Implicating neuroinflammation in hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and amygdala with cognitive deficit: a narrative review.

Neuroinflammation is known to be a contributing factor for several neurological disorders as well as cognitive dysfunction. Different signalling pathways, and a variety of supporting cells of CNS are suggested to be involved in the progression of neurodegeneration. Among the factors contributing to neuroinflammation, peripheral inflammation takes a lead role according to recent research, since persistent peripheral inflammation is believed to disrupt the blood-brain barrier (BBB).

Association Between Sleep and Depression in Patients with Fibromyalgia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.

Objectives: Sleep and depression are known to be related in patients with fibromyalgia but the strength of this association is not well defined. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the association between subjective and objective sleep parameters with depression and to quantitatively summarize the results.

Methods: Five English databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar) were systematically searched for studies published between January 2000 and March 2025.

Predictors of cervicogenic headache in patients with chronic neck pain: a prospective study of 6-month follow-up.

Background: Cervicogenic headache is a common condition frequently associated with cervical spine disorders. It significantly impairs physical and psychological well-being. To date, no study has prospectively investigated the predictors of Cervicogenic headache.

Malignant Hidradenoma of the Scalp: A Rare Case with Diagnostic Challenges and Immunohistochemical Insights.

Introduction: Hidradenocarcinoma is an extremely rare and aggressive malignant tumor originating from eccrine sweat glands. It typically presents with nonspecific clinical features, which makes early diagnosis challenging. The tumor is known for its potential for recurrence and metastasis, often complicating management.

Effectiveness of Exercise-Based Interventions on Molecular Biomarkers in Head and Neck Cancer (HNC) Survivors: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: HNC poses significant health challenges globally with over 650 000 new cases annually. Studies have demonstrated the benefits of exercise for many cancer types, with several exploring the effects of exercise on various molecular biomarkers. However, no study has systematically explored these effects among HNC survivors.

Situs inversus totalis with pleural empyema: a clue to ciliary dysfunction.

Situs inversus totalis (SIT) is a rare congenital anomaly characterised by a complete mirror-image reversal of internal organ positioning. It is often associated with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), a disorder characterised by defective mucociliary clearance and recurrent respiratory infections. Pulmonary complications are common in PCD, but diagnosis is often delayed unless phenotypic clues such as SIT are recognised early.

Multiple sexual partnership (MSP) and its distribution, determinants, gender differences, socio-economic inequalities and regional patterns: a nested multilevel regression analysis of a nationally representative survey among Indian youth (15-24 years).

Introduction: The youth age group (15-24 years) is a crucial transition period between adolescence and adulthood, which shapes the sexual behaviour of humans as an adult. Unsafe sexual behaviours, such as Multiple Sexual Partnerships (MSP), can increase the risk of sexually transmitted diseases among Indian males and females. Hence, to prevent MSP early, an assessment of MSP is needed among Indian youth along with its determinants for targeted interventions.

In-kind Nutritional Supplementation for Persons With Drug-susceptible Tuberculosis and Their Household Contacts Would be Cost-effective for Reducing Tuberculosis Incidence and Mortality in Jharkhand, India: A Modeling Study.

Background: Undernutrition is the leading cause of tuberculosis (TB) globally, but nutritional interventions are often considered cost-prohibitive. The RATIONS study demonstrated that nutritional supplementation to household contacts of persons with TB can reduce TB incidence, yet economic evaluations of such strategies remain limited.

Methods: Using a Markov model, we assessed the cost-effectiveness of a RATIONS-style intervention (monthly food basket providing 750 kcal, 23 g of protein, and a multi-micronutrient tablet daily) for household contacts of persons with TB, as compared to no nutritional support.

Effectiveness Of The Core Activation And Rehabilitation Exercises For Knee Osteoarthritis - Program (CARE -KOA ) Among Patients Diagnosed With Knee Osteoarthritis.

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a prevalent condition. Recent research highlights the role of kinetic chain and core muscle involvement in disease progression, yet evidence for structured core activation protocols such as CARE-KOA© remains limited.This study addresses this gap by evaluating the effectiveness of CARE-KOA©, which specifically targets proximal stability and biomechanical deficits in KOA, aiming to enhance pain, function, and core endurance beyond conventional approaches.

Diagnostic accuracy of convolutional neural networks in classifying hepatic steatosis from B-mode ultrasound images: a systematic review with meta-analysis and novel validation in a community setting in Telangana, India.

Background: Ultrasound is a widely available, inexpensive, and non-invasive modality for evaluating hepatic steatosis (HS). However, the scarcity of radiological expertise limits its utility. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have potential for automated classification of HS using B-mode ultrasound images.

Detection of Hypervirulence Genes and Drug Resistance in in Diagnostic Microbiology.

Hypervirulent (hvKp) is emerging and gaining notoriety due to the acquisition of drug resistance. Differentiation of hvKp from classical (cKp) is essential for prompt initiation of therapy to prevent metastasis, detection of occult abscesses, and site-specific management for better patient outcomes. A total of 300 isolates from various clinical specimens were collected from 256 patients to determine their clinical profiles, antibiograms, risk factors, and patient outcomes.

Unveiling a rare surgical phenomenon: Symptomatic pancreatic lipoma's diagnosis and management.

Introduction: Pancreatic lipomas are rare benign mesenchymal tumors, usually asymptomatic and incidentally detected on radiological investigations due to their unique characteristic appearance on imaging. However, a rare case presented with symptoms, and required surgical management, which is reported here.

Case Report: A 59-year-old woman with abdominal pain, reduced appetite, and non-bilious vomiting was found to have a pancreatic head lipoma compressing adjacent organs.

Bridging the molecular and clinical aspects of resveratrol in Alzheimer's disease: a review.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive brain disorder that affects neurological functioning specifically targeting cognition, memory and behaviour. Pathology starts with the accumulation of tau proteins which on phosphorylation can be destructive for brain function. With gold standard drugs like Donepezil, there have been several attempts made to discover adjuvant therapeutic molecules such as plant-based products that could not only ease the ill-toward effects of these drugs, but also lead to the betterment of the patients suffering from AD.

Repurposing the hypoglycaemic agents for neuroinflammation, a comprehensive review.

The shared pathways between neuroinflammation and diabetes mellitus involve the NLRP3 inflammasome and subsequent production of the IL-1β. Chronic hyperactivation of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis and innate immunity are implicated in neurological disorders and diabetes. Repurposing drugs with anti-inflammatory properties allows for faster clinical translation in neuroinflammation as compared to developing new drugs from scratch.

Association of hand grip strength and bite force on the presence of plaque among adults aged 35-44 years in Mangalore - a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To determine the associations of hand grip strength and bite force on presence of plaque in the adult population in Mangalore. The research hypothesis was that hand grip strength, bite force, and plaque scores are associated.

Results: A total of 48 patients were included, among whom 20 (41.

Association of Emotional Intelligence of Primigravida Mothers with Breastfeeding Self-efficacy in the Early Postpartum Period and Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates up to 6 Months.

Introduction: Breastfeeding prevents the mortality and morbidity in children. The psychosocial factors, including breastfeeding self-efficacy (BSES SF), play a crucial role in breastfeeding success. Emotional intelligence (EI) facilitates people to comprehend and manage their own emotions and solve problems.

Dual tasking as a predictor of falls in post-stroke: A cross-sectional analysis comparing Walking While Talking versus Stops Walking While Talking.

Background: Dual-task assessments, including Walking While Talking (WWT) and Stops Walking While Talking (SWWT) tests, predict fall risk in stroke survivors. However, their effectiveness relative to established predictors, such as the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Falls Efficacy Scale (FES), remains unclear. This study evaluated the comparative predictive value of WWT and SWWT tests alongside BBS and FES among stroke survivors.

Evaluation of TTF-1, Napsin A, p40, and p63 in the Subtyping of Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma: A Cross-Sectional Study from India.

Background & Objective: Subtyping non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) into adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is crucial for selecting appropriate molecular tests, as driver mutations are often subtype-specific. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of TTF-1, Napsin A, p40, and p63 immunohistochemical (IHC) markers in subtyping NSCLC on small biopsies, with the goal of identifying a minimal marker panel.

Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, from January 2014 to December 2020.

Evaluating the Impact of Patient Education on Knowledge, Self-Efficacy, and Quality of Life in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive inflammatory lung condition with no definitive cure. Acute exacerbations (AE) are critical events that accelerate disease progression, leading to significant deterioration in lung function, reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and increased mortality risk. Effective disease education and self-management strategies play a vital role in mitigating these adverse effects.

LC-MS Analysis of Bioactive Compounds in Cynodon dactylon: A Step Towards Therapeutic drug development.

Purpose: Phytochemicals are naturally occurring bioactive compounds produced by plants as a defense against environmental stressors. Cynodon dactylon is a widely distributed medicinal plant known for its diverse pharmacological properties. The present study explores the bioactive compounds of the hydro-alcoholic extract of Cynodon dactylon.

Tissue Staplers in Transcervical Diverticulectomy - A Novel Approach to Closing Zenker's Diverticulum.

Zenker's diverticulum is a type of false pulsion diverticulum arising from the gap between the inferior constrictor muscle and the cricopharyngeus, secondary to heightened pressure within the lumen and a malfunctioning cricopharyngeal muscle. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment having exceptional success rates with the post-surgical risk of recurrence lying between 4.2 and 18.