Key regulatory genes in sugar beet's defense against curly top virus identified by network analysis and qRT-PCR.

Curly top disease, caused by Beet Curly Top Virus (BCTV), is a major threat to sugar beet (), resulting in significant yield losses. This study integrates RNA sequencing, gene network analysis, and experimental validation to uncover key regulatory genes involved in plant responses to viral infection. Network analysis identified nine central hub genes associated with fatty acid metabolism, stress adaptation, and transcriptional regulation.

Time-resolved analysis of UV-B-induced secondary metabolite biosynthesis and gene expression in L.

The medicinal plant is known for its rich secondary metabolite content, which plays a critical role in its therapeutic properties. This study investigates the impact of UV-B radiation on the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, including phenolic compounds, flavonoids, terpenes, carotenoids, and lycopene, as well as the expression of key biosynthetic genes (, , , , and ) in . Plants were exposed to UV-B radiation for 1 and 2 h, and metabolite content and gene expression were measured at intervals of 3, 6, 9, and 12 h post-exposure.

An in-depth investigation into U and U isotopes systematics in U(IV) and U(VI) phases of betafite for enhanced understanding of actinide retention.

The superior efficacy of synroc as an immobilization matrix for actinides in spent nuclear fuel has been extensively validated, positioning it as a leading candidate for long-term nuclear waste management. In this context, isotopic investigations of natural analogues are indispensable for optimizing synroc formulations, particularly regarding their capacity to incorporate and retain actinides and their decay products over geological timescales. In this study, a naturally occurring member of the pyrochlore supergroup was identified as betafite through integrated SEM, EMPA, and XRD analyses.

Effects of planting date and zinc oxide nano fertilizer on growth and yield of lentil (Lens culinaris L.) in two agroecological zones.

This study examined how using zinc oxide, time, and place of planting influence important biochemical and physiological characteristics that affect crop yield. Zinc is an essential micronutrient that increases enzyme activity, regulates plant hormones, and enhances stress tolerance under varying environmental conditions, so it is important to supplement with zinc. The results of the study found that the optimum planting time (October), seed yield is highest with moderate zinc oxide levels (2.

Development of a digital Compton suppression system for neutron Aactivation analysis.

Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) is a precise, non-destructive method for quantifying elements but faces challenges with trace elements near detection limits. This study introduces a digital Compton suppression system to enhance NAA's sensitivity by reducing Compton backscattering in gamma-ray spectra. The system, consisting of an HPGe detector and NaI (Tl) detectors, was modeled using MCNP code and optimized with digital electronics.

Integrated gene network analysis and experimental validation identify key hub genes in potato response to Potato Virus Y infection.

Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is a staple food crop that supports global food security, ranking as the world's third most important food crop after rice and wheat in terms of human consumption, and it is threatened by Potato virus Y (PVY), which causes severe yield losses. This study integrates bioinformatics analysis and experimental approaches to elucidate molecular defense mechanisms against PVY infection. Using transcriptomic data from PVY-infected potato plants, we constructed protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and identified hub genes central to defense responses.

Application of quantum imaging in biology.

Application of quantum imaging in biology In biology, one of the main challenges is achieving a balance between high precision and minimal invasiveness in measurements. With cutting-edge techniques, the primary limitations to experimental accuracy often stem not from device-related noise but from fundamental physical constraints. Since nature is the underlying source of these constraints, it makes sense to go to quantum mechanics, the most basic theory of matter, for a solution.

Paclobutrazol and sucrose boost tuber size and survival rate of micro propagated Zantedeschia spp.

Micropropagation of Zantedeschia, commonly known as Calla lily, represents a valuable and economically feasible method for plant propagation. However, the success of in vitro cultivation is heavily dependent on the proper formation of tubers, as plants lacking well-developed tubers face reduced survival rates during subsequent transfer and acclimatization stages. This research aimed to investigate the effects of varying concentrations of sucrose, cycocel, and paclobutrazol on the size and production of microtubers in potted Zantedeschia cultivars, specifically Sun Club, Orania, and Zazu, under in vitro conditions.

Depth Dose Profile and Exposure Time Calculation in an 60Co Irradiation Processing Facility: MCNP and GEANT4 Calculation.

The present research is proposing a mathematical method to calculate the dose absorbed by a moving object in a non-uniform radiation field. In such conditions, the dose is the function of time and position of the object relative to the radiation source. In this regard, a 60Co irradiation processing facility has been investigated in which, the non-uniform planar source of gamma-rays, irradiates the boxes moving which move around the source.

Human dose estimation of a novel SPECT imaging agent using animal experimental data and Monte Carlo simulation.

Undoubtedly, the precise measurement and determination of the optimum delivered dose to patients during diagnostic and therapeutic procedures is essential. This study estimated the human absorbed dose of the novel GRPR-targeting single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging agent [In]In-RM2 (GRPR - gastrin-releasing peptide receptor) for potential clinical application in diagnosing GRPR-positive tumors, particularly prostate cancer, using animal experimental data and Monte Carlo simulation. The radiolabeled compound was prepared under optimized conditions using an in-house developed Sn/In generator, with a molar activity at least 43 GBq/µmol.

Development of a Potential Bone-Seeking Radiopharmaceutical by Sodium Pyrophosphate Labeled Rhenium (Re-PYP) for Bone Pain Palliation.

Background: Technetium- (Tc)-pyrophosphate (PYP) has been widely utilized in diagnosing bone disorders and certain cardiac conditions, such as amyloidosis, allowing for accurate imaging and detection of abnormalities within heart tissue. Rhenium, being in the same group as technetium in the periodic table, shares similar chemical properties. Rhenium- (Re) possesses favorable nuclear properties for theranostic applications.

The study of cerium separation from aqueous solutions using Dowex 50WX8 resin via ion exchange in batch and continuous mode.

The solutions obtained from rare earth element (REE) processing are often acidic. The low pH is a challenge in the separation of REE. Hence, this study focuses on separating Ce(III) from acidic solutions by the ion exchange method using Dowex 50W-X8 resin.

Multifaceted role of Trichoderma harzianum isolates in mitigating drought stress and promoting adaptive responses in barley cultivars.

This study investigated the effects of seed biopriming with two Trichoderma harzianum isolates, wild type (TW) and gamma-ray mutant (TM), on drought tolerance in the two barley cultivars, Goharan and Nosrat. Barley seeds primed with Trichoderma and subsequently exposed to drought stress induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) at concentrations of 0%, 5% and 10%. Drought stress significantly reduced growth (20-45% decrease in fresh and dry weight), with Nosrat showing a greater reduction than Goharan.

Spermine treatment improves salinity tolerance in Plantago major by altering growth parameters, biochemical profiles and gene expression.

Salinity is one of the most challenging environmental factors limiting plant development and yield by interfering with key physiological and metabolic activities. In this study, we explored how applying spermine externally could help Plantago major L. cope with salt stress.

Integrating AI and CRISPR Cas13a for rapid detection of tomato brown rugose fruit virus.

The Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus (ToBRFV) has recently emerged as a serious threat to global tomato production, underscoring the need for rapid and sensitive diagnostic tools. Here, we present an AI-driven CRISPR-Cas13a pipeline for designing crRNAs with high specificity to enable the detection of ToBRFV. A computational pipeline that retrieves viral sequences, aligns them in multiple sequence alignments, analyzes their conservation, and screens for off-targets-all coupled with machine learning to optimize crRNA sequences.

Machine learning predictions of cross-sections for the Th(p,x)Ac reaction.

The research investigates techniques to enhance actinium-225 (Ac) production levels for targeted alpha therapy (TAT) applications in cancer medicine. The medical benefits of Ac alpha emissions and favorable half-life exist despite production limitations which restrict its clinical applications. Proton-induced spallation of thorium-232 (Th) shows promise as a commercially viable method but scientists require improved ways to predict cross-section data accurately.

The impact of gamma and electron beam irradiation sterilization technology on the pigments and phenolic components of saffron.

Dried stigmas of saffron with the natural contaminant microflora were irradiated at five dose levels (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 kGy) via a gamma and electron beam irradiator. The changes in the microbial population (total count, mold and yeast and coliform contamination), total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity (AOA), bitterness, aromatic, and coloring strengths of saffron after radiation were investigated. Additionally, phenolic compounds and carotene glycosides were assayed via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Integrating multi-omic data to identify key genes and pathways involved in rice bacterial leaf streak disease.

Bacterial leaf streak disease (BLS) is caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc), which represents a significant threat to rice (Oryza sativa) crops. The objective of the present work is to identify the genetic regions and signaling pathways that contribute to the infection process caused by Xoc.

Quantum phase transition in the Casten pyramid using entanglement entropy in the semi-classical approximation of IBM-2.

In this research, the quantum phase transition (QPT) in the Casten pyramid has been investigated using entanglement entropy. Energy surfaces and the entanglement entropy have been obtained within the framework of semi-classical approximation interacting boson model-2 (IBM-2) using Schmidt decomposition and coherent states formalism. The results showed that the entanglement entropy is a suitable and efficient tool for investigating QPT and determining critical points in the connected pathes to the [Formula: see text] limit, and pathes of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text].

Network-based analysis of candidate oncogenes and pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major worldwide health burden due to poor outcomes. Identifying dysregulated molecular circuits in HCC is critical for developing precise treatments. A systems-level approach using multi-omics data is required to reveal the intricate non-linear interactions underlying liver carcinogenesis.

CRISPR-Cas13a as a next-generation tool for rapid and precise plant RNA virus diagnostics.

Plant viruses are among the most serious threats to global agriculture, causing significant yield losses and jeopardizing food security. Identifying these viruses is crucial to prevent widespread crop damage and ensure effective management. CRISPR-Cas13a, a subtype of the RNA-targeting Cas13 family, has emerged as a transformative tool in molecular diagnostics, specifically tailored to detect these plant RNA viruses with unparalleled precision.

D-Glucose and its derivatives labeled with radioactive carbon and hydrogen: key tools for investigating biological processes and molecular mechanisms.

Background: Radiolabeling is a technique that involves attaching radioactive isotopes to molecules, allowing for their tracking and analysis in biological systems. Radiolabeled D-glucose and its derivatives have a very prominent role in exploring metabolic pathways, the enzymatic system, and measuring the flow of the metabolites through biochemical reactions, as accumulation or deficiency of metabolites occurs along with metabolic disorders. Glucose as the main source of energy in the body is involved in different metabolic pathways like glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, and tricarboxylic acid cycle.

Identification of indirect pathways enhancing the biocompatibility of DOX/GO/FeO nanomaterials in Glioblastoma: Gene network modeling and pathway analysis.

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary malignant tumor of the central nervous system. Conventional treatment includes maximal safe surgical resection combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Materials And Methods: This study analyzed gene networks to identify key gene clusters and hub genes involved in apoptosis using Cytoscape in Glioblastoma cell line samples treated with GO/FeO and DOX/GO/FeO for 24 h.

The effect of operational parameters on the properties of thorium uranium oxide produced via oxalates' coprecipitation.

Co-precipitation is a widely used technique for producing thorium-based fuels. In this method, the characteristics of the final product are significantly affected by the operating parameters. This study investigates the effects of operational parameters on the properties of thorium ThO-30 wt%UO powder using oxalate precipitation.

Development of a Lu-labeled radiopeptide for targeted CXCR4 positive tumor therapy.

The peptide sequence as an antagonist of chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) was evaluated as a radio-therapeutic agent. The peptide derivative was coupled with 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) and radiolabeled by lutetium-177. Labeling yield, lipophilicity, and plasma stability of Lu-labeled ligand were determined.