Blue Light Effect on Metabolic Changes in Induced Precocious Puberty in Rats.

Modern life, characterized by constant exposure to artificial light from electronic devices, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), disrupts the natural circadian rhythm and induces important metabolic changes. The impact of blue light exposure on male and female rat's onset of puberty, hormonal and biochemical parameters was assessed by comparison between the four study groups: the control group (CTRL) maintained under normal light conditions, the group exposed to blue light from a mobile phone (MP), the group subjected to blue light from a computer screen (PC), and the group exposed to blue light from an LED lamp (LED). Both female and male rats exposed to PC and LED failed to thrive, with a significantly lower body weight intake than the CTRL group.

Managing Cognitive Decline Through a Social Robot-Based Intervention: Protocol for the engAGE Proof of Concept and Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Dementia is challenging society in terms of the quality of life, the costs of health care systems, and caregivers' burden. Dementia is often preceded by a status of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), during which a healthy lifestyle and cognitive therapy seem to be effective in counteracting the decline.

Objective: The engAGE (Managing Cognitive Decline Through Theatre Therapy, Artificial Intelligence, and Social Robot-Driven Interventions) project aimed to build a technological platform to counteract cognitive decline in older adults with MCI through both cognitive therapy and lifestyle management.

Mission-Critical Services in 4G/5G and Beyond: Standardization, Key Challenges, and Future Perspectives.

Mission-critical services (MCX) comprise a standardized suite of capabilities including Mission-Critical Push-to-Talk (MCPTT), MCVideo, and MCData, designed to meet stringent requirements for availability, reliability, latency, security, and Quality of Service (QoS). These services are essential for public safety, emergency response, and other critical infrastructure domains, where communication performance directly affects operational effectiveness. Integration into 4G and 5G mobile networks, supported by targeted standardization efforts, has extended broadband capabilities to mission-critical environments.

Accuracy of Analog and Digital Full-Arch Mandibular Impressions: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation.

Accurate full-arch impressions are crucial for predictable prosthodontic outcomes. While intraoral scanners (IOSs) are increasingly adopted, evidence comparing their accuracy with conventional analog impressions across full mandibular arches-particularly under both laboratory and clinical conditions using an objective intraoral reference-is limited. Our study aims to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo accuracy of digital impressions compared to conventional methods in full-arch scans using an intraoral reference tool.

Desquamative Gingivitis Revisited: A Narrative Review on Pathophysiology, Diagnostic Challenges, and Treatment.

: Desquamative gingivitis (DG) is a clinical term used to describe gingival conditions marked by erythema (unrelated to dental plaque), epithelial desquamation, and various intraoral lesions, with occasional extraoral involvement. It is typically linked to a range of underlying diseases. : A narrative literature review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library, searching with keywords like "oral dysplasia", "oral mucosa lesions", or "desquamative gingivitis".

Updates on the Advantages and Disadvantages of Microscopic and Spectroscopic Characterization of Magnetotactic Bacteria for Biosensor Applications.

Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB), a unique group of Gram-negative prokaryotes, have the remarkable ability to biomineralize magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) intracellularly, making them promising candidates for various biomedical applications such as biosensors, drug delivery, imaging contrast agents, and cancer-targeted therapies. To fully exploit the potential of MTB, a precise understanding of the structural, surface, and functional properties of these biologically produced nanoparticles is required. Given these concerns, this review provides a focused synthesis of the most widely used microscopic and spectroscopic methods applied in the characterization of MTB and their associated MNPs, covering the latest research from January 2022 to May 2025.

Machine learning-based drug-drug interaction prediction: a critical review of models, limitations, and data challenges.

Background/objectives: New computational methods, based on statistical, machine learning, and deep learning techniques using drug-related entities (e.g., genes, protein bindings, etc.

Influence of RF Power on Structural and Corrosion Properties of Sputter-Deposited CrN Films.

This study examines the deposition of chromium nitride (CrN) films on 304 stainless steel (304SS) substrates using radio-frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering, with RF power varied from 20 to 160 W in an argon atmosphere. The structural, topographical, and corrosion resistance properties of the films were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electrochemical polarization measurements. Employing the atomic force microscope, morphological characteristics of CrN films under constant conditions using Minkowski Functionals were analyzed.

A Complete Solution for Ultra-Wideband Based Real-Time Positioning.

Real-time positioning is a technological field with a multitude of applications, which expand across many scopes: from positioning within a large area to localization within smaller spaces; from locating people to locating equipment; from large-scale industrial or military applications to commercially available solutions. There are at least as many implementations of real-time positioning as there are applications and challenges. Within the domain of Radio Frequency (RF) systems, positioning has been approached from multiple angles.

In Vivo Biocompatibility Assessment of a Novel Cyanoacrylate-Polylactic Acid Hemostatic Patch.

Although cyanoacrylate-polylactic acid (CA + PLA) patches shorten the time to hemostasis after partial hepatectomy, their long-term biocompatibility remains uncertain. We compared the 5-month histopathological footprint of a novel CA + PLA patch (Study group) with a licensed fibrinogen/thrombin matrix (TachoSil group) and electrocautery (Control group). Thirty-three male Wistar rats underwent a 3 × 1.

A reliable approach for identifying acute lymphoblastic leukemia in microscopic imaging.

Leukemia is a deadly disease, and the patient's recovery rate is very dependent on early diagnosis. However, its diagnosis under the microscope is tedious and time-consuming. The advancement of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in image classification has enabled new techniques in automated disease detection systems.

A Comprehensive Review on Sensor-Based Electronic Nose for Food Quality and Safety.

Food quality and safety are essential for ensuring public health, preventing foodborne illness, reducing food waste, maintaining consumer confidence, and supporting regulatory compliance and international trade. This has led to the emergence of many research works that focus on automating and streamlining the assessment of food quality. Electronic noses have become of paramount importance in this context.

Optimization of Protein Extraction from Sunflower Meal Using Taguchi Design and Regression Modeling for Human Nutrition Applications.

In response to the growing demand for sustainable protein sources, this study explores the valorization of sunflower meal-a by-product of oil extraction-as a protein-rich ingredient suitable for human nutrition. The aim was to optimize the extraction process and assess the nutritional and safety profile of the resulting protein flour. Mechanical stirring, ultrasound-assisted, and CO-assisted extraction methods were evaluated, with mechanical stirring selected for optimization due to its scalability and energy efficiency.

Can YOLO Detect Retinal Pathologies? A Step Towards Automated OCT Analysis.

Optical Coherence Tomography has become a common imaging technique that enables a non-invasive and detailed visualization of the retina and allows for the identification of various diseases. Through the advancement of technology, the volume and complexity of OCT data have rendered manual analysis infeasible, creating the need for automated means of detection. This study investigates the ability of state-of-the-art object detection models, including the latest YOLO versions (from v8 to v12), YOLO-World, YOLOE, and RT-DETR, to accurately detect pathological biomarkers in two retinal OCT datasets.

Exercises Based on a Non-Immersive Virtual Reality Application for Upper Limb Rehabilitation.

Virtual reality (VR) technologies have gained increasing attention in the field of physical rehabilitation due to their potential to enhance patient engagement and provide adaptive, feedback-rich environments. In this study, we report on the development and preliminary evaluation of a VR-based rehabilitation application aimed at improving upper extremity function, including muscle strength, endurance, and joint mobility. The application delivers a structured set of interactive exercises designed to support recovery through engaging, gamified tasks with real-time performance feedback and scalable difficulty levels.

The Biomedical Limitations of Magnetic Nanoparticles and a Biocompatible Alternative in the Form of Magnetotactic Bacteria.

Nanotechnology has an increasing impact and a great potential in various biological and medical applications. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) stand out for their unique properties, a reason why they have a varied spectrum of applicability in different sectors of activity; in this paper we focus on the medical field. Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) are a group of Gram-negative prokaryotes that migrate in one direction or another under the influence of an external magnetic field and are a category of microorganisms that constitutively perform the biomineralization of magnetic nanoparticles in the cytoplasm.

Bio-Inspired Approaches-A Leverage for Robotics.

The field of bio-inspired approaches (also known as biomimetics or biomimicry) is a design approach whereby a product or process is inspired by elements of nature, such as plants or animals [...

Modeling drug retention as memory effects in obese patients using fractional and augmented models.

Lipophilic anesthetic drugs accumulate in adipose tissue, leading to delayed release and prolonged effects, particularly in obese patients. This study proposes two novel physiologically motivated pharmacokinetic (PK) models to address these dynamics. The first is an augmented model with a trap compartment to simulate retention, and the second is a fractional-order model using Partial-Caputo derivatives to capture memory effects.

Relations Between the Printability Descriptors of Mortar and NMR Relaxometry Data.

Concrete printing technologies play a key role in the modernization of construction practices. One factor that mitigates their progress is the development of standards and characterization tools for concrete during printing. The aim of this work is to point out correlations between some printability descriptors of mortars and the data obtained from low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry techniques.

Sensitivity of Line-of-Sight Estimation to Measurement Errors in L-Shaped Antenna Arrays for 3D Localization for In-Orbit Servicing.

The sensitivity analysis of line-of-sight estimation to measurement errors in the L-shaped antenna array contributes to the deeper understanding of how the measurement errors affect a 3D localization system aimed to be used in the next generation of inter-satellite links. First, the proposed 3D localization model in the Cartesian coordinate system is given, where, for simplicity, the origin of the coordinate system is the origin of the L-shaped antenna array. The proposed localization method relies on three measurements: range measurement and line-of sight angles with the x- and y-axis, respectively.

High-Temperature Tensile Performance of Fused Filament Fabricated Discontinuous Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polyamide.

Fused filament fabrication of thermoplastic composites has grown exponentially owing to its efficiency, thereby meeting numerous engineering demands. However, these materials have limitations owing to their structural vulnerability to elevated temperatures. To address this drawback, this study aims to investigate the tensile behavior of 3D-printed composites in a broad thermal domain from ambient temperature to the crystallization point.

Comorbidity and temporal associations between mental disorders among college students in the world mental health international college student initiative.

Background: Mental disorders are highly prevalent among students worldwide. This study aims to examine comorbidity and temporal associations between mental disorders among students.

Methods: The study included 72,288 students from 18 countries as part of the World Mental Health International College Student (WMH-ICS) Initiative, with cross-sectional data collected between 2017 and 2023.

Comprehensive Physicochemical and Biological Analysis of Hydroxyapatite/Dextran Powders before and after Immersion in Kokubo Solution.

Understanding the behavior of biomaterials under physiological conditions is essential for the development of new materials for implants and bone regeneration. This study addresses the critical need to evaluate how exposure to simulated body fluid (SBF) affects hydroxyapatite (HAp) and dextran-coated hydroxyapatite (HApDx) nanoparticles, which are widely considered for biomedical applications due to their bioactivity and biocompatibility. Structural, morphological, and surface property changes induced by SBF immersion were systematically investigated for the first time using advanced characterization techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), FT-Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and fractal and Minkowski functional analyses.

Pharmacokinetic modelling during long-term anesthesia: minimizing the gap.

Introduction: Surgical procedures exceeding six hours and intensive care for traumatic injuries often require prolonged general anesthesia, commonly maintained via induced coma. Similar protocols are used for COVID-19 patients under mechanical ventilation. These conditions pose challenges such as tissue drug accumulation and overdose risk.

A 3D-Printed Anatomical Pancreas Model for Robotic-Assisted Minimally Invasive Surgery.

The paper presents the design, manufacturing, and evaluation of a 3D-printed pancreas phantom model used for preoperative surgical planning and surgical training. Several manufacturing and design alternatives have been explored, leading to the final solution, which consisted of a transparent 3D printed elastic shell of the pancreas, resulting in an empty volume that was filled with a custom hydrogel to ensure an anatomically realistic behaviour. Additionally, specific vascular structures were printed using elastic material and specific colours.