Mapping the structural changes of LCD-TDP43 during the liquid-liquid phase separation by different spectroscopic platforms.

A comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying the Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation (LLPS) pathway of LCD-TDP43 remains a challenge in the context of its neuropathogenesis. The primary driving force behind the TDP-43 LLPS is the interplay of hydrophobic interactions reinforced by aromatic residues. This study presents a novel, convenient, sensitive, and probe-free approach using excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence to monitor the microenvironment of aromatic residues and π-π stacking interactions during different stages of the LLPS pathway.

The Role of Pioglitazone as a Ferroptosis Inhibitor in Mitigating Radiation-Induced Damage in Testicular Tissue of Mice.

Introduction: Radiation targets cancer but risks causing infertility by damaging sensitive testes, especially spermatogonia. This study investigates IR-induced testicular damage and assesses PGZ's potential protective role as a ferroptosis inhibitor.

Material & Methods: In this study, Seventy-two BALB/c mice were randomly divided into eight groups: a control, PGZ (10, 20, and 30 mg/kg), IR (8 Gy), and IR+ PGZ (in three doses).

Effect of restricted feeding and refeeding on the compensatory growth and serum metabolites of juvenile Siberian sturgeon ().

During the rearing period, fish may be exposed to fasting due to low or high temperatures, transportation, handling, and other stressors, while they may catch-up the growth differently after supplying the feed. The aim of this study was to investigate the compensatory growth (CG) response of juvenile Siberian sturgeon after restricted feeding. In the first phase (60 days), triplicate groups of fish were subjected to feed restriction (25%, 50%, and 75% of the amount needed to reach satiation, respectively) or satiation feeding (control) and in the second phase all treatment groups were fed to satiation for an additional 60 days.

Time-resolved analysis of UV-B-induced secondary metabolite biosynthesis and gene expression in L.

The medicinal plant is known for its rich secondary metabolite content, which plays a critical role in its therapeutic properties. This study investigates the impact of UV-B radiation on the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, including phenolic compounds, flavonoids, terpenes, carotenoids, and lycopene, as well as the expression of key biosynthetic genes (, , , , and ) in . Plants were exposed to UV-B radiation for 1 and 2 h, and metabolite content and gene expression were measured at intervals of 3, 6, 9, and 12 h post-exposure.

Cold plasma and green magnetic nanocomposite mitigate arsenic and nanoplastic toxicity in wheat plants by up-regulating enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants.

Soil and water contamination by heavy metals and nanoplastics poses a critical environmental challenge, threatening agricultural productivity and food safety. This study investigated a novel strategy to mitigate the combined toxicity of arsenic (As) and polymethyl methacrylate nanoplastics (PMMANPs) in wheat using cold plasma (CP) seed priming and a green-synthesized Ag/Zn/Fe nanocomposite (NC). A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was employed.

Toxicity and Detoxification Enzyme Inhibition in the Two-Spotted Spider Mite ( Koch) by L. Essential Oil and Its Major Monoterpenoids.

The two-spotted spider mite, , is one of the polyphagous pests of several crops and forestry, resistant to numerous conventional chemicals. Due to the negative side effects of harmful chemical pesticides, such as environmental pollution, and risks to human health, the introduction of effective and low-risk alternatives is essential. The promising pesticidal effects of essential oils (EOs) isolated from have been documented in recent studies.

Stress detection through prompt engineering with a general-purpose LLM.

Advancements in large language models (LLMs) have opened new avenues for mental health monitoring through social media analysis. In this study, we present an iterative prompt engineering framework that significantly enhances the performance of the general-purpose LLM, GPT-4, for stress detection in social media posts, leveraging psychologist-informed hints. This approach achieved a substantial 17% accuracy improvement from 72% to 89% for the January 2025 version of GPT-4, alongside an 80% reduction in false positives compared to baseline zero-shot prompting.

Does long-term captivity affect the biocontrol potential of the predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii? A decade of surveillance using different populations.

Assessing biological differences among predatory species populations is crucial, especially for those maintained long-term in captivity. This study compared three Amblyseius swirskii populations: Koppert-new, Koppert-old (kept for 10 years in the laboratory), and Biobest-new. Demographic traits of two populations (Koppert-old and Biobest-new) were evaluated using natural prey (Tetranychus urticae and Trialeurodes vaporariorum) and alternative diets (Carpoglyphus lactis and mixed pollen).

Highly Sensitive SOI-TFET Gas Sensor Utilizing Tailored Conducting Polymers for Selective Molecular Detection and Microbial Biosensing Integration.

We present a highly sensitive and selective gas sensor based on an advanced silicon-on-insulator tunnel field-effect transistor (SOI-TFET) architecture, enhanced through the integration of customized conducting polymers. In this design, traditional metal gates are replaced with distinct functional polymers-PPP-TOS/AcCN, PP-TOS/AcCN, PP-FE(CN)/HO, PPP-TCNQ-TOS/AcCN, and PPP-ClO/AcCN-which enable precise molecular recognition and discrimination of various target gases. To further enhance sensitivity, the device employs an oppositely doped source region, significantly improving gate control and promoting stronger band-to-band tunneling.

A Monte Carlo simulation of gamma-ray backscattering from concrete shields coated with nanoparticle layers.

In recent years, nanocomposite shields have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional lead ones, with rapidly growing applications in medical and industrial sectors. Although the scattering characteristics of nanocomposite shielding materials have been widely investigated, their backscattering behavior remains unexplored in scientific studies. Therefore, obtaining accurate measurements of gamma photon backscattering is essential for evaluating the effectiveness of nanomaterials in radiation shielding.

Genome-wide identification and characterization of the universal stress protein (USP) gene family in the AC genome of Brassica species.

Universal Stress Proteins (USPs) are widely distributed across various organisms and play a crucial role in survival under stress conditions. As environmental stresses become more severe, understanding the role of USPs in developing stress-resistant plants has gained increasing importance. In this study, we identified 231 USP-coding genes in the genomes of Brassica napus (BnUSP1-BnUSP115), B.

Synthesis, molecular docking, pharmacological evaluation, MD simulation, and DFT calculations of quinazolin-12-one derivatives as PDK1 inhibitors.

3-Phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1(PDK1) is a vital kinase in cellular signaling that regulates growth and survival, playing a crucial role in cancer by activating Akt within the PI3K/Akt pathway. Elevated PDK1 levels correlate with tumor progression and chemotherapy resistance, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target and biomarker. Schiff bases (SBs) are widely utilized as anticancer agents, as well as for antiviral, antipyretic, antimicrobial, antifungal, antiproliferative, and anti-inflammatory purposes.

Neural operator for observer gains and output-feedback control of coupled PDE-ODE systems.

This paper presents a novel data-driven framework for designing observers and controllers in coupled ODE-PDE systems of reaction-diffusion type. Leveraging the DeepONet architecture as a neural operator, the method directly approximates nonlinear mappings between function spaces, eliminating the need for analytical solutions of kernel equations. The observer is first constructed to estimate the system states, followed by the design of the controller based on the estimated states.

High-Protein Time-Restricted Eating Alongside Resistance Training Reduces Adipose Tissue While Preserving Fat-Free Mass in Women With Overweight: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Time-restricted eating (TRE), a subtype of intermittent fasting, has gained significant popularity in recent years. This dietary approach, when combined with resistance training (RT), has demonstrated potential benefits for body composition and physiological parameters.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of TRE and high-protein consumption on visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue, leptin, and ghrelin levels in young women with overweight engaged in RT.

Exosomal RNA biomarkers in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Pancreatic cancer is a highly lethal malignancy, ranking tenth in incidence among all cancers and standing as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the diagnostic performance of exosomal biomarkers for detecting pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). A total of 1,666 records were identified through comprehensive searches in Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed.

Comparative efficacy of regular and slow-release GnRH in inducing spawning in Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer).

This study aimed to identify the most effective hormone treatment for artificial breeding of Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer) by comparing two delivery methods of GnRH hormone: regular release (R) versus slow-release (SL). SAIB-PC-based SL-GnRH was developed for sustained delivery. The 20 µg/kg R treatment achieved 100 % spawning success (P < 0.

Effects of a warm-up program on jump-landing pattern and lumbopelvic function in female basketball players with dynamic knee valgus.

Dynamic knee valgus (DKV), commonly observed during functional movements, is recognized as a key biomechanical factor contributing to the risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Given its importance in injury prevention, this study aimed to investigate the effects of a warm-up program on jump-landing pattern and lumbopelvic function in female basketball players exhibiting dynamic knee valgus. The present study employed a quasi-experimental design.

Computational screening of walnut (Juglans regia) husk metabolites reveals Aesculin as a potential inhibitor of pectate lyase Pel3: Insights from molecular dynamics and τRAMD.

Pectate lyase (Pel3), an enzyme derived from bacteria, plays a significant role in the degradation of pectin and contributes to the spoilage of agricultural products. Pel3 can bind to pectin and break it down, a process that accelerates food decay. Aesculin, a natural compound extracted from walnut husk, has been recognized for its antibacterial and antifungal properties, making it a promising natural inhibitor.

Preparation and characterization of kaolin-[TMS]-NH C(NO) as a novel heterogeneous nano-catalyst and its use in the synthesis of imidazo[1,2-]pyrimidine and 1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-]pyrimidines.

This article presents a highly efficient and eco-friendly method for synthesizing imidazo[1,2-]pyrimidines and 1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-]pyrimidines using a novel nano-catalyst, kaolin-[TMS]-NH C(NO) , under solvent-free conditions. The catalyst was thoroughly characterized by FT-IR, XRD, TGA, EDX, FESEM, TEM and BET, by combining these techniques, the catalyst's structural integrity, composition, morphology, porosity, and thermal stability were thoroughly validated, making it suitable for high-temperature catalytic applications. The method offers exceptional efficiency, achieving product yields of 92-98% within remarkably short reaction times, significantly outperforming conventional approaches.

Tree-based attributes of large trees more effectively regulate aboveground carbon stock than trait-based ones in temperate deciduous forests.

In forests, a few large trees (L-trees) versus small-medium trees (S-trees) are often considered the major reservoir of aboveground carbon stock (AGCS). Here, we hypothesize that tree species' functional strategies regulate AGCS by tree sizes in temperate deciduous forests across local scale environmental gradients. Using data from 99 plots, we modelled the multivariate effects of the tree-based (tree diversity, stand density and multidimensional tree size inequality) versus the trait-based (multi-trait diversity and single-trait dominance) attributes of L-trees versus S-trees, along topographic and soil conditions, to predict AGCS through four L-trees threshold size (i.

Triazoles synthesis using nanocatalyst triazine-pyrimidine-modified cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks.

This research introduces a recyclable and environmentally friendly catalyst, Co(BDC-NH)-TA-PY, for the efficient synthesis of triazoles the reaction of benzaldehydes, nitromethane, and sodium azide. The synthesis of Co(BDC-NH)-TA-PY was carried out through the post-synthetic modification of Co(BDC-NH), incorporating triazine-pyrimidine (TA-PY) functional groups. The key advantage of this catalyst lies in its dual functionality: the Lewis acidic sites of the Co(BDC-NH) metal-organic framework (MOF) are complemented by the Brønsted basic sites of the triazine and pyrimidine groups.

Expression of Dual Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac Genes Under Regulation of MPI Promoter Enhances Resistance to Tomato Fruit Borer (Helicoverpa armigera) in Tomato.

Genetic engineering provides the possibility of expressing pest-resistant genes in transgenic plants. The pyramiding gene in plants is suggested to be a sustainable method for addressing pest resistance. To enhance resistance to tomato fruit borer (Helicoverpa armigera), tomato plants were transformed by pPZPY122:MPI:cry1Ac and pPZPY122:MPI:cry1Ab recombinant constructs.

Phytochemical profile and antioxidant activity of Dracocephalum kotschyi boiss. affected by environmental conditions of cultivation regions.

Unlabelled: is a medicinal plant rich in antioxidant phytochemicals. Identifying the suitable cultivation region and evaluating the impact of environmental factors can help in choosing the best conditions for the commercial production of these herbs. The present study investigated the effect of different cultivation areas, Lasak (LSK), Saravarsu (SVS), and Sorkh Geriveh (SGV) on the glandular trichome density and phytochemicals of .

Computational studies on structural aspects of pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives as TRKA inhibitors in cancer therapy.

Tropomyosin receptor kinases (TRKs) play a crucial role in nerve development, and their dysregulation due to genetic alterations, such as NTRK fusions, has been linked to various cancers. Recently, TRKs have emerged as effective therapeutic targets. However, resistance to these therapies presents significant challenges.

Glutaraldehyde-crosslinked chitosan-graft-poly(N-hydroxyethyl acrylamide) films: Synthesis, characterization, and application as Fe adsorbent.

This study aimed to develop CS-g-PHEAA-GA films (G1-G9) by grafting poly(N-hydroxyethyl acrylamide) (PHEAA) onto chitosan (CS) and crosslinking with glutaraldehyde (GA), in order to investigate their Fe-binding capacity and hemocompatibility. The resulting films were evaluated for grafting yield (G%), pH-dependent swelling kinetic (at pH 3.2, 5, 7.