Common Variable Immunodeficiency Disorder: A Decade of Insights from a Cohort of 150 Patients in India and the Use of Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict Severity.

Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by impaired antibody production and recurrent infections. In this study we investigated the clinical and immunological features of CVID in Indian patients and develops a machine learning model for predicting disease severity. We retrospectively analyzed 150 patients diagnosed with CVID over a decade at a tertiary care center in India.

Expert Consensus on Lifestyle Modifications in Hypertension Management: An Indian Perspective.

Hypertension, a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, requires effective management strategies to reduce morbidity and mortality. Lifestyle modifications are increasingly recognized as first-line interventions in managing hypertension, as they can significantly lower blood pressure (BP) and enhance overall cardiovascular health. This review synthesizes expert consensus on the role of lifestyle modifications, involving dietary changes, weight management, physical activity, and stress reduction, in the management and prevention of hypertension.

Bridging the Gap: Managing Hypertension in Indian Patients with Metabolic Syndrome.

Hypertension (HTN) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are highly prevalent conditions that significantly elevate the risk of cardiovascular (CV) diseases and mortality. The high burden of it in India and the lack of standardized management guidelines for the coexistent conditions exhibit the need for this consensus article. In this article, a modified Delphi approach was used to develop consensus statements.

Dilemma of solitary median onychodystrophy and the saving grace of onychoscopy.

Lichen striatus is long known to be a paediatric disorder of Blaschkoid skin papules, but recently it has been classified along with blaschkitis under Blaschko Linear Acquired Inflammatory Skin Eruption (BLAISE). Isolated nail involvement in lichen striatus is rare and when present, usually limits itself to involving the median or lateral nail, thus giving a hint. But when the median nail is involved, it causes a diagnostic dilemma and can be mistaken for median canaliform dystrophy or nail lichen planus.

Management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)-An expert consensus statement from Indian diabetologists' perspective.

In India, the increasing prevalence of diabetes and obesity poses a significant threat towards a surge in the incidence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Concomitant with the evolving guidelines, there is a need to direct and spread awareness among practicing diabetologists to identify and screen high-risk individuals for MASLD for timely management. Its asymptomatic nature and the evolving guidelines on diagnosis have hindered the precise estimates of MASLD in the high-risk group of individuals in a clinical setting.

Obesity Management Medications as Adjuncts to Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: Consensus Recommendations from India.

Obesity is a global health concern, with weight regain (WR) common after bariatric surgery. Clear guidelines on post-surgical medication use are essential. This expert consensus evaluates the role of obesity management medications (OMMs) in optimizing weight loss (WL) and preventing WR in individuals undergoing metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS).

Position Statement of ISCCM on Intrahospital Transport of Critically Ill Patients.

Background And Purpose: Intrahospital transport (IHT) of critically ill patients is essential for diagnostic and therapeutic indications, requiring thorough assessment and careful preparation of patients, staff, and equipment throughout the process. Variability in practices among hospitals can affect patient safety and may result in adverse events (AEs). This position statement is designed to provide guidance to multidisciplinary critical care teams in the adoption of evidence-based recommendations aimed at mitigating risks and improving safety during patient transport.

Incidence, Risk Factors, Microbiology and Outcomes of VAP at an NCU in India: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) remains a major challenge while managing ventilated critically ill patients in neurocritical care units (NCUs).

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective, single-center, observational study. All adult patients admitted to our NCU requiring mechanical ventilation (MV) for >48 hours were screened for VAP as per clinical pulmonary infectious score (CPIS) criteria.

Practices and diversities in plexus and peripheral nerve blocks: A survey.

Background And Aims: Regional anesthesia plays a crucial role in perioperative medicine, influencing both immediate and long-term outcomes. However, there is a lack of data regarding the utilization and practices of plexus and peripheral nerve blocks. We attempted to investigate the practices of plexus and peripheral nerve blocks using a validated questionnaire.

Assessment of Cardiac, Hepatic and Pancreatic Iron Overload in Transfusion Dependent Thalassemia Patients Using T2* Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

We planned to assess iron overload in young transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) patients with T2* MRI and correlate with serum ferritin. This study included young TDT patients aged 3 to 38 years on regular transfusion in a tertiary care facility from July 2017 to December 2018. T2* MRI was performed on all patients and correlated with serum ferritin values.

Salvage SABR for a locally recurrent prostate cancer post 125I seed brachytherapy and ADT failure.

Recurrences after LDR brachytherapy are known for prostate cancer. Second lines of treatment generally include surgery, cryotherapy, and androgen deprivation therapy. Re-irradiation is seldom prescribed as a treatment modality.

Optimizing Screening Strategies for Hypertension in India: A Consensus Statement.

Hypertension is a highly prevalent issue worldwide. The prevalence of underdiagnosed hypertension in India calls for the need for this consensus article, which aims to optimize screening strategies. In this article, a modified Delphi approach was used to develop consensus statements.

Beyond Amlodipine-The Case for S-amlodipine as the First Choice Calcium Channel Blocker: An Expert Opinion from India.

Background: Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) have been recommended as the first-line treatment option for the management of hypertension. Amlodipine has been used to treat hypertension over the past 3 decades. However, the chief limitation of amlodipine is pedal edema; it is associated with poor adherence to therapy.

Advances in radiotherapy in the treatment of esophageal cancer.

Recent advancements in radiotherapy for esophageal cancer have significantly improved treatment outcomes and patient quality of life. Traditional radiotherapy techniques have been enhanced by the integration of advanced imaging and precision targeting technologies, such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy and proton therapy, which allow for more accurate tumor targeting while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissues. Additionally, combining radiotherapy with immunotherapy has shown promising results, leveraging the body's immune response to enhance the effectiveness of cancer treatment.

Long-term safety and performance of the BioMime Morph sirolimus-eluting coronary stent system for very long coronary lesions in real-world settings.

Background: Long stents reduce the risk for in-stent restenosis associated with percutaneous coronary interventions in long, tapered coronary lesions.

Aims: The Morph India study investigated the long-term safety and clinical performance of the BioMime Morph sirolimus-eluting stent (SES), a tapered stent used for treating long coronary lesions.

Methods: This is a prospective, multicentre, single-arm, real-world, post-marketing surveillance study conducted among patients with long coronary lesions (length >26 mm to ≤56 mm, reference vessel diameter 2.

Guillain-Barré Syndrome: Investigating the Link between Rapid Urbanization and Rare Disease Outbreaks.

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare but common cause of acute flaccid paralysis globally. This syndrome, first described in 1916 by Georges Guillain, Jean Alexandre Barré, and André Strohl, has captured the interest of clinicians, researchers, and patients all over the world..

Romiplostim in Aplastic Anemia: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Background Acquired aplastic anemia (AA) is an immune-mediated hematopoietic disorder. It is characterized by pancytopenia and hypocellular bone marrow. The first-line treatment approach to AA includes immunosuppressive treatment (IST) using the combination of antithymocyte globulin (ATG) and cyclosporine A.

Report of an Extremely Rare Case of BRCA-Positive Head and Neck Cancer: A New Disease on the Horizon?

Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) to the neck nodes is rare and represents <5% of all head and neck malignancies. The prognosis is poor; hence, there is a need for early comprehensive diagnostic evaluation and management. A BRCA mutation is rarely seen in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with an incidence of only 5-10%.

Hospital-acquired Infections in the Adult Intensive Care Unit: Epidemiology, Resistance Patterns, and Risk Factors.

Introduction: Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are defined as infections that develop in the patient after being admitted to the hospital. The overall burden of HAIs is known to be higher in developing countries. The most common HAIs include ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI), surgical site infection (SSI), and catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI).

Salt Based or BaLanced SolUtion-Trends Existing in Indian Intensive Care Units: A Multicenter Prospective Observational Cohort Study (SOLUTE Study).

Introduction: Fluid administration is a commonly practiced intervention in the intensive care unit (ICU) with normal saline being the preferred fluid. We sought to understand the current practice of fluid administration and choice of fluids in Indian ICUs and its effect on renal outcomes.

Materials And Methods: The Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine (ISCCM)-endorsed multicenter prospective observational study was conducted on practice of fluid administration in critically ill patients between May 1, 2020, and January 31, 2023.

Evaluating temperature dynamics: a single-center prospective randomized pilot study of holmium versus thulium laser fiber for renal stones.

Background: We aimed to evaluate and compare the rise in the temperature for the safety of the kidney parenchyma on firing the Holmium: Yttrium Aluminium Garnet laser and the Thulium Fiber Laser during laser lithotripsy in humans.

Method: We included 30 pre-stented patients with renal calculi undergoing Retrograde intra-renal surgery. They were randomized into two groups - 15 patients underwent holmium laser lithotripsy and 15 patients underwent TFL laser lithotripsy.

Comparison of Temperature Changes Between Holmium-YAG Laser and Thulium Fiber Laser in an In Vitro Setting.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate and compare the rise in the temperature for the safety of the ureter and kidney parenchyma when firing the holmium laser and the thulium fiber laser (TFL).

Methods: We performed a laboratory experiment to measure the rise in temperature upon firing holmium laser and a TFL in a 10 cm3 transparent test tube in an outdoor environment and then in a container with normal saline.

Results: In a 10 cc test tube with static water at 25°C, the rise in temperature with holmium and TFL depends on the firing time, keeping power constant.

Identifying Drug Prescription in Newly Diagnosed Hypertension Patients in India.

This study evaluated initial antihypertensive drug prescription patterns in Indian healthcare settings. An observational, cross-sectional, prospective prescription registry analyzed prescriptions for 4723 newly diagnosed hypertension patients. Additionally, it investigated the extent to which physicians adhered to either European or Indian hypertension guidelines.