Protocol for a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial on the Effectiveness of Fluoride Varnish in Preventing Dental Caries Among Rural School Children in Namkum, Ranchi.

Background: Dental caries is a prevalent oral health issue among children, particularly in underserved rural areas. This cluster-randomized controlled trial aims to assess the effectiveness of fluoride varnish in preventing caries in first permanent molars among schoolchildren in Namkum, Ranchi.

Methods: A total of 600 children (6-7 years old) from 16 rural schools will be randomized into intervention (fluoride varnish) and control groups.

Antibacterial Activity, Phytochemical Analysis Leaf Extracts Against and Computational Studies to Screen Potential Drug Candidates.

Typhoid fever is a serious infectious disease caused by and Although there are several drugs available for the treatment of infection, however, the rising cases of bacterial resistance against common drugs necessitate new drug discovery against So Typhoid fever can be managed in a better way. Therefore we carried out the phytochemical analysis of by FTIR and GC-MS analysis followed by antibacterial activity against Moreover, We also conducted molecular docking to find out important phytochemicals; methanol (48 compounds) and ethyl acetate (66 compounds) and 6 molecular targets; glycosidehydrolase (PDB Id: 4hzm), OmpF (PDB Id; 4kra), DNA gyrase (PDB Id;5ZTJ), AvrA (PDB Id; 6BE0), RamR (PDB Id; 6IE9), and tryptophan Synthase (PDB Id; 7L03). Results show that the ethyl acetate extracts of have the highest antibacterial activity against , with inhibition zones ranging from 23 ± 2.

Impact of heavy metal toxicity on the human health and environment.

Heavy metals are among the major categories of pollutants that are widespread and have enormous potential to affect the environment and public health. Today, the toxicity of heavy metals has become a challenge since it is highly toxic and can accumulate in the body system. Heavy metal contamination results from various natural and anthropogenic activities that release these elements into the environment.

Machine Learning Empowered a Graphical User Interface on Native Fluorescence to Predict Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer poses a significant global health challenge, requiring improved diagnostic solutions for its timely intervention and treatment. Real-time diagnostic approaches in current practice offer promising avenues for early detection. However, these techniques often lack specificity, necessitating the development of robust diagnostic tools for real-time applications.

SVR timelines in hepatitis - C irrespective of viral genotype: An Indian perspective.

Background: Sustained Virologic Response (SVR) refers to successful hepatitis C treatment with undetectable HCV RNA. The duration to achieve SVR is typically 12 weeks globally, though this can vary depending on the viral genotype. Our prime objective in this study was to estimate the mean duration of SVR attainment among treatment-naïve hepatitis C individuals irrespective of viral genotype in India.

Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Dactylorhiza hatagirea (D. Don) Soo.

Objectives: Plant secondary metabolites include chemical compounds like flavonoids and phenolic acids. The use of these ingredients in traditional medicine to prevent or treat diabetes and cancer is becoming more prevalent because of their capacity to function as antioxidant agents. The objective of the research was to estimate the quantities of total phenols and flavonoids, together with the antioxidant capacity of various Dactylorhiza hatagirea extracts.

Highly sensitive electrochemical sensing of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) using Pd-doped MnO supported on carbon quantum dots (Pd-MnO@CQD) in water and fruit juices.

The Pd-MnO nanoparticles attached to carbon quantum dots nanocomposite were synthesized using the green synthesis and hydrothermal process. Characterization of the as-prepared nanocomposite was intensively performed by FT-IR, powder XRD, XPS, and HR-TEM analysis. The synthesized nanomaterial was further examined for its selective and sensitive ascorbic acid (ASA) sensing using a Pd-MnO@CQD modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE).

Experimental investigation of the role of hexamethylenediamine in controlling fine migration in clay-rich sandstones.

This research investigated the effect of hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) on the fine migration phenomenon in sandstones containing kaolinite clay. Fine migration, which refers to the movement of fine particles during oil and gas extraction, can lead to decreased production efficiency and severe problems in hydrocarbon reservoirs. Therefore, understanding and controlling this phenomenon is of great importance.

Health risk implications due to uranium content in drinking water sources from the tectonically active zone of Garhwal Himalaya, India.

Uranium is omnipresent in the earth's crust, and its high concentration in the water poses a different type of health risk to humans. In view of this, water samples were collected from several locations in the Uttarkashi district region of Uttarakhand, India. The collected water samples were analyzed using an LED Fluorimeter.

Mapping of quantitative trait loci and mining of candidate genes for seed viability in soybean [ (L.) Merr.].

Global oilseed crop soybean [ (L.) Merrill] contains 18%-20% oil, 40%-45% protein, and countless nutrients vital for human health. It is grown worldwide for food, feed, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.

Investigating the aging-modulatory mechanism of Rasayana Churna, an Ayurvedic herbal formulation, using a computational approach.

This study investigates the impact and mechanisms of Rasayana Churna, an Ayurvedic poly-herbal formulation, in treating aging-related disorders through text mining, network pharmacology, molecular docking simulation, Super-MMPBSA, and density functional theory. The text mining of Rasayana Churna highlighted the diverse therapeutic potential of Phyllanthus emblica, Tinospora cordifolia, and Tribulus terrestris in managing aging-related disorders through their antidiabetic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Using network pharmacology, 17 bioactive compounds and 137 corresponding potential targets of Rasayana Churna were identified and used to construct protein-protein interaction and hub gene networks.

Identifying Drug Prescription in Newly Diagnosed Hypertension Patients in India.

This study evaluated initial antihypertensive drug prescription patterns in Indian healthcare settings. An observational, cross-sectional, prospective prescription registry analyzed prescriptions for 4723 newly diagnosed hypertension patients. Additionally, it investigated the extent to which physicians adhered to either European or Indian hypertension guidelines.

Machine learning-based estimation of crude oil-nitrogen interfacial tension.

Accurate estimation of interfacial tension (IFT) between nitrogen and crude oil during nitrogen-based gas injection into oil reservoirs is imperative. The previous research works dealing with prediction of IFT of oil and nitrogen systems consider synthetic oil samples such n-alkanes. In this work, we aim to utilize eight machine learning methods of Decision Tree (DT), AdaBoost (AB), Random Forest (RF), K-nearest Neighbors (KNN), Ensemble Learning (EL), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Multilayer Perceptron Artificial Neural Network (MLP-ANN) to construct data-driven intelligent models to predict crude oil - nitrogen IFT based upon experimental data of real crude oils samples encountered in underground oil reservoirs.

Measurement of natural radionuclides and health risk assessment in soil samples of the Main Central Thrust region in Garhwal Himalaya, India.

Ionizing radiation emitted from radionuclides is present everywhere in the environment. It is the main source of health hazards to the general public. The present study elaborates on the analysis of primordial radionuclides in the collected soil samples from the Main Central Thrust (MCT) region of Uttarakhand Himalaya in a grid pattern.

Genomic profiling and molecular dynamics analysis of toxin-antitoxin homologs targeting DNA gyrase in : insights from computational investigations.

In the realm of hospital-acquired and chronic infections, stands out, demonstrating significant associations with increased morbidity, mortality, and antibiotic resistance. Antibiotic-resistant strains are believed to contribute to thousands of deaths each year. Chronic and latent infections are associated with the bacterial toxin-antitoxin (TA) system, although the mechanisms involved are poorly understood.

Identification of novel fructose 1,6-bisphosphate aldolase inhibitors against tuberculosis: QSAR, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation-based analysis of DrugBank compounds.

Global initiatives aim to curb tuberculosis (TB) by developing efficient vaccines and drugs against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb). The pressing need for innovative and swift anti-TB drug screening methods, due to the drawbacks of traditional approaches, is met by employing Structure-based virtual screening (SBVS) and machine learning (ML) in drug discovery.

Identification of AChE targeted therapeutic compounds for Alzheimer's disease: an in-silico study with DFT integration.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition marked by cognitive deterioration and changes in behavior. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which hydrolyzes acetylcholine, is a key drug target for treating AD. This research aimed to identify new AChE inhibitors using the IMPPAT database.

Breaking boundaries: Ticagrelor monotherapy in high-risk patients.

Atherosclerotic plaque formation is a leading cause of arterial thrombosis that significantly impacts global health by instigating major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) like myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke. Platelets are central to this process, leading to the development of antiplatelet therapies, to mitigate MACE risks. The combination of aspirin with a potent P2Y inhibitor known as dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is the standard for post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) aimed at reducing ischemic events.

Adopting a model of antimicrobial stewardship program to anti-tubercular treatment stewardship: A single-centre experience from a private tertiary care hospital in South India.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health challenge in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC). Inappropriate use of Anti-Tubercular Treatment (ATT) undermines treatment efficacy and could contribute to drug resistance. While antimicrobial stewardship programs (AMSP) are well established, anti-tubercular treatment stewardship programs (ATTSP) in private hospitals do not have an established model.

Protocolized Regional Citrate Anticoagulation during Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy: A Single Center Experience.

Background: Regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) has emerged as a treatment modality that reduces bleeding risk and filter clotting. With initial experience of using RCA with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), we have formulated a working protocol based on published literature.

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the protocol for routine use of RCA during CRRT requiring anticoagulation and evaluation of filter life.

Clinical safety and performance of the world's thinnest-strut Evermine50 everolimus-eluting stent: a 24-month follow-up of the Evermine 50 EES - 1 study.

Background: Ultrathin-strut stents are considered the future of percutaneous coronary intervention for treating coronary artery disease (CAD). These drug-eluting stents with biodegradable-polymer technology have the potential to improve clinical outcomes in CAD patients.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and performance of newer-generation ultrathin-strut (50 µm) Evermine50 everolimus-eluting stents (EES) in patients with single or multiple long lesions.

Effect of Fixed Orthodontic Appliances on Oral Microbial Changes and Dental Caries Risk in Children: A 6-Month Prospective Study.

Introduction: Orthodontic treatment can alter the oral environment, leading to plaque accumulation and changes in microbial colonization. This study aimed to assess microbiological changes in 10 to 16-year-old children undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment.

Methodology: The study included children aged 10-16 years, with one group wearing fixed orthodontic appliances and a control group without brackets.

Presence of emerging organic contaminants and microbial indicators in surface water and groundwater in urban India.

This study presents a first combined assessment of emerging organic contaminants (EOC) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) indicators in the South Indian city of Bengaluru from multiple sources, addressing a knowledge gap on EOCs and AMR occurrences and relationships in different water sources in urban India. A unique approach in this study was to combine the detection of EOCs with an assessment of the AMR-indicating class 1 integron-integrase gene, intI1. Twenty-five samples collected from groundwater, local surface waters, and tap water imported from the Cauvery Basin were screened for 1499 EOCs.