Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) as a Biomarker in Clinically Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: SPIROMICS cohort.

Rationale: Inflammation is central to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pathogenesis but incompletely represented in COPD prognostic models. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a readily available inflammatory biomarker.

Objectives: To explore the associations of NLR with smoking status, clinical features of COPD, and future adverse outcomes.

AI-Powered Smartphone Application for Measuring Hallux Valgus Angle From Radiographs Displayed on a Monitor.

Introduction: We developed a smartphone application capable of automatically measuring the hallux valgus angle (HVA) and various intermetatarsal angles by capturing radiographic images displayed on a monitor. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of these measurements using the application.

Methods: Three users-a board-certified orthopedic surgeon, a resident, and a nonhealthcare professional (Users 1, 2, and 3)-independently used the application to measure angles on 92 radiographs from 92 consecutive patients.

Dairy-Derived Bioactive Peptides and the Risk of Prostate Cancer among Iranian Men: A Case-Control Study.

This case-control study aimed to assess the association of dairy-derived digestion-resistant bioactive peptides (BPs) with the risk of prostate cancer (PCa) in a cohort of 50 men with PCa and 99 controls. Dietary, demographic, and anthropometric factors of all participants were assessed. Various types of dairy-derived BPs were determined by an method.

Clinical insights into nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis in cancer patients: A case-based systematic review.

Background: Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) is a rare yet critical complication in cancer patients, with high embolic risk and poor prognoses. This systematic review investigates the clinical presentation, valve involvement, embolic risk, vegetation management, and prognostic variability across cancer types in NBTE cases.

Methods: Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive literature search in PubMed, Scopus, and Embase for studies from 2000 to September 2024.

Risk Factors and Causes of Inpatient Falls in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Tehran, Iran; A Retrospective Study.

Inpatient falls are a significant health concern, leading to increased hospital stays, costs, and potential severe injuries or death. This study aims to investigate the incidence, risk factors, and challenges of inpatient falls in Firoozgar hospital . This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Tehran, Iran.

Trends in the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D over a 10-year period in Japan: the research on osteoarthritis/osteoporosis against disability study 2005-2015.

Unlabelled: We examined the trends in vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency over a 10-year period in the general population. The prevalence of deficiency significantly decreased (29.5% vs.

Harnessing the Gut Microbiome in Cancer Immunotherapy: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Routes to Personalized Medicine-A Systematic Review.

IntroductionImmunotherapy approaches have improved by Immune check point inhibitors such as PD-1, CTLA-4, and PD-L1 inhibitors. However, the response to immunotherapy varies widely among patients due to various factors. Co-administration of probiotics with ICIs has become a promising strategy to improve therapeutic outcomes.

Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and risk of premature coronary artery disease in a multi-ethnic Iranian case-control study.

Background: The association of sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) and coronary artery disease (CAD) has not been well-established in Asians, where SSBs are the leading ultra-processed food product.

Objective: We aim to examine the association between SSBs and premature CAD (PCAD) in Iranian adults.

Design: Case-control.

Unusual Complications after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Gastrointestinal Bleeding in an Elderly Patient with Previous Coronary Artery Bypass Graft: A Case Report.

The care of an 89-year-old male patient with severe as who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) with the MYVAL 24.5 valve is the subject of this case study. The patient's medical history was complicated by osteoporosis, advanced age, and a prior coronary artery bypass graft (CABG).

Is peres formula reliable for determination of proper position of central venous catheter tip in Iranian population?

Introduction: Accurate positioning of central venous catheter (CVC) tips is essential to minimize complications such as arrhythmias, thrombosis, or cardiac tamponade.

Methods: This study evaluated the reliability of the Peres formula, which estimates CVC tip placement based on patient height, within an Iranian population. A cross-sectional analysis of 100 patients undergoing cardiac surgery revealed that the Peres formula often resulted in incorrect CVC positioning, necessitating radiographic confirmation and post-insertion adjustments.

Radiation-induced coronary artery calcification in breast cancer: insights from a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Radiation therapy for breast cancer increases the risk of coronary artery disease by promoting atherosclerotic plaques. However, the extent of changes in coronary artery calcification (CAC) scores postradiation and the influencing factors remain unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated studies investigating changes in CAC scores following breast cancer radiation therapy.

Revolutionizing cardiac fibrosis treatment: the potential of personalized CAR T-cell therapy.

Cardiac fibrosis, a condition characterized by the deposition of excess collagen in the cardiac tissue, is a major complication of various cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction, hypertension, and different types of cardiomyopathies. CAR T-cell therapy, a form of immunotherapy that involves the genetic modification of T cells to recognize and target specific antigens, has shown promise in the treatment of various cancers and autoimmune diseases. The rationale behind using CAR T-cell therapy to treat cardiac fibrosis lies in the fact that fibrosis is often driven by the activation of pro-fibrotic immune cells, such as myofibroblasts.

Radiomics early assessment of post chemotherapy cardiotoxicity in cancer patients using 2D echocardiography imaging an interpretable machine learning study.

Cardiotoxicity is the loss of the heart muscle's ability to contract effectively, often due to chemotherapy or radiation therapy. This study uses interpretable machine learning to predict post-chemotherapy cardiotoxicity using radiomics features extracted from the baseline echocardiography images. The study involved 100 cancer patients at Rajaei Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center.

Family history of fracture and fracture risk: a meta-analysis to update the FRAX® risk assessment tool.

Unlabelled: In the largest meta-analysis of international cohorts to date, a family history of fracture is confirmed as a significant BMD-independent predictor of future fracture risk. Parental and sibling histories of fracture carry the same significance for future fracture, including the impact of family hip fracture on future hip fracture risk.

Purpose: We have undertaken a meta-analysis of international prospective cohorts to quantify the relationship between a family history of fracture and future fracture incidence.

Retrograde device-assisted lumen-apposing metal stent insertion for candy cane syndrome.

Background And Aims: Candy cane syndrome is a rare adverse event of gastric bypass or gastrectomy, where a blind jejunal pouch fills with food, causing dilation and compression of the efferent limb, leading to obstructive symptoms like vomiting and regurgitation. Surgical resection is curative but technically challenging, and endoscopic treatment using lumen-apposing metal stent (LAMS) insertion has been attempted.

Methods: This case describes a retrograde LAMS insertion in a patient with previous total gastrectomy who presented a decade later with dysphagia and food regurgitation.

Effect of Acupressure on Pain and Sleep Quality of Patients with Cancer after Undergoing Surgery Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit: A Single-blind Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Pain and sleep disturbances are among the most common symptoms and complications in cancer patients. This study aims to evaluate the effect of acupressure at the LI4 and SP6 points on pain and sleep quality in cancer patients after surgery.

Materials And Methods: In this single-blind randomized clinical trial, cancer patients admitted to the intensive care unit at the Cancer Institute of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran, Iran in 2022, following surgery, were divided into two equal groups of 39: an intervention group and a control group.

Characterization of cardiac sarcoidosis in Iranian patients using cardiac magnetic resonance and positron emission tomography imaging techniques.

Background: Cardiac involvement in sarcoidosis is associated with high mortality but is often underrecognized due to diagnostic challenges. Advanced imaging modalities like Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) and Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography (FDG-PET) are highly sensitive for detecting myocardial inflammation and scarring, aiding in the diagnosis and management of cardiac sarcoidosis. The objective of this study was to characterize the imaging features of cardiac sarcoidosis in Iranian patients using these advanced cardiac imaging modalities.

Post-dialysis serum osmolality as a predictor of interdialytic weight gain in diabetic and non-diabetic hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Excessive interdialytic weight gain (IDWG) in hemodialysis is associated with high mortality. Limited evidence suggests that diabetes (DM) may exacerbate IDWG. We aimed to investigate whether the presence of diabetes and diabetes control have an effect on IDWG.

Comparative Utility of 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT in Assessing Treatment Response in a Case of Metastatic Anal Melanoma With Brain Involvement.

A 59-year-old man with metastatic melanoma and brain metastases underwent brain radiotherapy. Following treatment, he developed neurological symptoms, prompting further evaluation. To assess the treatment response and possibility of Lutetium-177-FAPI therapy, both 18F-FDG PET/CT and 68Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT scans were performed.

Pyoderma gangrenosum, as the first clinical presentation of systemic lupus erythematous, a case report and comprehensive literature review.

Background: Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) can be related to a range of systemic and hematologic diseases. The relationship between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and PG has rarely been discussed.

Case Presentation: In this case study, we report on an SLE patient who presented with PG.

Tc-SNW-1 Nanoparticle Labeling and Its Biodistribution/Pathological Evaluations.

This study aimed to evaluate the targeted diagnostic imaging and therapeutic applications of SNW-1 nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were synthesized using microwave technique and characterized in terms of size, zeta potential, morphology, and chemical structure. The results demonstrated that the quasispherical and planar nanoparticles with the size of 370.

Worldwide procedural variations of primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from the "Stent - Save a Life!" initiative.

Background: ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) outcomes have improved through initiatives that promote timely access to primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, little is known about how primary PCI is performed across different settings. This study proposes to characterize and compare practical aspects of primary PCI globally.

The role of complement C3 deposition in ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis: a registry-based study of clinical, histopathological, and prognostic insights.

Background: ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis (ANCA-GN) is a leading cause of pauci-immune crescentic GN. Recent evidence indicates that complement activation, marked by C3 deposition in glomeruli, may contribute to more severe renal injury and influence renal outcomes. We aim to evaluate the clinical, histopathological, and prognostic implications of C3 deposition in ANCA-GN.

COVID-19 vaccines and neurological disorders: A narrative review of immune responses and adverse reactions.

COVID-19 vaccines have been effective in providing strong immunity within a relatively short time frame, significantly reducing both the severity of the disease and associated mortality. However, post-vaccination complications, particularly neurological disorders, have been reported. Among the more frequently documented neurological complications are acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), multiple sclerosis (MS), transverse myelitis (TM), optic neuritis (ON), Bell's palsy (BP), and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS).

The association between metabolic-associated fatty liver diseases and risk of colorectal polyps, neoplasia, and cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of over 56 million individuals.

Background And Aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) affect over 30 % of the global population. Extrahepatic manifestations, including colorectal malignancies, represent the second leading cause of death in these patients. This study evaluates the association between NAFLD/MAFLD and colorectal polyps, neoplasia, and cancer.