Assessment and recovery of visually guided reaching deficits following cerebellar stroke.

The cerebellum is known to play an important role in the coordination and timing of limb movements. The present study focused on how reach kinematics are affected by cerebellar lesions to quantify both the presence of motor impairment, and recovery of motor function over time. In the current study, 12 patients with isolated cerebellar stroke completed clinical measures of cognitive and motor function, as well as a visually guided reaching (VGR) task using the Kinarm exoskeleton at baseline (∼2 weeks), as well as 6, 12, and 24-weeks post-stroke.

Perspectives of patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a lapse in routine health care and cancer screenings for many individuals. This study sought to improve our understanding of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on women being treated for breast cancer, both in general, and specifically related to their diagnosis.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted between August 2021 and February 2022 with women who were receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy for early-stage breast cancer at the Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center in Columbus, Ohio.

Cognition and education benefits of increased hemoglobin and blood oxygenation in children with sickle cell disease.

Background: Among individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD), decreased hemoglobin is associated with lower oxygen saturation (SpO2) and increased risk of stroke, both of which are associated with lower intelligence quotient (IQ) scores. Thus, increasing hemoglobin and SpO2 in individuals with SCD may increase IQ and educational attainment.

Methods: A cohort simulation model was built to determine academic performance and educational attainment based on cognitive function (measured by IQ) of a pediatric SCD cohort randomly assigned to treatment and control groups.

Understanding Concerns about COVID-19 and Vaccination: Perspectives from Kidney Transplant Recipients.

The COVID-19 pandemic poses a significant risk for immunosuppressed groups such as transplant patients. The purpose of this study was to improve our understanding of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on kidney transplant recipients, including their views on COVID-19 vaccination. Semi-structured interviews were conducted from December 2021 to August 2022 with 38 kidney transplant recipients who had an appointment with their transplant care team within the previous 6 months.

Maternal Chronic Ultrasound Stress Provokes Immune Activation and Behavioral Deficits in the Offspring: A Mouse Model of Neurodevelopmental Pathology.

Neurodevelopmental disorders stemming from maternal immune activation can significantly affect a child's life. A major limitation in pre-clinical studies is the scarcity of valid animal models that accurately mimic these challenges. Among the available models, administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to pregnant females is a widely used paradigm.

The neural correlates of continuous feedback processing.

Feedback processing is commonly studied by analyzing the brain's response to discrete rather than continuous events. Such studies have led to the hypothesis that rapid phasic midbrain dopaminergic activity tracks reward prediction errors (RPEs), the effects of which are measurable at the scalp via electroencephalography (EEG). Although studies using continuous feedback are sparse, recent animal work suggests that moment-to-moment changes in reward are tracked by slowly ramping midbrain dopaminergic activity.

Anthraquinone-Polyaniline-Integrated Textile Platforms for In Situ Electrochemical Production of Hydrogen Peroxide for Microbial Deactivation.

Hydrogen peroxide (HO) is a versatile and effective disinfectant against common pathogenic bacteria such as (). Electrochemical HO generation has been studied in the past, but a lack of studies exists on miniaturized electrochemical platforms for the on-demand synthesis of HO for antibacterial applications. In this article, a chemically modified cotton textile platform capable of in situ HO production is demonstrated for deactivation.

Rasch analysis of the beck depression inventory in a homeless and precariously housed sample.

The approach to analysis of and interpretation of findings from the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), a self-report questionnaire, depends on sample characteristics. To extend work using conventional BDI scoring, the BDI's suitability in assessing symptom severity in a homeless and precariously housed sample was examined using Rasch analysis. Participants (n=478) recruited from an impoverished neighbourhood in Vancouver, Canada, completed the BDI.

The Role of Human and Organizational Factors in the Pursuit of One Digital Health.

Objective: This paper surveys a subset of the 2022 human and organizational factor (HOF) literature to provide guidance on building a One Digital Health ecosystem.

Methods: We searched a subset of journals in PubMed/Medline for studies with "human factors" or "organization" in the title or abstract. Papers published in 2022 were eligible for inclusion in the survey.

The effect of alibi consistency, presence of physical evidence and timing of disclosure on mock juror perceptions.

Inconsistent alibis often are viewed negatively, but they may be due to simple mistakes and not deception. The strength of alibi evidence also matters; alibis supported by strong corroborative physical evidence are more believable than alibis with no physical evidence. The timing at which the alibi is disclosed to the prosecution also can affect alibi believability.

Participatory Inequality Across Countries: Contacting Public Officials Online and Offline.

The Internet offers low-cost ways to participate in political life, which reduces the motivation required to participate and thus potentially reduces inequalities in participation. I examine online and offline contacting of elected officials using original survey data from Canada, France, the United Kingdom, and the United States collected in 2019 and 2021. Education is a consistent positive predictor of contacting in all countries as well as both modes of contact (online and offline).

User Satisfaction With a Daily Supportive Text Message Program (Text4PTSI) for Public Safety Personnel: Longitudinal Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Public safety personnel (PSP) are exposed to traumatic events due to their work environments, which increases the risk of mental health challenges. Providing effective and evidence-based interventions, such as SMS text messaging programs, can improve PSP's overall mental well-being with high user satisfaction rates.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate users' satisfaction, receptiveness, and perceptions of a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based supportive SMS text messaging intervention (Text4PTSI).

Identifying Failure Modes in Telemedicine: An Instructional Needs Assessment.

Technology failures in telehealth are common, and clinicians need the skills to diagnose and manage them at the point of care. However, there are issues beyond technology failures mediating the effective use of telehealth. We must teach best-practice procedures for conducting telemedicine visits and include in instructional simulations commonly encountered failure modes so students can build their skills.

Differential Perceptions of What Constitutes a Medical Error Associated with Electronic Medical Records.

Perceptions of errors associated with healthcare information technology (HIT) often depend on the context and position of the viewer. HIT vendors posit very different causes of errors than clinicians, implementation teams, or IT staff. Even within the same hospital, members of departments and services often implicate other departments.

Automation vs. Innovation: Unexplored Strategies to Improve Virtual Care.

While there is a global desire to increase digital health capacity, digital health should transform health services delivery rather than simply automate - or worse - replicate existing practices. Failing to capitalize on this transformative potential misses an opportunity to engage patients and other users to provide a more person-centered experience. However, digital transformation done recklessly can disrupt workflow, alienate users, and jeopardize patient safety, as we have observed with implementation of many digital health tools.

Patient and provider perspectives on the use of patient portals during pregnancy and the postpartum period.

Introduction: Interest in the use of patient portals to support prenatal and postpartum care is growing. This study was conducted to understand patient and provider perspectives about the impact of portal use during pregnancy and the postpartum period.

Methods: Interviews were conducted with 30 pregnant or postpartum patients and 15 obstetric care providers at an academic medical center that offers its patients access to an outpatient portal.

Policymaker perspectives on self-management of disease and disabilities using information and communication technologies.

Background: Policies that support health self-management are malleable and highly dependent on various factors that influence governments. Within a world that is shifting toward digitalization due to pressures such as the COVID-19 pandemic and labor shortages, policymaking on older adults' self-management of chronic diseases and disability using information and communication technologies (ICTs) needs to be better understood. Using the province of Ontario, in Canada, as a case study, the research question was What is the environment that policymakers must navigate through in development and implementation of policies related to older adults' self-management of disease and disability using information and communication technologies (ICTs)?

Methods: This study used a qualitative approach where public servants from 4 ministries within the government of Ontario were invited to participate in a 1-h, one-on-one, semi-structured interview.

Improving physiotherapy students' anatomy learning experience and short-term knowledge retention-An observational study in Malta.

Anatomy is physiotherapy's foundation. However, undergraduate classroom learning and knowledge acquisition-retention remain questionable. This study explored the possibility of improving this learning experience and evaluates the gross anatomy of abdomen and pelvis short-term knowledge retention among first-year physiotherapy students in Malta.

How Do We Keep our Heads above Water? An Embedded Mixed-Methods Study Exploring Implementation of a Workplace Reintegration Program for Nurses Affected by Operational Stress Injury.

Background: Nurses are exposed to potentially psychologically traumatic events which can lead to operational stress injuries (OSI). Workplace reintegration after an OSI can be challenging, especially with repeated exposure to potentially traumatic scenarios and workplace demands. A workplace reintegration program (RP) originally developed for police officers may be of benefit for nurses returning to work after an OSI.

Standby Ties that Mobilize: Social Media Platforms and Civic Engagement.

Nonprofit organizations and groups depend on donations and volunteers for their survival. Digital media can help by offering a platform for making online donations and facilitating online volunteering, but also by identifying and connecting with people who are sympathetic to an organization's mission. This article employs four-country (USA, UK, France, and Canada) representative survey data ( = 6291) to examine the use of social media for establishing connections between citizens and organizations as well as the relationship of these connections to online and offline volunteering and donating.

A specific dispiropiperazine derivative that arrests cell cycle, induces apoptosis, necrosis and DNA damage.

Dispiropiperazine compounds are a class of molecules known to confer biological activity, but those that have been studied as cell cycle regulators are few in number. Here, we report the characterization and synthesis of two dispiropiperazine derivatives: the previously synthesized spiro[2',3]-bis(acenaphthene-1'-one)perhydrodipyrrolo-[1,2-a:1,2-d]-pyrazine (SPOPP-3, 1), and its previously undescribed isomer, spiro[2',5']-bis(acenaphthene-1'-one)perhydrodipyrrolo-[1,2-a:1,2-d]-pyrazine (SPOPP-5, 2). SPOPP-3 (1), but not SPOPP-5 (2), was shown to have anti-proliferative activity against a panel of 18 human cancer cell lines with IC values ranging from 0.

Effects of larval host and natural microsporidian infection on adult life history traits of the forest tent caterpillar (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae).

Host affiliation and entomopathogenic infections play a major role in shaping population dynamics of the forest tent caterpillar (FTC), Malacosoma disstria Hübner (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae). The effect of these individual factors has been studied, but it is unknown whether interactions between these factors significantly impact FTC life history traits. In the laboratory, we investigated a tritrophic interaction among larval diet, larval microsporidian infection, and FTC life history traits.

Transition Into the Caregiver Role Among Older Adults: A Study of Social Participation and Social Support Based on the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

Objectives: Older adults (65 years and older) are increasingly providing care for their spouses, family members, and nonkin others (e.g., friends and neighbors).