Gallium-68-Pentixafor PET/CT for Subtyping Diagnosis of Primary Aldosteronism: A Pictorial Essay.

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is one of the prevalent causes of secondary hypertension, characterized by the autonomous hypersecretion of aldosterone and concurrent renin inhibition. Clinical and biochemical remission rates for patients with PA achieved through surgery are far higher compared to those achieved through drug treatment; hence, subtyping PA is crucial for identifying patients who will benefit most from surgery. Computed tomography (CT) scan with adrenal protocol and adrenal venous sampling (AVS) is used conventionally for PA subtype classification.

Impact of Vision Centres on achieving universal eye health coverage: prevalence, coverage and utilisation of eye care services in Southern India.

Background: The Vision Centre (VC) model evolved to meet primary eye care needs in rural and underprivileged communities, overcoming workforce and resource challenges. Despite over two decades of operation, its impact is not well-documented. We evaluated its effectiveness by comparing prevalence of visual impairment (VI), eyecare utilisation and service coverage among residents within and beyond a 5 km radius of VCs in Theni district, India.

Multiple model visual feature embedding and selection method for an efficient pest classification supporting precision agriculture.

Agriculture 5.0 is a principal economic activity in the world with major workforce dependent crops cultivation. An automated system for crops field insect pest identification can help decrease labour, while also improving the speed and precision in compared to manual methods.

Patient preferences for food allergy treatments in the United States: a discrete choice experiment.

Objective: To estimate preferences of adolescents and caregivers of children with food allergies (FA) for food allergy for attributes for treatments intended to prevent exposure-induced severe reactions and to examine how these vary by clinical and demographic factors.

Methods: A discrete choice experiment (DCE) was conducted between May and June 2024 among US-resident individuals, aged 13-17 years or caregivers of a child with FA aged ≤12 years, self-reporting physician-diagnosed FA. The survey comprised treatment-attribute focused DCE choice sets; the Intolerance of Uncertainty-12 Scale (IUS-12); the Food Allergy Independent Measure (FAIM); and clinical/demographic questions.

The nutritional adequacy of the ketogenic diet in paediatric epilepsy: Detailed nutrient analysis and dietary recommendations.

Background And Aims: Much of the focus of ketogenic diet (KD) literature has been on the macronutrient profile, as the appropriate distribution of carbohydrate, fat and protein is essential to inducing ketosis. Few studies have evaluated the micronutrient adequacy of the KD in paediatric epilepsy, despite the importance of adequate vitamin and mineral intake in growth and development. Our study evaluated the nutritional adequacy of the Modified Atkins Diet (MAD) and Classical Ketogenic Diet (CKD) in children with epilepsy, relative to baseline diets and Nutrient Reference Values (NRVs).

Thrombectomy Versus Medical Management for Pediatric Arterial Ischemic Stroke With Large Baseline Infarct.

Background: Multiple recent randomized trials have demonstrated the benefit of thrombectomy over medical management alone in adult patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke and large infarct on baseline imaging. Cohort studies have also identified improved functional outcomes in pediatric patients who received thrombectomy. However, the role of thrombectomy in pediatric stroke with large baseline infarct remains uncertain.

Unlocking uterine biology at home: a validated system for DNA, RNA, and microbial analysis from menstrual effluence.

Introduction: Access to accurate, non-invasive diagnostics remains a critical unmet need in women's health. Menstrual effluence, containing endometrial tissue, immune cells, and microbial communities, represents a clinically relevant specimen for genomic and molecular pathology applications, yet has historically been underutilized due to concerns about sample integrity and variability.

Methods: We developed and validated a standardized, at-home tampon-based collection system designed to preserve nucleic acids at ambient temperature for clinical-grade analyses.

Health care resource utilization of patients with asthma and food allergy initiating omalizumab.

Background: Patients with comorbid asthma and food allergy (FA) are at increased risk of adverse outcomes for both conditions. Omalizumab, a biologic for moderate to severe persistent asthma, received recent approval for FA.

Objective: We sought to compare FA-, asthma/FA-related, and all-cause health care resource utilization and costs before and after omalizumab initiation among patients with asthma and FA.

Simultaneous detection and differentiation of common foodborne pathogens using tri-metallic magnetic microspheres as an aluminium foil based SERS substrate.

Foodborne bacteria can enter the human body through food, water, and air, potentially causing infections and foodborne illnesses that pose significant health risks, particularly for vulnerable populations. Recent technological advancements have paved the way for new methods for the early detection of these foodborne pathogens. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has emerged as one of the most powerful tools for the rapid and sensitive identification of pathogens.

Adoption of Endoscopic Spine Surgery: A 6-Year National Utilization Analysis.

Study Design: Descriptive study.

Objective: To determine national trends in utilization of endoscopic spine surgery from 2017 to 2022.

Summary Of Background Data: Endoscopic spine surgery (ESS) has emerged as a potential, minimally invasive approach to treat certain symptomatic spinal pathology.

Chitosan bio-priming enhances biochemical responses in red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under induced drought stress.

Drought is the most complex and devastating abiotic stress that limits yield and quality attributes. Metabolites produced are the biochemical indicators of any type of stressed imposed on plant system. In the present study the ameliorative effect of seed priming and foliar application of 0.

A hybrid learning network with progressive resizing and PCA for diagnosis of cervical cancer on WSI slides.

Current artificial intelligence (AI) trends are revolutionizing medical image processing, greatly improving cervical cancer diagnosis. Machine learning (ML) algorithms can discover patterns and anomalies in medical images, whereas deep learning (DL) methods, specifically convolutional neural networks (CNNs), are extremely accurate at identifying malignant lesions. Deep models that have been pre-trained and tailored through transfer learning and fine-tuning become faster and more effective, even when data is scarce.

WGCNA analysis and identification of key genes in tobacco in response to different nitrogen levels.

Background: Nitrogen (N) supply directly impacts growth and quality in flue-cured tobacco. To decipher molecular responses to N gradients, we integrated transcriptomics and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) on leaves from four N treatments: 0 (inherent soil fertility), 60 (low), 105 (standard), and 150 kg/hm (high).

Results: Phenotypic analysis revealed dose-dependent increases in leaf nitrogen content with higher N application, accompanied by excessive vegetative growth and delayed maturity at 150 kg/hm.

A comparison of conventional high-flow nasal cannula vs the duet high-flow nasal cannula in extubated patients: a randomized crossover trial.

Objectives: High-flow nasal cannulae (HFNC) are often used for oxygen delivery in intensive care units (ICU). A new configuration HNFC, the Duet HFNC, can deliver higher pressures and potentially improve gas exchange. The clinical performance, safety and patient comfort of these Duet cannula are unclear.

Breaking barriers in cancer diagnosis: unveiling the 4Ms of biosensors.

Cancer, an insidious affliction, continues to exact a heavy toll on humanity, necessitating early detection and nuanced comprehension of its intricacies for effective treatment. Recent strides in micro and nanoscale electronic chip fabrication have revolutionized biosensor technology, offering promising avenues for biomedical and telemedicine applications. Micro Electromechanical System (MEMS)-based integrated circuits (ICs) represent a paradigm shift in detecting chemical and biomolecular interactions pertinent to cancer diagnosis, supplanting conventional methodologies.

Substrate Influence on Yield and Biometabolite Production in the Caterpillar Medicinal Mushroom Cordyceps militaris (Ascomycetes).

The present work was aimed at studying the effect of different substrates on growth and biometabolite production in Cordyceps militaris fruiting body. Of the seven substrates tested alone and in combination with brown rice, it was observed that the combination of pearl millet and brown rice showed the highest yield of fruit body with biological efficiency of 104.3 ± 2.

Effect of Pilates Exercises on Pain, Endurance, Quality-of-Life, and Disability in Postmenopausal Women With Low Back Pain.

Purpose: To determine the effect of Pilates exercises on pain, endurance, quality-of-life, and disability in post-menopausal women with low back pain.

Methods: After obtaining signed written consent, 128 women in the post-menopausal stage were randomly allocated to two groups: group 'A' (experimental) and group 'B' (control-conventional). The participants underwent evaluations for disability using the Oswestry Disability Scale.

An Innovative Approach for Retrieval of a Separated Intracanal File Using Guided Endodontics: A Case Report.

A separated instrument in a root canal limits accessibility for chemo-mechanical preparation, making its retrieval imperative for a good prognosis. Among the numerous techniques available for instrument retrieval, guided endodontics is arguably the most predictable. This case report describes a stepwise approach for instrument retrieval using a surgical drill guided by a 3D-constructed acrylic template with the aid of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Evaluating the Adoption of Evidence-Based Management Practices in Eye Hospitals.

Delivering sustainable, high-quality eye care requires a comprehensive understanding of patient conditions, clinical evidence, patients' preferences, demand patterns, quality supplies, outcomes, financial sustainability, and satisfaction metrics. Evidence-based management (EBM) offers a structured approach to align actions with evidence, enabling effective decision-making and better organizational outcomes. Evaluating current practices against EBM principles fosters awareness and promotes an EBM culture in eye hospitals, supporting improved and sustainable service delivery.

Impact of wearing a headscarf on forward head posture and dynamic balance in young collegiate females.

. A headscarf is a piece of fabric designed to cover the head while also wrapping around the neck. Styling of the headscarf in different ways can affect posture or balance control and a rise in forward head posture (FHP).

Changing patterns in cataract surgery indications, outcomes, and costs, 2012-2023: a retrospective study at Aravind Eye Hospitals, India.

Background: Data on the evolving characteristics of patients seeking cataract surgery, surgical techniques used, preoperative vision, postoperative visual outcomes, and surgery costs provide critical insights for improving care delivery and making progress towards global eye care targets. We aimed to establish long-term trends in these factors.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of all cataract surgeries performed at Aravind Eye Hospitals during 2012-2023.

US general population food allergy treatment preferences: a discrete choice experiment.

Objective: To quantify treatment preferences for food allergy management options (oral immunotherapy, biologic therapy, and allergen avoidance), overall and by sociodemographic strata.

Methods: A US general population (≥13 years) discrete choice experiment (DCE) was conducted, including the Intolerance of Uncertainty-12 Scale and clinical/demographic questions. Conditional logistic regression analyses were conducted overall and by sociodemographic factors.

Salt Based or BaLanced SolUtion-Trends Existing in Indian Intensive Care Units: A Multicenter Prospective Observational Cohort Study (SOLUTE Study).

Introduction: Fluid administration is a commonly practiced intervention in the intensive care unit (ICU) with normal saline being the preferred fluid. We sought to understand the current practice of fluid administration and choice of fluids in Indian ICUs and its effect on renal outcomes.

Materials And Methods: The Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine (ISCCM)-endorsed multicenter prospective observational study was conducted on practice of fluid administration in critically ill patients between May 1, 2020, and January 31, 2023.

Management of children with food allergies by allergists in the United States.

Background: Management of patients with food allergies is complex, especially in cases of patients with multiple and potentially severe food allergies. Although international guidelines exist for food allergy management, the role of the allergist in the decision-making process is key.

Objective: Our aim was to investigate the management patterns and educational needs of practicing allergists treating patients with food allergies.