Comparison of Navier-Stokes and lattice Boltzmann solvers for subject-specific modelling of intracranial aneurysms.

Modelling cardiovascular disease is at the forefront of efforts to use computational tools to assist in the analysis and forecasting of an individual's state of health. To build trust in such tools, it is crucial to understand how different approaches perform when applied to a nominally identical scenario, both singularly and across a population. To examine such differences, we have studied the flow in aneurysms located on the internal carotid artery and middle cerebral artery using the commercial solver Ansys CFX and the open-source code HemeLB.

Principles of Industry-Academic Partnerships Informed by Digital Mental Health Collaboration: Mixed Methods Study.

Background: Cross-sector collaboration is increasingly recognized as essential for addressing complex health challenges, including those in mental health. Industry-academic partnerships play a vital role in advancing research and developing health solutions, yet differing priorities and perspectives can make collaboration complex.

Objective: This study aimed to identify key principles to support effective industry-academic partnerships, from the perspective of industry partners, and develop this into actionable guidance, which can be applied across sectors.

Understanding and Addressing Challenges With Electronic Health Record Use in Gynecological Oncology: Cross-Sectional Survey of Multidisciplinary Professionals in the United Kingdom and Co-Design of an Integrated Informatics Platform to Support Clinical Decision-Making.

Background: Electronic health records (EHRs) are a cornerstone of modern health care delivery, but their current configuration often fragments information across systems, impeding timely and effective clinical decision-making. In gynecological oncology, where care involves complex, multidisciplinary coordination, these limitations can significantly impact the quality and efficiency of patient management. Few studies have examined how EHR systems support clinical decision-making from the perspective of end users.

Circadian Rhythm Disruption and Sleep Disorders in Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Potentials.

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia worldwide, with significant cognitive and behavioural impairments that devastate individuals and their families. Cohort-level findings, demonstrate the broader population-level implications of Sleep and Circadian Rhythm Disruption (SCRD) in AD and underscore the need for early interventions, emphasizing the importance of timely action. However, the mechanism remains unclear.

Azaisoindigo and Triphenylamine-Based Donor-Acceptor-Donor (D-A-D) Type Conjugated Small Molecule: Design, Photophysical Properties, and Organic Field-Effect Transistors.

A donor-acceptor-donor type π-conjugated small molecule, , having an oligoether-functionalized azaisoindigo unit as an acceptor and triphenylamine units as donor groups was designed and synthesized. Its opto-electrochemical properties and charge transport applications were investigated. demonstrated p-type transport behavior with a maximum carrier mobility of 0.

One Thousand Ears in 7 years-A Single Surgeon's Experience of Performing Otoplasty and Cosmetic Ear Surgery in Adults.

The majority of the literature contains outcomes of paediatric otoplasty with multiple surgeons' outcomes. However, to date, a single surgeon's case series numbering over 1000 adult cases in the same center has not been published. Cosmetic ear surgery in adults requires a completely different approach compared with children for the operating surgeon regarding assessment and technique.

Mechanotransduction mechanisms in human erythrocytes: Fundamental physiology and clinical significance.

The hallmarks of mechanosensitive ion channels have been observed for half a century in various cell lines, although their mechanisms and molecular identities remained unknown until recently. Identification of the bona fide mammalian mechanosensory Piezo channels resulted in an explosion of research exploring the translation of mechanical cues into biochemical signals and dynamic cell morphology responses. One of the Piezo isoforms - Piezo1 - is integral in the erythrocyte (red blood cell; RBC) membrane.

Perceived barriers to care and access to university mental health support services among first-year undergraduates: findings from the U-Flourish study.

Objective: Many students who need mental health support do not receive it. We examined associations between perceived barriers and university mental health service access. Participants: First-year Oxford University undergraduates ( = 443) with unmet mental health needs.

Effect of Samarium Doping on the Energy Storage Properties of Bismuth Sodium Titanate-Based Lead-Free Ceramics.

Lead-free electroceramics have attracted significant research interest as alternatives to lead-containing systems due to concerns related to lead's toxicity to human health and the environment. Solid solutions based on bismuth sodium titanate (BNT) and barium titanate (BT), particularly those with compositions near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB), such as 0.94 BiNaTiO-0.

Does a lifestyle-based intervention improve sleep quality in individuals with major depressive disorder? A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of global disability, contributing to substantial individual, social, and economic burdens. While antidepressant therapy remains the cornerstone of treatment, complementary lifestyle-based interventions, such as multimodal exercise and mindfulness, have shown promise in alleviating mood symptoms. However, their specific impact on sleep quality, a critical therapeutic target in MDD, remains underexplored.

Chronic Cough Hypersensitivity as a Neuropathic Disorder: Implications for Management and New Treatments.

Chronic cough can coexist with or without pulmonary and extrapulmonary conditions and can be refractory to therapies that improve these associated conditions. It is underlined by cough hypersensitivity, which is characterized by increased cough responses to stimuli that affect the airways and vagally innervated tissues as well as by excessive cough responses to innocuous stimuli, and it is caused by neuroinflammatory and neuropathic mechanisms at both peripheral and central levels. The management of chronic cough starts with exclusion of associated conditions, followed by use of neuromodulators and speech and language therapy.

Diuretic strategies in acute heart failure: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Aims: Several diuretic strategies, including furosemide iv boluses (FB) or continuous infusion (FC), are used in acute heart failure (AHF).

Methods And Results: We systematically searched phase 3 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) evaluating diuretic regimens in admitted AHF patients within 48 hours and irrespective of clinical stabilization. We calculated the odds ratio (OR) of FC or FB plus another diuretic (sequential nephron blockade, SNB) compared to FB alone on 24-hour weight loss (WL) and worsening renal function (WRF), with a random-effects model with inverse variance weighting.

Planar Optical Antenna-Driven Brightness Enhancement of Interface-Confined Hexagonal Boron Nitride Single-Photon Arrays for Scalable Room-Temperature Quantum Chips.

While hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) hosts promising room-temperature quantum emitters for hybrid quantum photonic circuits, scalable deterministic integration and insufficient brightness alongside low photon collection and coupling efficiencies remain unresolved challenges. We present a femtosecond laser nanoengineering platform that enables the site-specific generation of hBN single-photon source (SPS) arrays. First-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations and polarization-resolved spectroscopy confirm the atomic origin of emission as interfacial defects at hBN/SiO heterojunctions.

Investigating audience preferences within the hybrid competitive-comedic format of taskmaster UK.

Background: Hybrid entertainment formats combining competitive and comedic elements present opportunities to investigate factors driving audience engagement. I analyzed Taskmaster UK (2015-2023), a BAFTA-winning comedy panel show where comedians compete in creative tasks judged by a host, to quantify relationships between scoring mechanics, performer characteristics, and viewer ratings.

Methods: I analyzed 154 episodes encompassing 917 tasks performed by 90 contestants, with audience reception measured through 32,607 IMDb votes.

Narrow-linewidth monolithic topological interface state extended laser with optical injection locking.

Narrow-linewidth lasers are essential for coherent optical applications, including communications, metrology, and sensing. Although compact semiconductor lasers with narrow linewidths have been demonstrated, achieving high spectral purity generally necessitates passive external cavities based on photonic integrated circuits. This study presents a theoretical and experimental demonstration of a monolithic optical injection locking topological interface state extended (MOIL-TISE) laser.

Differential modulation of movement speed with state-dependent deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease.

Subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) provides unprecedented spatiotemporal precision for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD), allowing for direct real-time state-specific adjustments. Inspired by findings from optogenetic stimulation in mice, we hypothesized that STN-DBS can mimic dopaminergic reinforcement of ongoing movement kinematics during stimulation. To investigate this hypothesis, we delivered DBS bursts during particularly fast and slow movements in 24 patients with PD.

Experiences of Social Relationships for Adults Living With Multiple Long-Term Conditions: A Qualitative Interview Study.

Background: Social relationships are important for self-management and outcomes of multiple long-term conditions (MLTC). Previous research indicates MLTC negatively impacts social relationships and people living with MLTC do not feel adequately supported to manage their health. However, there is limited understanding of the processes and contextual factors that influence social relationships in the context of MLTC.

Robotic hybrid ablation with novel epicardial electrophysiological mapping: Impact on atrial fibrillation therapy.

We report the first use of the EnSite X system for intraoperative electrophysiological mapping during a robotic hybrid ablation (ROK-AF procedure) for long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation. Epicardial ablation targets were identified, and post-ablation electrical silencing was validated. Unlike conventional systems, its orientation-independent omnipolar technology provides directional activation vectors, high-resolution electrograms, and peak frequency analysis, thereby enhancing substrate characterisation.

Distinct cerebellar networks underpin clinical improvement in adolescent Tourette disorder.

Adolescence is frequently called the second brain maturation period. In Tourette disorder (TD), the clinical trajectory of tics and associated psychiatric co-morbidities vary significantly across individuals during the transition from adolescents to adulthood. In this study, we aimed to identify patterns of resting-state functional connectivity that differentiate adolescents with TD from their neurotypical peers, and to monitor symptom-specific functional changes over time.

Off-the-Shelf Large Language Models for Guiding Pharmacoepidemiological Study Design.

This study aimed to assess the ability of two off-the-shelf large language models, ChatGPT and Gemini, to support the design of pharmacoepidemiological studies. We assessed 48 study protocols of pharmacoepidemiological studies published between 2018 and 2024, covering various study types, including disease epidemiology, drug utilization, safety, and effectiveness. The coherence (i.

Predicting the future risk and outcomes of severe heart failure and coronary artery disease with machine learning in the UK Biobank Cohort.

Background: In order to seriously impact the global burden of heart failure (HF) and coronary artery disease (CAD), identifying at-risk individuals as early as possible is vital. Risk calculator tools in wide clinical use today are informed by traditional statistical methods that have historically yielded only modest prediction accuracy.

Methods: This study uses machine learning algorithms to generate predictions models for the development and progression of severe HF and CAD.

AmpliconTyper - a tool for analysing ONT multiplex PCR data from environmental and other complex samples.

Amplicon sequencing is a popular method for understanding the diversity of bacterial communities in samples containing multiple organisms as exemplified by 16S rRNA sequencing. Another application of amplicon sequencing includes multiplexing both primer sets and samples, allowing sequencing of multiple targets in multiple samples in the same sequencing run. Multiple tools exist to process the amplicon sequencing data produced via the short-read Illumina platform, but there are fewer options for long-read Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) sequencing, or for processing data from environmental surveillance or other sources with many different organisms.

Navigating Challenges in Peer Support Work: Perspectives of Peer Supporters From a Stepped Care Intervention for Older Adults With Depressive Symptoms.

Background: Serving as peer supporters in later life has been linked to a greater sense of purpose and meaning in life. How the wisdom of older adults could be leveraged to improve the implementation of peer support work, however, has rarely been considered. We aimed to examine the perspectives of peer supporters in this study, including the challenges they encountered in practice and the strategies they developed to navigate their roles.

Accessing Care Across Cultures: Qualitative Insights Into the Reality of Informal Caregivers From Ethnically Minoritised Groups.

Introduction: There remains limited research exploring the experiences of informal carers from ethnically minoritised groups, particularly to illustrate perceptions of caring roles and challenges they may face to address unmet needs. While barriers such as language, cultural expectations and discrimination are acknowledged in wider literature, little is known about how these influence caregiving experiences or access to services in practice. This work seeks to better describe the barriers and facilitators impacting carers from ethnically minoritised groups, as well as illustrate possible influences of culture and carer identity affecting this under-researched population.

Endogenous viral elements in termite genomes reveal extensive diversity of deltaviruses and provide insights into their origins.

Deltaviruses are subviral agents of animals, which, in humans, require a hepadnavirus helper for transmission. The absence of deltavirus-like endogenous viral elements (δEVEs) has prevented an understanding of their evolution in deep time. By screening the representative genomes of all metazoans for endogenous delta antigen-like sequences, we report the discovery of 13 δEVEs in the genomes of five species of termites.