Bio-inspired synthesis and bio-activity of ruthenium nanoparticles from Tridax procumbens (Dagadi Pala) leaf extract.

Herein, ruthenium nanoparticles (RuNPs) were synthesized using Tridax procumbens leaf extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The synthesis was optimized by adjusting temperature, leaf extract concentration, and reaction time. The synthesized RuNPs were characterized using UV-visible, XRD, EDAX, FTIR spectroscopy, SEM, and TEM, revealing uniform size and morphology.

2D-1D Self-Assembly of Water Delaminated Co-Fe-LDH Nanosheets and CNTs via Exfoliation-Restacking Approach for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

Developing efficient, sustainable, earth-abundant, cost-effective electrocatalysts is extremely challenging. Cobalt-iron-layered double hydroxide nanosheets (Co-Fe-LDH NSs) hybridized with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) lead to anchors Co-Fe-LDH-CNTs (CFC) self-assembly with a mesoporous morphology, expanded surface area, fast charge transfer kinetics, and high electrical conductivity. The resultant anchored CFC nanohybrid is highly active for electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER), showing a lower overpotential of 221 and 313 mV at a current density of 10 and 25 mA cm, respectively, compared to pristine Co-Fe-LDH (339 and 391 mV), showcasing the significant role of CNTs in improving the electrocatalytic performance of pristine Co-Fe-LDH.

Comprehensive Analysis of Bioactive Peptides From Spleen Amaranth (Amaranthus dubius) and Multi-Functional Bioactivity Evaluation.

Amaranthus dubius, commonly known as spleen amaranth, is a valuable nutritional source rich in protein, vitamins, and minerals, especially in regions such as India. This study investigated the protein content of leaves, stems, and seeds, with the seeds showing the highest protein concentration. Protein isolates from seeds were enzymatically hydrolyzed using proteolytic enzymes.

Characterization and potential novel applications of zinc-based traditional medicine, Yashad Bhasma.

Background: Yashad Bhasma (YB), the incinerated metal ash of zinc, has been used for centuries in Ayurveda to address a variety of conditions, including eye diseases, diabetes mellitus, anemia, respiratory illnesses, etc. OBJECTIVE: This research aimed to synthesize and characterize YB and to evaluate its potential antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-angiogenic activities.

Materials And Methods: In this study, YB is synthesized by optimizing the traditional method.

Facile design of MOF-derived porous CeO/MWCNT nanocomposites for the hydrogen evolution reaction and machine learning-assisted stability forecasting.

Applying porous electrocatalysts in electrochemical water splitting (ECWS) represents a highly effective approach to enhancing catalytic performance. In this context, MOF-derived metal oxides with controlled morphologies are considered promising candidates for advanced electrochemical studies. This study focuses on the synthesis of cerium oxide (CeO) nanostructures derived from a cerium-based MOF, specifically Ce-1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (Ce-BTC), through thermal decomposition.

High-Throughput Quantification of Pesticide Residues in Complex Matrix (Chilli Powder) Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry: Inter- and Intra-Day Validation.

Background: Chilli powder is a widely consumed spice, however during cultivation of chilli crops are often subjected to pesticide treatments to control pests and diseases. Thus, monitoring pesticide residues in such matrices is crucial for food safety and to comply with national as well as international regulations for export/import purposes. However, accurate analysis of pesticide residue in chilli powder is challenging due to its complex nature.

The 2S albumin-like protein from Amaranthus disrupts insect metabolism and triggers antibiosis.

Background: Insect pests cause significant crop losses globally, prompting a need for sustainable control strategies. While chemical pesticides are effective, their environmental impact has increased interest in plant-derived alternatives. Plants produce defensive proteins, including those that inhibit insect digestive enzymes.

Synergistic ternary MnO/(rGO@Ag) nanocomposites for sensitive electrochemical dopamine detection.

The development of high-performance electrochemical sensors is vital for the accurate and sensitive detection of neurochemicals such as dopamine (DA), a critical biomarker for neurological disorders. In this study, we report the fabrication of a novel ternary nanocomposite (MRA-10), composed of MnO nanosheets (NSs), silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The nanocomposite was synthesized a hydrothermal process followed by sonochemical integration and applied as a sensing layer on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE).

Physicochemical Characterization, Drug Release, Stability, and Cytotoxicity of Cross-Linked Curdlan-Based Nanosponges for α-Amyrin and Higenamine Delivery.

Objectives: Michigan cancer foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast-cancer cells are recognized for their resilience against conventional chemotherapy drugs and apoptosis-triggering agents. Nanosponges (NSs) have emerged as promising drug-delivery systems in cancer therapy because of their ability to encapsulate and deliver therapeutic agents efficiently. The aim of this study was to establish the combined beneficial anticancer impacts of NSs alpha-amyrin (AMY) and higenamine (HGN) on MCF-7 breast-cancer cells.

Annealing-Driven Modifications in ZnO Nanorod Thin Films and Their Impact on NO Sensing Performance.

This research examines the effect of annealing temperature on the growth orientation of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods and its subsequent influence on NO gas sensing efficiency. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods were synthesized using the chemical bath deposition method, followed by annealing at 300, 400, and 500 °C. Diffraction analysis confirmed that both non-annealed and annealed ZnO nanorods crystallize in a hexagonal wurtzite structure.

Purification and Characterization of Non-hemolytic Fibrinolytic Protease From Newly Isolated Proteus penneri SP 20.

The most common cause of cardiovascular diseases which impact blood arteries is thrombosis. Current medications and protein-based treatments are examples of thrombolytic agents. Finding new enzymatic sources is essential in health difficulties because all of these agents have unfavorable side effects.

A novel nanocatalyst praseodymium oxide (PrO) for the efficient and sustainable synthesis of chromene derivatives ultrasound irradiation in an aqueous hydrotropic medium.

The development of sustainable and efficient catalytic methods for organic synthesis is a key focus in green chemistry. In this study, we report for the first time the novel application of praseodymium oxide (PrO) as a nanocatalyst for the eco-friendly synthesis of 2-amino-3-cyano-7-hydroxy-4-chromenes. The hydrothermal synthesis of praseodymium oxide (PrO) nanoparticles was performed, and their structural studies were conducted using FTIR, XRD, TGA-DTA, SEM, EDX, BET, and TEM analysis.

Studies on glucose detection using graphene quantum dots prepared by hydrothermal method.

The increasing number of diabetic patients is a critical global challenge and monitoring of glucose level in blood via simple technique is of great importance. With this motivation, we have synthesized Graphene Quantum Dots (GQDs) for the detection of glucose. GQDs have significantly impacted the different fields of applications of bioengineering, pharmaceuticals, biomedicine, biosensors, fuel, energy, etc.

Titano-magnetite nanoparticles for supercapacitors and magnetic hyperthermia performance.

This study investigates the dual functionality of titano-magnetite (TiFeO) nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized via a green approach for both magnetic hyperthermia and energy storage applications. Spherical TiFeO NPs with an average crystallite size of 10-15 nm were successfully synthesized using pomegranate fruit shell extract as a natural reducing and capping agent. The synthesized NPs exhibited superparamagnetic behavior, with a saturation magnetization value of 32.

Landscape of cancer associated EpCAM mutations: molecular modeling, predictive insights and impact on patient survival.

Background: EpCAM (epithelial cell adhesion molecule) is a key regulator of epithelial cell-cell adhesion, signal transduction, tissue regeneration, and serves as a stem cell marker. It is frequently overexpressed in epithelial cancers and is linked to tumor progression, survival, and metastasis. However, the functional impact of EpCAM mutations in cancer remains poorly understood.

Stock portfolio optimization using hill climbing and simple human learning optimization algorithms as a decision support system.

The goal of this research is to develop a decision support system for stock portfolio optimization using hill climbing and SHLO algorithms based on fundamental analysis of stocks. Portfolio optimization involves constructing a portfolio that maximizes returns while minimizing risk. The novelty in methodology is 'hybridizing' nature-inspired algorithms for optimized portfolio selection with two independent modules: intrinsic value of stocks and financial health analysis.

Development of a glycine-modified iron oxide nanoparticle-electrochemical biosensor for specific detection of DNA.

This study presents a simple electrochemical DNA biosensor to accurately detect DNA. The biosensor uses glycine functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles (glycine@FeO) to capture DNA. The as-synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy, and created a sensitive electrode surface that produced strong electrochemical signals when DNA attached.

A Novel NbPO-CoFeO Hybrid Electrode Toward Enhanced Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion.

In this study, a novel NbPO-CoFe composite electrode synthesized through a two-step process combining hydrothermal growth and electrodeposition is reported. The resulting 3D architecture offers excellent conductivity, structural stability, and abundant electroactive sites due to the synergy between NbPO₅ nanorods and CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles, enabling efficient charge transport and enhance redox kinetics for bifunctional energy applications. Electrochemical evaluation reveals NbPO-CoFe has a high areal capacitance of 15.

Repurposing of quinine as an antifungal antibiotic: Identification of molecular targets in Candida albicans.

Quinine, a component of the bark of the cinchona tree, is commonly used to treat malaria. The present study focused on the identification of anti-Candida albicans activity of quinine and its mechanism of action. Quinine showed planktonic growth inhibitory activity at 0.

Machine Learning Drives a Path to Defect Engineering for Suppressing Nonradiative Recombination Losses in CuZnSn(S,Se) Solar Cells.

Recent kesterite developments encouraged researchers to use CuZnSn(S,Se) (CZTSSe)-based photoabsorber materials in diverse optoelectronic applications. However, the detrimental bulk and interface defects induced high carrier recombination at corresponding regions, stagnating further improvement in the performance of kesterite solar cells. In this work, a machine learning (ML)-guided strategy is employed to optimize the amount of germanium (Ge) incorporation to enhance the baseline performance of CZTSSe.

Nanoscale synthesis of nickel oxide@carboxy methyl cellulose@nitrogen doped carbon nanotubes supported metal organic frameworks ternary composite for use symmetric supercapacitor.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a novel class of porous materials that combine organic linkers and inorganic metal ions. Supercapacitors use a large specific surface area, adjustable architecture, and tunable porosity and pore diameters to improve the electrochemical performances with metal sulfides. The main goal of this study was to make a nickel oxide ternary composite using a hydrothermal method with urea as a catalyst for electrochemical uses.

Alkynyl-Iminopyridine-Based Trinuclear Ni(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), and Cu(II) Complexes: Structural, Electrochemical, Luminescence and Nonlinear Optical Properties.

A new series of alkynyl-functionalized trinuclear metal complexes, with the general formula [M₃(L/L)(Cl)₆] (M = Ni(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Cu(II)), were synthesized using alkynyl-functionalized iminopyridine ligands L and L. The complexes were characterized by various techniques, including FTIR, NMR, ESI-MS, UV-Vis, ESR, TGA, PXRD, and SEM. All synthesized complexes exhibit absorption in the visible region, primarily attributed to metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) and intra-ligand charge transfer (ILCT) transitions.

Preparation of Superhydrophobic PU@CuS via Electroless Plating and Its Application on Photothermal-Assisted Separation of High-Viscosity Crude Oil from Water.

Crude oil spills pose serious challenges due to low fluidity and high viscosity. Researchers are exploring a range of sustainable cleanup solutions, such as using heating components to reduce oil viscosity. Herein, an electroless plating technique was adopted for depositing copper sulfide (CuS) on a polyurethane (PU) sponge by a coordination strategy.

Speciation in the Peninsular Indian Flying Lizard (Draco dussumieri) Follows Climatic Transition and Not Physical Barriers.

Marked with high levels of endemism and in situ radiations, the Western Ghats mountains make for a compelling backdrop to examine processes that lead to the formation and maintenance of species. Regional geographic barriers and paleoclimatic fluctuations have been implicated as drivers of speciation, but their roles have not been explicitly tested in a phylogenomic framework. We integrated mitochondrial DNA, genome-wide SNPs and climatic data to examine the influence of geographic barriers and climatic transitions in shaping phylogeography and potential speciation in the Peninsular Indian Flying lizard (Draco dussumieri).

Controllable synthesis of semiconducting anatase TiO nanostructures for visible light driven photocatalytic degradation of crystal violet and methylene blue dye.

The colorant dyes represent significant sources of non-aesthetic contamination and have the potential to generate hazardous byproducts via processes such as oxidation, hydrolysis, or other chemical transformations. Consequently, it is imperative to eliminate them from the water before their introduction into the ecosystem. In this study, we have been synthesised anatase TiO photocatalyst by simple chemical co-precipitation method at low temperatures.