Enhancing Empathic Accuracy: Penalized Functional Alignment Method to Correct Temporal Misalignment in Real-Time Emotional Perception.

Empathic accuracy (EA) is the ability to accurately understand another person's thoughts and feelings, which is crucial for social and psychological interactions. Traditionally, EA is assessed by comparing a perceiver's moment-to-moment ratings of a target's emotional state with the target's own self-reported ratings at corresponding time points. However, misalignments between these two sequences are common due to the complexity of emotional interpretation and individual differences in behavioral responses.

Delayed adrenaline administration prolongs adrenaline-to-ROSC interval in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Introduction: Previous investigations reveal that protracted resuscitative efforts are associated with poorer long-term patient outcomes. Aside from certain patient characteristics and interventions, such as shockable rhythms, bystander CPR and early defibrillation, little is known about factors influencing resuscitation duration and time to return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). We hypothesised that early public safety answering point (PSAP) call-receipt-to-pressor (PSAP-to-pressor) administration would decrease the pressor-to-ROSC interval and shorten low-flow duration.

Regression Modeling of Cumulative Incidence Function for Left-Truncated Right-Censored Competing Risks Data: A Modified Pseudo-observation Approach.

Statistical methods have been developed for regression modeling of the cumulative incidence function (CIF) given left-truncated right-censored competing risks data. Nevertheless, existing methods typically involve complicated weighted estimating equations or nonparametric conditional likelihood function and often require a restrictive assumption that censoring and/or truncation times are independent of failure time. The pseudo-observation (PO) approach has been used in regression modeling of CIF for right-censored competing risks data under covariate-independent censoring or covariate-dependent censoring.

Testing autonomous motivation as a mechanism of anticipated regret intervention techniques for seasonal flu vaccination.

Background: Anticipated regret is associated with vaccination. However, gaps in understanding mechanisms of anticipated regret and how to intervene using anticipated regret limit its use as an intervention to promote vaccination.

Purpose: Address gaps in anticipated regret interventions to promote seasonal flu vaccination.

Using Virtual Reality in Discrimination Research: Ethical Considerations and Participants' Perspectives.

Virtual reality (VR) can offer unique advantages for studying how individuals respond to stressful events, including racial discrimination, but the ethics of using VR in this context remain underexplored. We briefly review possible scientific benefits and risks of using VR to examine racial discrimination. We also report results from 130 participants of color ( = 24.

Revealing Robust Room Temperature Ferromagnetism in Gd-Doped Few-Layered MoS Thin Films.

2D MoS holds great promise for spintronics, yet is limited by intrinsic diamagnetism. This study demonstrates inducing ferromagnetic behavior in MoS films doped with 0.47% Gd, achieving an ultrahigh saturation magnetization of 454 emu/cm in a few-layered film over 11-times higher than bulk films (40 nm).

Oxytocin, Vasopressin and Stress: A Hormetic Perspective.

The purpose of this article is to examine a previously unrecognized role for the vasopressin-oxytocin (VP-OT) system in mammalian "stress-response hormesis." The current review adds hormesis to the long list of beneficial effects of OT. Hormesis, a biphasic adaptive response to low-level stressors, is introduced here to contextualize the dynamic roles of oxytocin and vasopressin.

Mechanisms of Change in Exposure Therapy for Anxiety and Related Disorders: A Research Agenda.

Anxiety and related disorders are a significant public health burden with rising prevalence in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. As demand for effective anxiety treatment increases, so too does the need for strategies to bolster treatment outcomes. Research on the mechanisms of exposure therapy, the frontline behavioral treatment, will be critically important for optimizing clinical outcomes.

Computational and experimental study of AC measurements performed by a double-nanohole plasmonic nanopore sensor on 20 nm silica nanoparticles.

A novel method of AC sensing is presented that uses a double nanohole (DNH) nanoaperture atop a solid-state nanopore (ssNP) to trap analytes and measure their optical and electrical properties. In this method analytes are propelled by an external applied voltage towards the sensor until they are trapped at the DNH-ssNP interface via a self-induced back action (SIBA) plasmonic force. We have previously named this method SIBA Actuated Nanopore Electrophoresis (SANE) sensing and have shown its ability to perform concurrent optical and DC electrical measurements.

Joint analysis of dispersed count-time data using a bivariate latent factor model.

In this study, we explore parameter estimation for a joint count-time data model with a two-factor latent trait structure, representing accuracy and speed. Each count-time variable pair corresponds to a specific item on a measurement instrument, where each item consists of a fixed number of tasks. The count variable represents the number of successfully completed tasks and is modeled using a Beta-binomial distribution to account for potential over-dispersion.

AI-Powered Structural Health Monitoring Using Multi-Type and Multi-Position PZT Networks.

Concrete compressive strength is a critical property for structural performance and construction scheduling. Traditional non-destructive testing (NDT) methods, such as rebound hammer and ultrasonic pulse velocity, offer limited reliability and resolution, particularly at early ages. This study presents an AI-powered structural health monitoring (SHM) framework that integrates multi-type and multi-position piezoelectric (PZT) sensor networks with machine learning for in situ prediction of concrete compressive strength.

Using machine learning to predict concussion recovery time: The importance of psychological and symptomatic factors.

Objectives: The objectives were threefold: 1) To utilize machine learning (ML) to create a model for predicting concussion recovery time using routine clinical metrics, 2) To compare predictive factors within a ML model to previously identified risk factors, and 3) To compare predictive ability of ML models to traditional logistic regression.

Methods: North Texas Concussion Registry (ConTex) data were prospectively collected during an initial post-injury clinic visit and 3-month follow-up. ML models classified 1000 participants with sport- or recreation-related injuries, ages 6-59, into ordinal recovery time groups.

Eravacycline use in immunocompromised patients: multicenter evaluation of timely versus late initiation on clinical outcomes.

Infections from multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria lead to worse outcomes in immunocompromised patients. Eravacycline (ERV) is effective against MDR gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, but its effects in immunocompromised populations remain unstudied. We aimed to evaluate clinical end points of immunocompromised patients receiving timely versus late ERV therapy.

Global and Episode-Specific Prediction of Recurrent Events Using Longitudinal Health Informatics Data.

Accurate prediction of recurrent clinical events is crucial for effective management of chronic conditions such as cancer and cardiovascular disease. In recent years, longitudinal health informatics databases, which routinely collect data on repeated clinical events, have been increasingly utilized to construct risk prediction models. We introduce a novel nonparametric framework to predict recurrent events on a gap time scale using survival tree ensembles.

Dual mechanism of the OXA-23 carbapenemase inhibition by the carbapenem NA-1-157.

Carbapenem-resistant continues to be a leading cause of life-threatening infections that result in high mortality rates. The major cause of carbapenem resistance in this pathogen is the production of class D carbapenemases, enzymes that inactivate the last resort carbapenem antibiotics, thus significantly diminishing the available therapeutic options. In this study, we evaluated the interaction of OXA-23, the most widely disseminated class D carbapenemase in clinical isolates, with the atypically modified carbapenem, NA-1-157.

Subaqueous evidence of the last glacial maximum and its termination in southern Patagonia.

The glacial record of gLGM and T1 millennial-scale ice readvances is not continuous across the Patagonian Icefields. Whether missing records indicate that some ice lobes did not readvance during this time, or whether they are the result of burial or erosion of the record, remains to be investigated. We use high-resolution seismic reflection data to probe the glaciolacustrine sediments of Lago Argentino for subaqueous evidence of glacier readvances during the gLGM and T1.

Investigating bacterial evolution in nature with metagenomics.

Metagenomic sequencing has revolutionized our ability to capture the vast genetic diversity of microbiomes. The technique provides an especially detailed characterization of intraspecific diversity, and a growing number of studies are using that information to investigate bacterial evolution in nature. Here, we review how these studies operationally define evolution, the sampling approaches and metrics used, and the interpretation of the observed evolutionary signatures.

Validation of D-SCOPE Questionnaire: Dietitians' Survey of Comfort, Opinions, and Perceptions on Education in Supplements.

The field of dietary supplements is changing and evolving quickly. Registered Dietitian Nutritionists are recognized as experts in nutrition and familiarity with the usage of dietary supplements is expected. However, education on the use of dietary supplements is not equal across accredited dietetic education programs, which can lead to disparities in dietitians' feelings of preparedness, attitudes, and consequently experience of comfort regarding dietary supplements.

Help! I'm trapped in the brain-An escape room to review head and neck anatomy.

The popularity of escape rooms as a teaching tool in medical education has grown in recent years due to their ability to increase knowledge, self-confidence, and promote team-based skills. To increase efficacy in learning head and neck anatomy, a virtual escape room was built and employed as a review with a Health Professions Anatomy course. The concept was that students were trapped within the brain and had to determine the correct cranial nerve exit.

Computationally accelerated identification of P-glycoprotein inhibitors.

Overexpression of the polyspecific efflux transporter, P-glycoprotein (P-gp, MDR1, ABCB1), is a major mechanism by which cancer cells acquire multidrug resistance (MDR), the resistance to diverse chemotherapeutic drugs. Inhibiting drug transport by P-gp can resensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy, but there are no P-gp inhibitors available to patients. Clinically unsuccessful P-gp inhibitors tend to bind at the pump's transmembrane drug binding domains and are often P-gp transport substrates, resulting in lowered intracellular concentration of the drug and altered pharmacokinetics.

Efficacy of Low-Dose Rate Iodine-125 Plaque Brachytherapy in the Treatment of Uveal Melanoma.

Objective: Episcleral plaque brachytherapy (EPBT) provides effective local tumor control in uveal melanoma (UM), although dosing regimens vary across institutions. We report a single institution's experience of using low-dose rate Iodine-125 EPBT for the treatment of UM over a period of 38 years, evaluating long-term outcomes, complications, and survival rates.

Design: Retrospective chart review.

Defective Ribosome Recycling: A Bridge Between Translation Fidelity, Organelle Dysfunction, and Diseases: Exploring How Flawed Ribosome Recycling Factors Impact Ribosome Metabolism and Organelle Homeostasis, Leading to Human Diseases.

Ribosome recycling is a fundamental biological process crucial for cellular health. Defective recycling disrupts ribosome biogenesis and organelle function, particularly in mitochondria, contributing to ribosomopathies, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. While not directly linked to human diseases via known genetic mutations, emerging evidence suggests a critical interplay between ribosome recycling and organelle quality control.

Prehospital cardiac arrest resuscitation practices differ around the globe.

Background: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a major public health problem. This study aims to describe the international variations in the practices related to the initiation, termination, and refraining from resuscitation of adult patients (≥18 years) with a non-traumatic OHCA.

Methods: An exploratory descriptive study was conducted using a cross-sectional online survey.

Tree rings reveal persistent Western Apache (Ndee) fire stewardship and niche construction in the American Southwest.

Identifying the influence of low-density Indigenous populations in paleofire records has been methodologically challenging. In the Southwest United States, well-replicated fire histories suggest that abundant lightning and suitable climate conditions drove frequent low-severity wildfires in dry pine forests independent of human activities even as ethnography provided hints that highly mobile indigenous populations used fire in myriad land use contexts. Here, we leverage published and unpublished tree-ring fire history records from pine forests in Western Apache (Ndee) traditional territory in central and eastern Arizona (N = 34 sites, N = 649 trees) to demonstrate that historical fire regimes were overwhelmingly influenced by Ndee cultural burning.