fMRI study.

Introduction: Mentalization or Theory of Mind (ToM) is crucial for interpreting social situations and understanding others' beliefs and intentions. Irony comprehension, which involves constructing a coherent narrative from contradictory information, is linked to ToM. This study examines first-degree relatives of individuals diagnosed with bipolar I disorder to determine if irony comprehension and its neural correlates can serve as endophenotypic markers for bipolar disorder.

Impact of finish line designs on the adaptation of ceramic fixed dental prostheses: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Insufficient marginal and internal adaptation can lead to secondary caries, pulp infection, periodontal disease, and tooth loss. This network meta-analysis (NMA) assessed the impact of various finish line designs on the marginal and internal adaptation of ceramic fixed dental prostheses.

Methods: In vitro studies were conducted comparing the adaptation of full-ceramic fixed dental prostheses with various preparation designs (chamfer, shoulder, rounded shoulder, and vertical).

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide mediates bacterial endotoxin-induced fever via an effect on cyclooxygenase-2 and inflammatory cytokines.

A role for pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) signaling was suggested in bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced fever, but the underlying mechanisms of how PACAP contributes to the febrile response have remained unclarified. We administered LPS (120 µg/kg, intraperitoneally) to mice with the Pacap gene either present (Pacap) or absent (Pacap) and measured their thermoregulatory responses, serum cytokine levels, and tissue cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. LPS-induced fever was attenuated in Pacap mice compared to their Pacap littermates from ~ 120 min postinfusion.

Combined use of microscopic and molecular techniques to detect aquatic microorganisms in drowning-related cases and exploring the risk factors over a 6-year period (2018-2023) in Hungary.

Drowning is one of the leading causes of unintentional injury deaths. To deepen the comprehension of drowning epidemiology in our retrospective study, we analyzed 263 drowning cases across 12 distinct counties of Hungary in a six-year period. The epidemiological data of our study showed many similarities to other countries worldwide, except for the age distribution among drowning victims.

Intentions to leave the job and nursing profession among nurses in Kenya's referral hospitals: exploring the effects of organizational culture, work-related stress and job satisfaction.

Background: Kenya's healthcare system, like many in Low- and Middle-Income Countries, is grappling with a severe shortage of nurses, yet experiences continuous mass exodus and high turnover. While understanding, and early suppression of nurses' job and professional turnover intentions is crucial for tackling this crisis, there are limited studies conducted in Kenya focusing on major predictors of nurse turnover intentions, including organizational culture, work-related stress and job satisfaction. This study therefore aimed to fill this gap.

The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on frontal alpha asymmetry and visuospatial attention in food-reward contexts: a triple-blind randomized sham-controlled study.

Background: Research indicates a connection between right frontal brain activity dominance and the inhibitory system. However, the underlying brain mechanism regarding attentional control remains unclear. In this preregistered experiment, we explored the association between frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) - which is an electrophysiological measure of the difference in alpha power between the left and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex - and the behavioral and brain activity components of attentional bias and disengagement, as observed in a visuospatial cueing (VSC) task.

SPAD dynamics in maize crop with precision nitrogen management under rain-fed and irrigated conditions.

Real-time monitoring of canopy chlorophyll content is crucial for understanding crop growth and guiding precision agricultural management. The SPAD chlorophyll meter is a valuable tool for assessing nitrogen status in maize (Zea mays L.), a key cereal crop used for food, feed, and biofuels.

PGC-1 alpha overexpression in the skeletal muscle results in a metabolically active microbiome which is independent of redox signaling.

In this study, we investigated the potential relationship between the mitochondrial network and the microbiome using wild-type and skeletal muscle-specific PGC-1α (Pparg coactivator 1 alpha) overexpressing mice, both with and without exercise training. Basal PGC-1α levels were significantly higher in the skeletal muscle (J Physiol Biochem 80:329-335, 2024. https://doi.

Integrated approach of extreme learning machines and locally weighted linear regression for improved discharge coefficient prediction.

Accurate determination of the discharge coefficient (Cd) is essential for calculating discharge over side weirs. The current study aims to enhance the prediction accuracy of Cd for rectangular sharp-crested side weirs by addressing the limitation of the output layer of the Extreme learning machine (ELM). The output layer of ELM depends mainly on the linear system which limits its generalization capabilities.

Evaluation of different spectral indices for wheat lodging assessment using machine learning algorithms.

Wheat lodging is a recurrent phenomenon that significantly affects grain yield and impedes the harvesting efficiency. Therefore, the precise and rapid assessment of wheat lodging is crucial in minimizing its impact on grain yield and quality. Recently few studies related to machine learning based wheat lodging have been reported; however, the literature still lacks comprehensive assessments of machine learning algorithms for wheat lodging over Indian agricultural fields.

Glucose homeostasis and cognitive functions in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Schizophrenia is a lifelong mental disorder associated with cognitive dysfunctions. Comorbid metabolic dysregulations, such as diabetes and insulin resistance, may further deteriorate cognitive functions. It is therefore essential to investigate the effects of these metabolic disturbances on cognition in this population.

Cross-cultural data on romantic love and mate preferences from 117,293 participants across 175 countries.

Psychological studies on close relationships have often overlooked cultural diversity, dynamic processes, and potentially universal principles that shape intimate partnerships. To address the limited generalizability of previous research and advance our understanding of romantic love experiences, mate preferences, and physical attractiveness, we conducted a large-scale cross-cultural survey study on these topics. A total of 404 researchers collected data in 45 languages from April to August 2021, involving 117,293 participants from 175 countries.