Effects of a Dialogic Book-sharing Intervention for Female Caregivers in Rural Tanzania (EDBiT): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Children in low- and middle-income countries face obstacles to optimal language and cognitive development due to a variety of factors related to adverse socioeconomic conditions. One of these factors is compromised caregiver-child interactions and associated pressures on parenting. Early development interventions, such as dialogic book-sharing (DBS), address this variable, with evidence from both high-income countries and urban areas of low- and middle-income countries showing that such interventions enhance caregiver-child interaction and the associated benefits for child cognitive and socioemotional development.

Pain, Agitation, Delirium, and Iatrogenic Withdrawal Syndrome Management in Children Who Are Critically Ill: Protocol for a European Clinical Practice Guideline Using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation Approach.

Background: In pediatric intensive care units, pain, sedation, delirium, and iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome (IWS) must be managed as interrelated conditions. Although clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) exist, new evidence needs to be incorporated, gaps in recommendations addressed, and recommendations adapted to the European context.

Objective: This protocol describes the development of the first patient- and family-informed European guideline for managing pain, sedation, delirium, and IWS by the European Society of Paediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care.

Cost-Effectiveness of In-Bed Cycling and Routine Physiotherapy for Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation.

Importance: The cost-effectiveness of adding early in-bed cycling to usual physiotherapy among adults receiving mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU) compared with usual physiotherapy alone is unknown.

Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of in-bed cycling plus usual physiotherapy compared with usual therapy alone in the Critical Care Cycling to Improve Lower Extremity Strength (CYCLE) randomized clinical trial.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This trial-based economic evaluation with a 90-day time horizon compared early cycling plus usual physiotherapy vs usual physiotherapy alone from a societal perspective.

Sustainable Antiparasitic Agents from an Agro-Industrial Waste: Mitochondria-Targeting Cashew Nutshell Liquid-Derived Phosphonium and Ammonium Salts.

Innovative, sustainable therapies are urgently needed for neglected vector-borne parasitic diseases. In this study, we leveraged cashew nutshell liquid (CNSL), an agro-industrial byproduct, to develop biobased phosphonium and ammonium salts (-) targeting parasite mitochondria. By combining CNSL-derived C8 alkyl chains with lipophilic cations, we synthesized novel compounds exhibiting highly potent and activity against and spp.

Collective fluctuations in the finite-size Kuramoto model below the critical coupling: Shot-noise approach.

The Kuramoto model, a paradigmatic framework for studying synchronization, exhibits a transition to collective oscillations only above a critical coupling strength in the thermodynamic limit. However, real-world systems are finite, and their dynamics can deviate significantly from mean-field predictions. Here, we investigate finite-size effects in the Kuramoto model below the critical coupling, where the theory in the thermodynamic limit predicts complete asynchrony.

Route to chaos in multi-species ecosystems.

We investigate species-rich mathematical models of ecosystems. While much of the existing literature focuses on the properties of equilibrium fixed-points, persistent dynamics (e.g.

A Systematic Evaluation of Wording Effects Modeling Under the Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling Framework.

Wording effects, the systematic method variance arising from the inconsistent responding to positively and negatively worded items of the same construct, are pervasive in the behavioral and health sciences. Although several factor modeling strategies have been proposed to mitigate their adverse effects, there is limited systematic research assessing their performance with exploratory structural equation models (ESEM). The present study evaluated the impact of different types of response bias related to wording effects (random and straight-line carelessness, acquiescence, item difficulty, and mixed) on ESEM models incorporating two popular method modeling strategies, the correlated traits-correlated methods minus one (CTC[M-1]) model and random intercept item factor analysis (RIIFA), as well as the "do nothing" approach.

Guidelines for meta-analyses and systematic reviews in urology.

In an effort to improve the quality of systematic reviews and meta-analysis in the clinical urology literature, a group of statisticians developed a set of guidelines to address common errors of analysis, reporting and interpretation. One key focus is the assessment and interpretation of between-studies heterogeneity. Application of the guidelines will help avoid 'cookie cutter science' and lead to more considered analysis and interpretation of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Metabolic biochemical models of N fixation for sulfide oxidizers, methanogens, and methanotrophs.

Dinitrogen (N) fixation provides bioavailable nitrogen to the biosphere. However, in some habitats (e.g.

Physiologically informed in vitro framework reveals context-dependent combinatory activity of niclosamide-colistin against Gram-negative bacteria.

Background: Synergy between antibiotic pairs is typically discovered using chequerboard assays that assume uniform, static drug exposure; however, such conditions rarely apply in vivo. Dynamic and heterogeneous tissue environments create spatial and temporal mismatches in drug exposure that can uncouple synergistic interactions, leading to unexpected treatment failure.

Objective: This study aims to develop a physiologically relevant in vitro model that integrates infection-site microenvironments and drug-specific pharmacokinetics.

Surgical Nurses' Perspectives on Low-Value Care and Non-Nursing Tasks: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Low-value care provides little or no benefit to patients, or its risk of harm outweighs the potential benefits. Non-nursing tasks refer to tasks performed by nurses below their scope of practice. With increasing pressure on the global nursing workforce, it is necessary to identify these concepts to deliver fundamental care.

Zn-Schiff Base Polymer Electrocatalytic HO Generation: Mechanistic Insights from Spectroscopy.

The production of HO via the two-electron pathway of ORR has been widely studied. We pioneered the use of a Zn-Schiff base conductive polymer nanorod as an electrocatalyst for HO production, leveraging the Schiff base's ability to enhance electron transfer and catalytic efficiency. This novel catalyst achieved an unprecedented >98% HO selectivity with >90% stability after 1000 h.

"Engineering Rifampicin-Encapsulated Inhalable Microparticles for Precision Tuberculosis Therapy: In Vivo Distribution and Therapeutic Evaluation".

Tuberculosis (TB) continues to cause significant global mortality, highlighting the need for improved drug delivery systems. The objective of this paper focuses in describing the formulation, optimization and in vivo assessment of rifampicin encapsulated PLGA microparticles for site-specific inhalation therapy. Microparticles for inhalation were produced by spray drying, and the DoE methodology was applied to reach the most suitable aerodynamic properties (mass median aerodynamics diameter (MMAD) 2.

Experiences of disrespect and abuse during childbirth in the World Health Organization European region: A mixed-method study among 22 countries.

Objective: Despite advancements in maternity quality care worldwide, mistreatment of women during childbirth persists. Currently, there is a gap of knowledge on the occurrence of disrespect and abuse during childbirth in the World Health Organization (WHO) European region.

Methods: Within the IMAgiNE EURO (Improving Maternal Newborn Care in the WHO European Region During COVID-19 Pandemic) study, women 18 years and older who gave birth in healthcare facilities in the WHO European region, were invited to complete an online validated questionnaire regarding quality of maternity care.

Micro-Strain Responsive Near-Infrared Mechanoluminescence for Potential Nondestructive Artificial Joint Stress Imaging.

Recently, joint replacement surgery is facing significant challenges of patient dissatisfaction and the need for revision procedures. In-situ monitoring of stress stability at the site of artificial joint replacement during postoperative evaluation is important. Mechanoluminescence (ML), a novel "force to light" conversion technology, may be used to monitor such bio-stress within tissues.

RELA Ablation Contributes to Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with TP53 Mutation and is a Potential Therapeutic Target.

TP53 mutations are highly associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a common and deadly cancer. However, few primary drivers in the progression of HCC with mutant TP53 have been identified. To uncover tumor suppressors in human HCC, a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9-based screening of primary human hepatocytes with MYC and TP53 overexpression (MT-PHHs) is performed in xenografts.

The Impact of Mini-Screws and Micro-Implants on Orthodontic Clinical Outcomes: An Umbrella Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: This umbrella meta-analysis aimed to answer the clinical question: Do mini-screws and micro-implants improve specific orthodontic outcomes such as intermolar width, interpremolar width, suture expansion, molar movement, and skeletal width compared to conventional anchorage methods?

Materials And Methods: A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar up to October 2024. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses on mini-screws and micro-implants in orthodontic treatment were included. Methodological quality was assessed using AMSTAR 2, and a random-effects model was used to calculate effect sizes (ESs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of diabetes-related ketoacidosis (DKA) in sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) users with type 2 diabetes.

Aim: Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) offer significant cardiorenal benefits for people with type 2 diabetes (PwT2D). However, concerns remain regarding their association with diabetes-related ketoacidosis (DKA). (1) To compare demographics, precipitating factors, biochemical features, management, and outcomes of acute DKA admissions between SGLT2i users (n = 267) and non-users (n = 793) with T2D.

Isolation, Purification, and Preparation of Taxinine-Loaded Liposomes for Improved Anti-Hepatocarcinogenic Activity.

Liver cancer is the fourth most deadly cancer worldwide, but existing treatment options are insufficient, thus highlighting the urgent need for new therapeutic agents. Taxanes, known for their anticancer properties, provide a promising avenue for intervention. In this study, a tetracyclic taxane compound with antitumor activity (taxinine) was extracted and isolated from Taxus chinensis (T.

EEG-ERnet: Emotion Recognition based on Rhythmic EEG Convolutional Neural Network Model.

Background: Emotion recognition from electroencephalography (EEG) can play a pivotal role in the advancement of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Recent developments in deep learning, particularly convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and hybrid models, have significantly enhanced interest in this field. However, standard convolutional layers often conflate characteristics across various brain rhythms, complicating the identification of distinctive features vital for emotion recognition.

Co-Loaded Nanoparticles of Empagliflozin and Rutin for Pancreatitis Prevention and Anticancer Activity.

Cancer treatment faces challenges like nonselective toxicity and drug resistance, prompting the need for innovative therapies. This study aimed to develop liposomal formulations for co-delivery of empagliflozin and rutin, evaluating their anticancer and antioxidant efficacy. PEGylated empagliflozin-loaded nanoliposomes (Empa-NLs) and empagliflozin-rutin co-loaded nanoliposomes (Empa-Rut NLs) were synthesized using the thin-film hydration technique.

Effect of Accreditation on Patient Safety Culture: Insights from a Brazilian Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: As healthcare organizations strive to improve the quality and safety of their services, there is growing recognition of the importance of fostering a patient safety culture to enhance patient safety and improve patient care outcomes. This study aims to evaluate healthcare professionals' perceptions of patient safety culture in accredited vs nonaccredited hospitals within a network of 68 hospitals in Brazil.

Methods: This cross-sectional, multicenter study included 68 hospitals from a private network.

Verteporfin Mitigates Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Hypertrophy by Attenuating IL-6/STAT3 in Cardiac Fibroblasts.

Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a major downstream nuclear coactivator of the Hippo pathway and is activated during myocardial hypertrophy. Verteporfin, a YAP inhibitor, may serve as a potential treatment for myocardial hypertrophy. This study was aimed at exploring the role and underlying mechanisms of verteporfin in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial hypertrophy both in vivo and in vitro.

Advancing a Research Agenda for Trauma-informed Care in Behavior Analysis.

Trauma-informed care (TIC) refers to the guiding principles that inform how organizations or individuals arrange services with respect to acknowledging both the prevalence and potential effects of trauma on the people they support. Discussions about TIC have become increasingly prevalent in applied behavior analysis in recent years, suggesting that the topic is relevant to both our science and practice. However, research evaluating the degree to which TIC values are embedded in applied behavior-analytic work, and the relative benefits and potential costs of doing so, has been lacking.

Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of in Immunocompromised Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

, an opportunistic protozoan parasite, poses significant risks to immunocompromised patients, including those with cancer, transplants, or on hemodialysis. The aim of this study was to determine the pooled prevalence of in immunocompromised individuals (cancer, transplant, and hemodialysis) and assess the associated risk factors compared to nonimmunocompromised controls. A comprehensive search of international databases was conducted for studies published up to October 18, 2024, focusing on cross-sectional and case-control studies that reported prevalence in immunocompromised patients.