Increased social differences, loneliness, and sleep deprivation among undergraduate nursing students in Norway, when writing their bachelor's thesis during the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative study.

Objectives: The outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 resulted in closed universities, digital teaching and restricted social contact. The students may encounter psychological stress and worries about their careers ahead, and some may experience feelings of doubt and helplessness while studying. Little is known about this closure's impact on undergraduate nursing students writing their bachelor's theses.

Sami patients in northern Norway experience longer symptoms duration before psoriatic arthritis diagnosis and have more axial involvement.

Objectives: To compare Sami and non-Sami patients with PsA in northern Norway, where both the human antigen HLA-B27 and psoriasis are prevalent, particularly among the Sami population.

Methods: A total of 536 adult PsA patients were recruited from the Norwegian Arthritis Registry and hospitals in northern Norway. All participants met the Classification Criteria for Psoriatic Arthritis.

Need equality and access equity to assistive products across genders and locations in 29 countries: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Evidence from nationally representative assistive product studies on needs equality and access equity is essential for effectively targeting measures by health and other services to improve access to assistive products. This multi-country study explored equality regarding the need for and equity regarding access to assistive products across genders and locations.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed aggregated self-reported data from 24 nationally and five sub-nationally representative surveys in countries with Human Development Index (HDI) ranging from 0.

A Cross-Sectional Comparison of Annual Training Characteristics Between Junior, Developmental, and Elite-Level Biathletes.

Purpose: To compare annual training characteristics and periodization of physical training and shooting between junior, developmental, and elite-level biathletes.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional design was used to compare 24 biathletes (12 women) equally distributed across the Norwegian junior (JUN, 20.3 [1.

Psychological factors beyond the SMART2 model for predicting recurrent events in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease patients.

Background: Guidelines recommend using cardiovascular (CV) risk prediction models to support treatment decisions. Psychological factors such as depression, anxiety, and insomnia may affect CV risk.

Aim: Evaluating the added value of psychological factors on top of the SMART2 model for estimating 10-year risk of recurrent CV events in patients with atherosclerotic CV disease.

Identification of Orbital Pumping from Spin Pumping and Rectification Effects.

The recently predicted mechanism of orbital pumping can enable the generation of pure orbital current from a precessing ferromagnet (FM) without the need for electrical current injection. This orbital current can be efficiently injected into an adjacent nonmagnetic material (NM) without being hampered by electrical conductivity mismatch. However, experimentally identifying this novel effect presents significant challenges due to the substantial background contributions from spin pumping and spin rectification effects (SREs).

Whole Genome Sequencing Reveals How Plasticity and Genetic Differentiation Underlie Sympatric Morphs of Arctic Charr.

Salmonids have a remarkable ability to form sympatric morphs after postglacial colonisation of freshwater lakes. These morphs often differ in morphology, feeding and spawning behaviour. Here, we explored the genetic basis of morph differentiation in Arctic charr (n = 283) by first establishing a high-quality reference genome and then using this in whole genome sequencing of distinct morphs present in two Norwegian and two Icelandic lakes.

Persistent Genomic Erosion in Whooping Cranes Despite Demographic Recovery.

Integrating in-situ (wild) and ex-situ (captive) conservation efforts can mitigate genetic diversity loss and help prevent extinction of endangered wild populations. The whooping crane (Grus americana) experienced severe population declines in the 18th century, culminating in a collapse to ~20 individuals by 1944. Legal protections and conservation actions have since increased the census population from a stock of 16 individuals to approximately 840 individuals, yet the impact on genomic diversity remains unclear.

Effect of ultrasound pre-treatments before enzymatic hydrolysis on physicochemical, nutritional and functional properties of insoluble protein fractions obtained from Atlantic mackerel side streams.

This study investigated the impact of ultrasound (US) pre-treatment before enzymatic hydrolysis on physicochemical, nutritional, and functional properties of insoluble protein fractions obtained from fish side streams after filleting of Atlantic mackerel (heads, backbones, fins, tails and trimmings). Four fractions were analyzed: a control without US-treatment and US-treated samples at 300 W, 450 W, and 600 W. The results showed that ultrasonication significantly increased total protein content in insoluble protein fraction after the treatment at 300 W.

Agreement between children with neurodevelopmental disorders and their primary caregivers on participation: attendance, involvement, and perceived important activities.

Purposes: To investigate item-level agreement between children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) and their primary caregivers regarding perceived participation attendance and involvement, and identify differences in their selections of the important activities to children.

Materials And Methods: The participants included 143 children with NDD aged 6 to 12 years and their primary caregivers ( = 130). Each completed the Picture My Participation (PmP) separately.

Age distorts the interpretation of FIB-4.

Objectives: To determine whether the diagnostic accuracy of the liver fibrosis marker FIB-4 and the likelihood ratios (LRs) of specific FIB-4 values vary with age.

Methods: We used a published dataset of 540 patients diagnosed with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Liver biopsy showed no or early fibrosis in 391 patients, and advanced fibrosis in 149.

Molecular Insights into the Interaction between CD147 and the SARS-CoV‑2 Spike Protein.

Cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147), a transmembrane glycoprotein, has been identified as a potential auxiliary receptor for the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (SP), contributing to COVID-19 infection. However, the detailed binding characteristics of this interaction remain unclear. Here, we characterized SP-CD147 binding using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS) under varying contact times and temperatures.

Changes in use of radiotherapy for lung cancer - A Norwegian population-based study from 2000 until 2020.

Background: Radiotherapy (RT) is an important treatment modality for cancer. It requires significant resources, building facilities takes time, and planning of the capacity is essential to offer RT to all patients in need. There have been considerable advances in lung cancer management, especially medical treatment, and survival the last decades, which might impact the need for RT.

Optimal movement decisions in complex landscapes.

Understanding and predicting optimal movement decisions in complex and dynamic landscapes requires identifying the mechanisms driving movements, beyond correlations or simple energetic trade-offs between costs and gains. This is increasingly important as human activities transform landscapes at unprecedented rates, altering environmental predictability. As a result, animals must continually relearn and adapt to transformed, often degraded, environments, with consequences for their movement and fitness.

Family history of fracture and fracture risk: a meta-analysis to update the FRAX® risk assessment tool.

Unlabelled: In the largest meta-analysis of international cohorts to date, a family history of fracture is confirmed as a significant BMD-independent predictor of future fracture risk. Parental and sibling histories of fracture carry the same significance for future fracture, including the impact of family hip fracture on future hip fracture risk.

Purpose: We have undertaken a meta-analysis of international prospective cohorts to quantify the relationship between a family history of fracture and future fracture incidence.

Male Sex, Masculinization, Sexual Orientation, and Gynephilia Synergistically Predict Increased Sexual Jealousy.

A robust, cross-cultural sex difference is typically found in jealousy responses to reveal emotional versus sexual infidelity. The only factor that seems to moderate this sex difference is sexual orientation, with male heterosexuals conspicuously reporting the greatest distress to sexual infidelity. Attempts at considering additional effects of psychological feminization and masculinization on jealousy responses have proven less reliable.

Effects of guest molecular occupancy and electric field on thermal conductivity of CO2 hydrates.

CO2 hydrate technology plays a pivotal role in carbon dioxide capture/storage, gas separation, and natural gas recovery from natural gas hydrates, while simultaneously serving as a cost-effective phase-change material for thermal energy storage. The thermal transport characteristics of CO2 hydrates are of particular importance in these promising applications. Here, the role of CO2 molecular occupancy and external electric fields on the thermal conductivity (κ) of sI-type CO2 hydrates is explored using equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations.

Estimating overall survival of glioblastoma patients using clinical variables, tumor size, and location.

Background: Accurate prognosis of glioblastoma is crucial for better-informed treatment decisions, potentially leading to improved disease management. We investigated whether clinical variables, tumor size, and location, can serve as prognostic factors.

Methods: A retrospective, multicenter study enrolled 1318 adult patients with histopathologically confirmed glioblastoma undergoing first-time surgery, with survival censored for 188 patients.

Long-Term Outcome of Idiopathic Increased Femoral Anteversion in 58 Untreated Individuals at a Mean Age of 46.2 Years.

Background: Increased femoral anteversion is a common problem in children, but the condition usually normalizes spontaneously over time. There is limited knowledge of the long-term consequences of persistently increased anteversion. The purpose of this study was to analyse the long-term functional complaints of untreated adults with idiopathic increased anteversion compared with a control group.

Non-Linearity in Development of Dynamic Balance Repertoire in Middle Childhood.

The current understanding of balance development in middle childhood is predominantly from static postural tasks, in which a typical finding is a linear pattern. A paucity of studies, however, have examined the development of dynamic balance. Thus, we investigated how 354 girls and boys aged 7-10-years-old crossed a river on a wide or narrow plank in virtual reality, while their movement strategies were measured.

Retinopathy of Prematurity and Neurodevelopmental and Quality-of-Life Outcomes at 10 Years of Age.

To evaluate, in a cohort of children born extremely preterm, the hypothesis that increasing severity of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is associated with less optimal vision, neurodevelopmental outcomes, and parent-reported quality of life.The Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborn study is a multicenter, longitudinal cohort study. Study participants were born before 28 completed weeks of gestation during the years 2002 to 2004 and were enrolled at birth at 14 U.

Utilizing the synergistic biophysical and biogeochemical processes to estimate the impacts of forest landscape characteristics on land surface temperature and carbon stock in southern China.

Forest landscape degradation leads to the deterioration of ecological processes and adverse climate impacts. Although individual biophysical (BPH) and biogeochemical (BGC) effects of forest change are relatively well-studied, their synergistic interactions and combined influences of the forest landscape on climate remain complex and not fully understood. The potential impact of forest landscape patterns on land surface temperature and carbon stock using highly reliable satellite observations and climate models was assessed.

Blue and fin whales in the Northern Mariana Islands: Their call characteristics and occurrence.

Many baleen whale vocalizations are species-, or even population-specific and can be used to monitor their occurrence. Although baleen whale occurrence has been well studied in parts of the Pacific Ocean, little is known about the seasonal distribution of blue and fin whales in the Western Pacific. Since 2010, a more concerted visual and acoustic survey effort has occurred around a very remote region of the western Pacific Ocean: the Northern Mariana Islands.

Assembling and Modeling Stacked Disordered Metasurfaces.

Disordered metasurfaces offer unique properties unattainable with periodic or ordered metasurfaces, notably the absence of deterministic interference effects at specific wavelengths and angles. In this work, we introduce a lithography-free nanofabrication approach to realize cascaded disordered plasmonic metasurfaces with submicrometer total thickness. We experimentally characterize their angle-resolved specular and diffuse reflections using the bidirectional reflection distribution function and develop accurate theoretical models that remain valid even at large incidence angles.