Intraoperative renal and cerebral tissue oxygen saturation measurements to predict postoperative acute kidney injury in pediatric cardiac surgery: a prospective observational study.

Purpose: Pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery are at risk of developing postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI). We hypothesized that a reduction in intraoperative renal (SrO) or cerebral (ScO) tissue oxygen saturation is associated with postoperative AKI.

Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study including fifty pediatric patients with non-cyanotic heart disease undergoing elective surgical repair with cardiopulmonary bypass.

Sex-specific outcomes after transcatheter or surgical treatment of aortic valve stenosis: the DEDICATE-DZHK6 trial.

Background And Aims: Aortic stenosis may be managed differently in women and men, but evidence remains limited. Sex-specific characteristics and outcomes of low- to intermediate-risk patients assigned to transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) from the DEDICATE-DZHK6 trial are described.

Methods: The DEDICATE-DZHK6 trial demonstrated non-inferiority for the primary outcome of all-cause death or stroke at 1 year.

Clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential and mortality in coronary artery disease.

Background And Aims: Clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) has been associated with cardiovascular risk, but its prognostic relevance and mechanistic role in coronary artery disease (CAD) remains incompletely understood. This study investigated the association between CHIP and all-cause mortality in CAD and explored the cellular and molecular mechanisms, focusing on TET2 mutations.

Methods: Targeted deep sequencing of 13 CHIP driver genes in 8612 patients with angiographically confirmed CAD was performed.

Delivery and delay of guideline pharmacological, psychological, and social interventions for adults with complex psychosis in Dutch inpatient rehabilitation units: A retrospective study.

Background: People with complex psychosis admitted to inpatient mental health rehabilitation units (IMRU) constitute a low volume, high need, high cost group with a complicated recovery process.

Aims: To generate hypotheses regarding successful delivery of guideline care to patients with complex psychosis in IMRUs, based on clinical profiles and (historical) patterns of care delivery.

Method: A retrospective passive consent chart study of patients with complex psychosis in IMRUs in The Netherlands, mapping sociodemographic and clinical profiles, care trajectories and delivery of pharmacological (focusing on clozapine delay), psychological and social guideline interventions.

DNA methylation profile to aid in the diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and its role in disease progression.

There is no immunohistochemical or molecular marker to confirm the histologic diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This is particularly important in a scenario of unknown primary. Molecularly, PDAC is characterized by a limited set of driver mutations, and new predictive and prognostic markers are needed to guide novel therapies.

Development and Implementation of an Open, Modular, and Participatory Toolchain for Distributed IT Development in Healthcare Research - Lessons Learned.

Introduction: Distributed healthcare research infrastructures face significant challenges when translating routine clinical data into harmonized, research-ready formats using HL7 FHIR standards.

State Of The Art: Existing FHIR-based pipelines such as the SMART/HL7 FHIR Bulk Data Access API, FHIR-to-OMOP mappings, and analytical services like Pathling demonstrate technical feasibility. However, most assume semantically valid FHIR data, operate within single-institution settings, and lack practical guidance for deployment across heterogeneous, regulated environments.

ECG Synthesis and Utility Analysis - A Diffusion Model Based Approach.

Introduction: With the growing demand for privacy-preserving healthcare solutions, the generation of synthetic electrocardiograms (ECGs) offers a valuable alternative to using real patient data.

Methods: In this study, we present the adaptation of the SSSD-ECG diffusion model to generate high-quality synthetic 12-lead ECGs for Sinus Rhythm/Normal and Atrial Fibrillation (AF) conditions using 10-second recordings from the 12-lead MIMIC-IV ECG dataset.

Results: We validate the utility of the generated ECGs through downstream classification tasks, with models trained on synthetic ECG features achieving an F1-score of 0.

GeMTeX's De-Identification in Action: Lessons Learned & Devil's Details.

Introduction: In 2024, the GeMTeX project launched the largest ever de-identification campaign for German-language clinical reports, and, as a pilot study, published GraSCCoPHI, the first de-identified German-language gold standard corpus of synthetic discharge summaries.

Methods: GeMTeX's de-identification workflow is described here - including annotation tool management and, pre-annotation experience, such as assembling and training annotation groups and the evolution of guidelines.

Results: We present the project's progress in the first year with respect to de-identification efforts and the challenges we faced during the rollout at six hospital sites in four German states.

Whole Exome Sequencing on FHIR: Towards Adoption in Clinical Practice for Precision Oncology Pipelines.

Introduction: Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) promises to open a new range of personalized treatments due to breaking the limits of former panel-based methods of molecular analysis. While the methodology is well established and already included in clinical practice, data standardization is still lacking and potentially limiting implementation of machine-based data processing due to a lack of syntactic and semantic interoperability. The HL7 FHIR standard provides the mechanisms to retain interoperability while being sufficiently flexible to accommodate semantic concepts.

Consent Management 2.0: Empowering Patient Will in Medical Research and Care.

Introduction: The lawful processing of health data in medical research necessitates robust mechanisms for managing patient consent and objections, aligning with national and european regulations. While the initial version of the HL7 standard Consent Management" primarily focused on opt-in scenarios, evolving legal landscapes and practical implementation challenges highlight the need for comprehensive solutions encompassing both opt-in and opt-out approaches, including withdrawals and objections. This paper details the systematic revision of the latest HL7 FHIR-based "Consent Management 2.

Dental Implants in Medically Compromised Patients Undergoing or After Receiving Anti-Resorptive or Radiotherapy: Retrospective Clinical and Radiographic Data.

Objective And Aim: A retrospective study to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes of dental implants placed in compromised patients who have undergone antiresorptive therapy (AR) or head and neck radiotherapy (IR).

Material And Methods: Dental implant placement was evaluated in compromised patients undergoing or after receiving AR/IR therapy following specific preventive measures: antibiotic prophylaxis (2 days before and 5 days after surgery) and primary wound closure with submerged healing for 4 months. The primary outcome was implant survival during the observation period.

Risk of colorectal cancer by family history of both colorectal carcinomas and colorectal polyps: a nationwide cohort study.

Background: The increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) associated with family history of both colorectal in situ or invasive carcinomas (Stage 0 to IV) and colorectal polyps is attributed solely to family history of CRC, resulting in an underestimation of the actual risk. We aimed to assess the association between overall and early-onset CRC (EOCRC) risk and family history of both colorectal carcinomas and polyps.

Methods: We conducted a nationwide cohort study leveraging Swedish family-cancer datasets with follow-up from 1964 to 2018.

Excessive reassurance-seeking and anxiety among Chinese new urban older adults: the role of attention to negative information and resilience.

Background: Policy-driven relocation of older adults from rural to urban areas in China is a significant stressor that often exacerbates anxiety. The mechanisms through which excessive reassurance seeking (ERS) heightens anxiety in this population remain poorly understood.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 301 relocated older adults (aged 60-89 years; 52.

Predicting the indication for adjuvant radiation therapy according to EAU guidelines among patients with high-risk prostate cancer: a novel multivariable model.

Background: To develop a novel model for preoperatively predicting the indication for adjuvant radiation therapy after radical prostatectomy according to current guideline recommendations of the European Association of Urology (EAU) based on patient and clinical tumor characteristics in high-risk prostate cancer patients.

Methods: Within a high-volume center database (01/2010-08/2024), we identified high-risk prostate cancer patients. Univariable logistic regression models addressed indication for adjuvant radiation therapy.

The Indo-European Cognate Relationships dataset.

The Indo-European Cognate Relationships (IE-CoR) dataset is an open-access relational dataset showing how related, inherited words ('cognates') pattern across 160 languages of the Indo-European family. IE-CoR is intended as a benchmark dataset for computational research into the evolution of the Indo-European languages. It is structured around 170 reference meanings in core lexicon, and contains 25731 lexeme entries, analysed into 4981 cognate sets.

Paternal prepubertal passive smoke exposure is related to impaired lung function trajectories from childhood to middle age in their offspring.

Introduction: Paternal prepubertal passive smoke exposure may increase the risk of childhood asthma. However, its association with impaired lung function trajectories at risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in offspring was not investigated. We assessed the association between paternal prepubertal passive smoke exposure and lung function from childhood to middle age in their offspring.

Study protocol: neonatal colonisation and infection with in very immature preterm infants born <29 weeks of gestation (NEO-CONSCIOUS) - a prospective multicentre study assessing early life colonisation rates and potentially associated adverse outcomes.

Introduction: Preterm infants, particularly those born before 29 weeks of gestation, are at increased risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and other complications of prematurity. Substantial evidence suggests that respiratory tract colonisation with species significantly contributes to pulmonary inflammation, impaired lung function and subsequent lung disease especially in very immature infants. Moreover, exposure has been implicated in the pathogenesis of other inflammation-related sequelae of prematurity.

Non-pharmacological interventions for delirium in critically ill children: a scoping review.

Objectives: Delirium is one of the most common forms of acute cerebral dysfunction in critically ill children, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. The aim was to identify studies describing or evaluating non-pharmacological interventions to prevent or treat paediatric delirium.

Design: Scoping review.

Communication about personal values of patients with advanced lung cancer in the hospital: results of a mixed-methods study.

Background: Guidelines recommend to discuss the treatment and care goals of patients with advanced cancer in alignment with their values and preferences, yet this approach is often not adequately implemented in hospitals. To explore the personal values of patients with metastatic lung cancer and how they communicate them to physicians, a mixed-methods study was conducted at a German University Lung Cancer Center.

Methods: The study included quantitative data from 66 patients with metastatic lung cancer using the Human Values Scale, a group comparison after propensity score matching with the German cohort from the 9th European Social Survey, semi-structured in-depth interviews (n = 17), qualitative content analysis, and integration of the data using side-by-side display.

Orthopaedic physicians' awareness, diagnostic challenges and referral barriers in axial spondyloarthritis: insights from a nationwide survey in Germany.

Background: Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory disease primarily affecting the spine and sacroiliac joints, potentially leading to pain, stiffness and disability. Despite diagnostic advances, delays persist. Orthopaedic physicians, often the first specialists consulted for back pain, play a crucial role in early detection and referral to rheumatologists.

Non-viral HCC miRNA profiling reveals miR-1972 as a potential positive prognostic marker.

Background & Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third deadliest cancer worldwide. Its high mortality is primarily attributed to late-stage diagnosis. While mutations in driver genes, such as those encoding β-catenin (CTNNB1), tumor protein p53 (TP53), and telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter (TERTp) are well-documented in the literature, dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs that serve as crucial translational regulators, remains poorly understood.

Fungating testicular germ cell tumours: Case report and narrative review of clinical presentation and management strategies.

Fungating testicular germ cell tumours represent a rare and extreme manifestation of neglected testicular cancer. These cases typically arise after significant delays in presentation, reflecting advanced local disease and, in many instances, concurrent metastatic spread. We present the case of a 41 year-old man with a year-long history of a progressively enlarging, ulcerated scrotal mass.

DNA-encoded library screening uncovers potent DNMT2 inhibitors targeting a cryptic allosteric binding site.

DNMT2 (TRDMT1) is a human RNA methyltransferase implicated in various disease processes. However, small-molecule targeting of DNMT2 remains challenging due to poor selectivity and low cellular availability of known -adenosylhomocysteine (SAH)-derived ligands. In this study, a DNA-encoded library (DEL) screen identified five non-SAH-like chemotypes that selectively bind DNMT2, including three peptidomimetics.

Clustering within a single-component biomolecular condensate.

Biomolecular condensates (BMCs) are assemblies of hundreds to many thousands of macromolecules within cells that are organized without physical barriers. Condensate function is dictated not only by its molecular composition, but also by substructural organization and molecular mobility. One hypothesis for the onset of multiple protein aggregation diseases is that the increased densities of specific proteins within BMCs promotes the formation of solid inclusions.