Relationship of long-term air pollution exposure with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an Italian multicentre observational study.

Background: Recent evidence showed that 50% of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may be attributable to air pollution. We aimed to investigate the association between long-term air pollution exposure and COPD symptoms/diagnosis in an Italian epidemiological study.

Methods: A total of 14 420 adults living in Ancona, Pavia, Pisa, Sassari, Turin and Verona were investigated in 2005-2011.

Identification of glutamate-related disease-dependent alterations in subventricular NSCs of the 3xTg Alzheimer's disease model, could they be involved in attempting damage repair?

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterised by several factors, such as impaired glutamate neurotransmission affecting crucial functions. Neural stem cells (NSCs) are present in the adult brains of all mammalian species and contribute to the continuous generation of neural cells throughout life. The disruption of glutamate levels during the development of AD could impact NSCs' functionality, influencing their response to the microenvironment.

Patisiran in ATTRv amyloidosis with polyneuropathy: "PatisiranItaly" multicenter observational study.

Background: Hereditary amyloid transthyretin amyloidosis with polyneuropathy (ATTRv-PN) is a rare, inherited, multisystemic, progressive adult-onset disease, affecting sensorimotor nerves, and various organs. It is caused by mutations in the TTR gene, leading to misfolded monomers that aggregate, forming amyloid fibrils. Patisiran is a small, double-stranded interfering RNA encapsulated in a lipid nanoparticle, designed to enter hepatocytes and selectively target TTR mRNA to reduce both variant TTR and wild-type TTR (wt).

Genomic diversity in time and space in the toxic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia multistriata.

Understanding the origin and maintenance of genetic diversity is crucial to elucidate population dynamics of unicellular microalgae, their microevolutionary history and their adaptive ability. The planktonic, domoic acid-producing diatom Pseudo-nitzschia multistriata has a ubiquitous distribution in the world oceans and past population genetics studies, based on few genomic loci, have shown a clear temporal structure over different years in the Gulf of Naples (Italy). Despite the ecological and toxicological importance of this organism, detailed information on its diversity across the whole genome and at the population level is still lacking.

Efficacy of concentrated growth factor in the surgical treatment of postanaesthetic palatal necrosis.

Background: Although uncommon, adverse local and systemic reactions to local anesthetic administration can occurred. The postanesthetic necrosis is a rare complication which usually involved the palatal region. The wound healing is a complex process regulated by a range of growth factors.

How to Approach Left Ventricular Hypertrabeculation: A Practical Guide and Literature Review.

Left ventricular hypertrabeculation is one of the most debated conditions in modern cardiology. Many studies have tried to characterise this disease by addressing the various clinical risks and diagnostic tools, but its very nosological existence is currently being challenged. The latest ESC guidelines on cardiomyopathies state that it should be addressed as a morphologic trait rather than an intrinsic disease of the cardiac muscle.

The evolutionary history of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) revealed by chloroplast and nuclear genomes analysis.

The origin of common bean was investigated throughout chloroplast and nuclear WGS data considering recombination events. Our results support the Mesoamerican origin of common bean. The remarkable evolutionary history of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.

Beta-Blockers and Long-Term Mortality in Takotsubo Syndrome: Results of the Multicenter GEIST Registry.

Background: Beta-blockers are considered a reasonable therapy for patients with Takotsubo syndrome (TTS), commonly used despite the absence of consistent evidence about its prognosis impact.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the impact of beta-blocker therapy on long-term mortality and TTS recurrence.

Methods: The authors analyzed 2,853 patients discharged with a confirmed TTS diagnosis, enrolled in the international multicenter GEIST (The GErman Italian Spanish Takotsubo Registry).

Temporal trends of characteristics and management of patients with suspected MINOCA.

Background: Myocardial infarction without obstructive coronary artery disease (MINOCA) is a challenging condition which requires appropriate management and therapy. Although specific guidelines and recommendations for this condition have been introduced, there are few data about management implementation over time. The aim of this study is to compare two cohorts of patients affected by suspected MINOCA to assess the temporal trends change in the clinical characteristics and management.

Implementation of guideline-directed medical therapy in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (OpTIMa-HF Registry).

Aims: The last released European guidelines on the management of heart failure (HF) recommend in patients with chronic HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) a pharmacological approach based on four fundamental drugs to be rapidly implemented and then uptitrated to modify disease progression. The aim of the Optimization of Therapy in the Italian Management of Heart Failure (OPTIMA-HF) registry is to collect data on chronic HF outpatients in different settings of care. In the present analysis, we report the first analysis of the OPTIMA-HF registry, focusing on the real-life use of guideline-directed medical therapy in patients affected by HFrEF.

The role of professional oral hygiene in enhancing outcomes of maxillofacial trauma surgery.

Background: The oral cavity poses challenges in surgical interventions due to its microbial flora. Maxillofacial trauma surgeries are vulnerable to infections, complicating recovery. Traditional methods, including antibiotic prophylaxis, have limitations, highlighting the need for complementary strategies.

Ultra High-Density Mapping and Ablation of Localized Micro-Reentrant Tachycardias: Insight From the CHARISMA Registry.

Background: Recent advancements in ultra-high-density mapping (UHDM) featuring automated functionalities have enhanced our understanding of micro-reentrant atrial tachycardias (mAT) circuits and the precise localization of the origin.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic support provided by an automated UHDM algorithm in guiding the ablation of mATs.

Methods: Consecutive patients eligible for AT ablation in 22 Italian centers were prospectively enrolled.

Zonisamide oral suspension as adjunctive therapy for treating partial seizures in adults and in pediatric patients aged 16 years and older with epilepsy.

Introduction: Zonisamide (ZNS), is an antiseizure medication (ASM) approved by the US FDA and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for focal-onset seizures. An oral suspension formulation has recently been introduced to improve administration for specific patient populations, particularly those with swallowing difficulties.

Areas Covered: This article explores the new ZNS oral suspension, evaluating its pharmacokinetic benefits, impact on patient care, and adherence.

Development of PFAS-Free Locally Concentrated Ionic Liquid Electrolytes for High-Energy Lithium and Aluminum Metal Batteries.

ConspectusLithium-ion batteries (LIBs) based on graphite anodes are a widely used state-of-the-art battery technology, but their energy density is approaching theoretical limits, prompting interest in lithium-metal batteries (LMBs) that can achieve higher energy density. In addition, the limited availability of lithium reserves raises supply concerns; therefore, research on postlithium metal batteries is underway. A major issue with these metal anodes, including lithium, is dendritic formation and insufficient reversibility, which leads to safety risks due to short circuits and the use of flammable electrolytes.

Three-year treatment with anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies modifies migraine course: the prospective, multicenter I-GRAINE study.

Objectives: To determine whether extending anti-CGRP mAb treatment beyond 3 years influences migraine course, we analyzed migraine frequency during the first month of treatment discontinuation following three 12-month treatment cycles (Ts).

Methods: This multicenter, prospective, real-world study enrolled 212 patients with high-frequency episodic migraine (HFEM) or chronic migraine (CM) who completed three consecutive Ts of subcutaneous anti-CGRP mAbs. Discontinuation periods (D1, D2, D3) were defined as the first month after T1, T2, and T3, respectively.

Saponins Effect on Human Insulin Amyloid Aggregation.

The misfolding and amyloid aggregation of proteins have been attracting scientific interest for a few decades, due to their link with several diseases, particularly neurodegenerative diseases. Proteins can assemble and result in insoluble aggregates that, together with intermediate oligomeric species, modify the extracellular environment. Many efforts have been and are devoted to the search for cosolvents and cosolutes able to interfere with amyloid aggregation.

Advances in Cardiovascular Multimodality Imaging in Patients with Marfan Syndrome.

Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a genetic disorder affecting connective tissue, often leading to cardiovascular complications such as aortic aneurysms and mitral valve prolapse. Cardiovascular multimodality imaging plays a crucial role in the diagnosis, monitoring, and management of MFS patients. This review explores the advancements in echocardiography, cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), cardiac computed tomography (CCT), and nuclear medicine techniques in MFS.

In situ forming gels as subcutaneous delivery systems of curcumin and piperine.

In this study an in situ forming gel for curcumin and piperine delivery is investigated as a long-lasting strategy in the local treatment of inflammatory and degenerative joint disease, such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Particularly glyceryl monooleate, in association with phosphatidylcholine and ethanol, were employed. Different ratios between excipients were tested, with the aim to obtain a liquid form suitable for subcutaneous injection, gaining a semisolid consistency in contact with biological fluids.

Validation of Putative Effector Genes in Different Host Peach () Cultivars and Defense Response Investigation.

is the most common and destructive brown rot agent on peaches. Knowledge of gene expression mediating host-pathogen interaction is essential to manage fungal plant diseases. putative virulence factors have been predicted by genome investigations.

Impact of Periodontitis and Oral Dysbiosis Metabolites in the Modulation of Accelerating Ageing and Human Senescence.

Periodontitis, a chronic multifactorial inflammatory condition of the periodontium, is originated by a dysbiotic oral microbiota and is negatively correlated with several systemic diseases. The low-chronic burden of gingival inflammation not only exacerbates periodontitis but also predisposes individuals to a spectrum of age-related conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic dysfunction, especially related to ageing. In this regard, over the local periodontal treatment, lifestyle modifications and adjunctive therapies may offer synergistic benefits in ameliorating both oral and systemic health in ageing populations.

Results of ICE-Guided Isolation of the Superior Vena Cava With Pulsed Field Ablation.

Background: Earlier studies have documented the risk for sinoatrial node injury and phrenic nerve paralysis as complications following radiofrequency catheter ablation for electrical isolation of the superior vena cava (SVCI).

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the safety and feasibility of SVCI in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing pulsed field ablation (PFA) METHODS: A total of 1,600 consecutive patients undergoing PFA for pulmonary vein isolation plus SVCI were included in this multicenter analysis. Superior vena cava (SVC) ablation was performed under the continuous guidance of intracardiac echocardiography.

Chondrocutaneous Custom-made Graft for Upper Lateral and Alar Cartilage Nose Reconstruction: The T Graft.

Upper lateral cartilage and alar cartilage nose reconstruction secondary to failed aesthetic procedure or tumor excision, surely represents a reconstructive challenge for plastic surgeons, because of the support needed and for the function of the internal nasal valve (INV). Several scientific publications deal with internal nasal reconstructive techniques, including simple homologous or heterologous tissue grafts. We describe a new hybrid chondrocutaneous graft used for reconstruction of the upper lateral cartilage and a portion of the alar cartilage (cephalic part), excised with the adherent nasal mucosa (in correspondence with INV), included in the tumor mass.