A Sensitive and Comprehensive LC-MS/MS Method for the Analysis of Hallucinogens, Synthetic Cathinones, and Synthetic Cannabinoids in Urine Samples.

The laboratory analysis of new psychoactive substances and related drugs is crucial for accurate clinical and forensic diagnosis of poisonings. Given this, a new LC-MS/MS method for analyzing hallucinogens, synthetic cathinones, and synthetic cannabinoids in urine was developed. Urine samples were extracted using a liquid-liquid extraction protocol optimized via a multivariate experimental design.

Harnessing CoO/AgMoO/CeO ternary nanocomposites for solar light-induced degradation of anthropogenic dye contaminants.

A CoO/AgMoO/CeOternary nanocomposites photocatalyst was successfully synthesized through a straightforward ethanol-assisted chemical method. Comprehensive characterization of its structural and optical properties was conducted using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS), and photoluminescence (PL) analysis. XRD analysis confirmed the presence of CoO, AgMoO and CeO in the ternary composite sample.

Autophagy controls the hippocampal postsynaptic organization and affects cognition in a mouse model of Fragile X syndrome.

Dysregulated spine morphology is a common feature in the pathology of many neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders. Overabundant immature dendritic spines in the hippocampus are causally related to cognitive deficits of Fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common form of heritable intellectual disability. Recent findings from us and others indicate autophagy plays important roles in synaptic stability and morphology, and autophagy is downregulated in FXS neurons.

Acute kidney injury and subsequent risk of late-onset infection among extremely low gestational age newborns.

Objective: Determine whether acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with subsequent late-onset infection (LOI) among extremely low gestational age newborns (ELGAN).

Study Design: Secondary analysis of participants in the Preterm Erythropoietin for Neuroprotection Trial. Infants surviving ≥7 days with sufficient serum creatinine data were included.

Prelude to the perfect storm: the many triggers of secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an increasingly recognized disorder of immune hyperactivity that often leads to multiorgan failure and death. In adults, HLH is usually triggered by infection, malignancy, or an autoimmune/autoinflammatory disorder that precipitates a destructive cytokine storm. Treatment aims to deescalate the hyperimmunity by treating the triggers while interfering with the immune pathways that cause the morbidity.

Association of intraoperative end-tidal CO levels with postoperative outcomes: a patient-level analysis of two randomised clinical trials.

Background: The relationship between intraoperative end-tidal CO (etCO) levels and postoperative outcomes remains unclear. We conducted a post hoc analysis of two randomised trials in adults undergoing major surgery under general anaesthesia.

Methods: We re-analysed individual participant data comparing high or low positive end-expiratory pressure with low tidal volume intraoperative ventilation using a merged database derived from two randomised trials in non-obese (PROVHILO: ISRCTN70332574) and obese (PROBESE: NCT02148692) patients.

Off-label underdosing of edoxaban antithrombotic therapy for patients with atrial fibrillation and stable coronary artery disease: findings from the EPIC-CAD trial.

Objective: The impact of off-label underdosing of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) on clinical outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and stable coronary artery disease (CAD) remains unclear.

Methods: The EPIC-CAD trial (Edoxaban vs Edoxaban with antiPlatelet agent In patients with atrial fibrillation and Chronic stable Coronary Artery Disease) randomised patients with AF and stable CAD to receive either edoxaban monotherapy or dual antithrombotic therapy (edoxaban plus single antiplatelet agent). Off-label underdosing was defined as low-dose edoxaban (30 mg once daily) without standard criteria for dose reduction.

Associations of body mass index, waist circumference, and weight-adjusted waist index with body composition and biomarkers: A multinational pooled analysis.

Background: The widely-used anthropometric indices, such as body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), have limitations in their use as indicators of body composition. Recent studies proposed weight-adjusted waist index (WWI=WC/√(body weight)) as an alternative index for body composition but it is unclear whether WWI reflects body composition in different racial/ethnic groups.

Objective: We examined the associations of WWI, BMI, and WC with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)-measured body composition, biomarkers (fasting blood glucose, HDL-cholestrol, LDL-cholestrol, triglyceride), and handgrip strength.

Lonicera caerulea var. edulis in acute lung injury therapy: integrated chemical composition, anti-inflammation, antioxidation, and NF-κB cascades based on bioactivity-guided fractionation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Lonicera caerulea var. edulis is an Oroqen medicine with fever relief, detoxification, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, pharmacological and chemical research on its leaves is limited.

Construction of melem/BiVO/g-CN photocatalyst with a conjugated S-scheme charge transfer pathway for boosting photocatalytic activity under LED light irradiation.

The development of novel multijunction heterostructure photocatalysts is critical for the efficient degradation of organic pollutants, attributed to their ability to enhance the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. In our study, a ternary composite, melem/BiVO/g-CN (BVO/CNMH), was synthesized via an acid-soaking method followed by calcination, using g-CN as a sacrificial precursor in the presence of BiVO. This approach yielded a porous, interconnected architecture in BVO/CNMH.

Clinical outcomes following TAVR for patients with low and very low gradient aortic stenosis.

Objectives: This study explores the impact of lower baseline aortic valve (AV) mean gradients on the clinical outcomes of patients with low-gradient aortic stenosis (LG AS) post-transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Additionally, the study aims to understand the predictors of a lower baseline AV mean gradient (MG).

Background: Reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and low-flow states are known to correlate with worse clinical outcomes.

Born to be wild: Wildings stay the course.

The immune system of wildlings-mice with a wild-derived microbiota-has features similar to that in adult humans. In this issue of Immunity, Oh et al. demonstrate the long-term stability of wildling microbiota and immune traits, establishing these mice as an accessible, transferable model for immunology research.

Enhanced degradation of phenol by VUV/SPC synergism: Promotion of •OH and •CO formation.

A novel vacuum ultraviolet (VUV)-activated sodium percarbonate (SPC) system (VUV/SPC) was developed for efficient degradation of micropollutants such as phenol. The VUV/SPC system achieved 98.4 % phenol removal within 3 min, with pseudo-first-order rate constants 4.

Long-wavelength emission carbon dots as ratiometric fluorescent and colorimetric dual-mode sensors for environmental sensing and bioimaging of hypochlorite.

For the first time, long-wavelength red emission carbon dots (R-CDs) were prepared as ratiometric fluorescent and colorimetric dual-mode sensors for detecting ClO using a simple one-step hydrothermal method. R-CDs exhibited intrinsic red fluorescence at 587 nm. Upon interaction with ClO, a new and enhanced green fluorescence at 535 nm was observed, which was attributed to resulting from the oxidation of surface hydroxyl (-OH) groups to carbonyl (CO) groups.

Molecular transformation and photochemical reactivity of microplastic-derived dissolved organic matter on goethite: Implications for persistence and reactive oxygen species dynamics.

Microplastics (MPs)-derived dissolved organic matter (MPs-DOM) is emerging as a significant contributor to environmental DOM pools. However, the molecular-scale processes governing its interactions with mineral and their effects on photoreactivity remain poorly understood. This study elucidates the structure-dependent molecular transformations and photochemical reactivity of DOM during its interaction with goethite, revealing distinct mechanisms driving reactive oxygen species (ROS) dynamics.

Spatiotemporal characteristics, drivers, sources, and health risks of nitrate and sulfate in groundwater on the Chinese Loess Plateau.

Groundwater nitrate (NO) and sulfate (SO) pollution in semi-arid regions has attracted widespread attention. However, unveiling the dynamics and sources of NO and SO in regional groundwater is challenging because of complex anthropogenic activities and hydrogeological conditions. This study combined physicochemistry and multiple stable isotopes (δH-HO, δO-HO, δN-NO, δO-NO, δS-SO, and δO-SO) to explore the spatiotemporal patterns, driving factors, sources, and potential health hazards of NO and SO in groundwater on the Loess Plateau, China.

Microwave Spectroscopy and Structure of the 1-Fluoronaphthalene···HO Complex: Two Hydrogen Bonds Make the Complex a Rigid Rotor.

The microwave spectrum of the complex formed between 1-fluoronaphthalene and HO has been recorded using a chirped pulse Fourier transform microwave spectrometer within the frequency range of 2.0 to 8.0 GHz, with neon as the carrier gas.

Biomimetic Multinuclear Nickel-Polyphenol Artificial Enzyme with Synergistic Catalytic Centers for Broad-Spectrum RONS Scavenging: A Therapeutic Strategy against LPS-Induced Septic Cardiomyopathy.

Myocardial injury constitutes a life-threatening complication of sepsis, driven by synergistic oxidative-inflammatory pathology involving dysregulated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and proinflammatory cytokines. This pathophysiological cascade remarkably elevates morbidity and mortality rates in septic patients, emerging as a key contributor to poor clinical outcomes. Despite its clinical significance, no clinically validated therapeutics currently exist for managing septic cardiomyopathy.

Construction of Zeolite Framework-Anchored Rh-(O-Zn) Sites for Ethylene Hydroformylation.

Zeolite-confined Rh-based catalysts have emerged as promising heterogeneous candidates for olefin hydroformylation. However, they face challenges of reactant- and product-induced Rh leaching and aggregation. Herein, zeolite framework-anchored Rh-(O-Zn) sites were designed and are shown to have remarkable activity and stability for gas-phase ethylene hydroformylation.

Evaluation of Vitamin D3 as a diagnostic marker in hypothyroidism.

Objective: Aim: To investigate the role of serum vitamin D3 in the pathogenesis and diagnosis for hypothyroidism..

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted at the Outpatient Analytics Center of Al-Nokhba and Al-Sadder Teaching Hospital, Najaf, Iraq, between October 2021 and February 2022.

Evidence for Similar Collectivity of High Transverse-Momentum Particles in p-Pb and Pb-Pb Collisions.

Charged hadron elliptic anisotropies (v_{2}) are presented over a wide transverse momentum (p_{T}) range for proton-lead (pPb) and lead-lead (PbPb) collisions at nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energies of 8.16 and 5.02 TeV, respectively.

Onset of Constituent Quark Number Scaling in Heavy-Ion Collisions at RHIC.

Partonic collectivity is one of the necessary signatures for the formation of quark-gluon plasma in high-energy nuclear collisions. Number of constituent quarks (NCQ) scaling has been observed for hadron elliptic flow v_{2} in top energy nuclear collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the LHC, and this has been theoretically suggested as strong evidence for partonic collectivity. In this Letter, a systematic analysis of v_{2} of π^{±}, K^{±}, K_{S}^{0}, p, and Λ in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=3.