Stable microclimates and autonomic modulation in horses housed in different stable architectures during monsoon in a tropical environment.

Background: The impact of climate conditions and stable design on horses housed in individual stalls plays a significant role in their well-being, especially in tropical climates. Limited information exists regarding their conditions during the monsoon season.

Objective: This study focused on the stable microclimate and autonomic regulation of horses kept in different stable architectures during the monsoon in a tropical setting.

Endophytic xylariaceous fungi from rice in northern Thailand: discovery of novel species and new host records.

Rice ( L.) is a major economic crop and a staple food in Asian countries, especially Thailand. Various fungi, including endophytes, are associated with rice and play a significant role in its growth and health.

Streptomyces gilvus sp. nov., Actinomycete Isolated from Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Rhizosphere Soil.

A novel actinomycete designated CME 23 was isolated from cassava rhizosphere soil collected from Chon Buri province, Thailand. The strain was characterized using a polyphasic approach and classified as a member of the genus Streptomyces. Strain CME 23 formed spiral chains of non-motile cylindrical spores with a smooth surface developed on aerial mycelia.

A Review on Chalcogenide-Based Materials for Counter Electrode Applications in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: Sulfides, Selenides, and Tellurides.

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have drawn attention in recent years for their cost-efficient, green, and convenient means of harnessing solar power. The function of DSSCs is designed around the counter electrode (CE), which is traditionally composed of platinum (Pt) for its good catalytic activity and good electric conductivity. However, Pt is expensive and in short quantity, and extensive studies have gone in search of substitute materials.

sp. nov., a novel actinobacterium isolated from tropical peat swamp forest soil in Rayong province of Thailand.

A novel actinobacterium, designated strain 12N6, was isolated from tropical peat swamp forest soil in Rayong Province, Thailand. The taxonomic position was determined using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 12N6 was classified within the genus and showed the highest percentage similarity to YIM 46034 (98.

Genetic insights for enhancing conservation strategies in captive and wild Asian elephants through improved non-invasive DNA-based individual identification.

Asian elephant is a key umbrella species that plays a crucial role in maintaining biodiversity and ecological balance. As an iconic symbol of Thailand, it also significantly contributes to the nation's tourism industry. However, human activities pose serious threats to their long-term survival and population health.

Potential of 8ER183 for poly(lactic acid)-degrading enzyme production, biodegradative capability, and its whole-genome sequence characterization.

Unlabelled: Ninety-eight actinomycetes isolates were screened for poly(lactic acid) (PLA)-degrading abilities using a minimal medium supplemented with emulsified PLA as the substrate. The isolate 8ER183 showed PLA degradation ability after incubation at ambient temperature (30 ± 2 °C) for 96 h. The 16S rRNA gene and whole-genome sequencing identified strain 8ER183 as , and the genome size was 8.

Effects of dietary protease supplementation on soybean meal protein, dry matter digestibility, and productive performance in starter-to-finisher pigs.

Background And Aim: Pig industries are currently facing a crisis in terms of protein and energy costs. Proteases were used to increase protein digestibility and metabolizable energy (ME) in diets. This study evaluated the effects of protease supplementation on protein digestibility and productive performance in starter-to-finisher pigs.

Physiological responses and agreement between two traditional lunging protocols for physical fitness training in untrained ponies.

Lunging is a training technique commonly performed in a round pen or on a lunge line. This study investigated the effort intensity, autonomic responses, and method agreement in applying different lunging protocols to untrained ponies. Sixteen untrained ponies (aged 13.

Association of with Clinical Signs and Abnormal Hematologic/Biochemical Changes in Pet Rabbits in Thailand.

can cause serious disease and subclinical infection in rabbits and requires active surveillance to control the infection. This study investigated the association between anti- antibody status and various health parameters in pet rabbits. A total of 90 rabbits were divided into healthy ( = 30), subclinical ( = 30), and clinical ( = 30) groups based on their anti- antibody status and clinical presentations.

Heavy metal contamination in eggs on poultry farms and ecological risk assessment around a gold mine area in northern Thailand.

The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the Hg, Pb, Cd, and Mn levels in egg feed, soil, and water among laying hens, laying ducks, and free-grazing duck farms in contaminated and uncontaminated areas. This study revealed that the Hg concentration in the eggs of free-grazing ducks was significantly greater than that in the eggs of laying hens and ducks in both contaminated and uncontaminated areas. However, the Pb and Mn levels in the eggs of laying ducks and free-grazing ducks were significantly greater than those in the eggs of laying hens in the contaminated area.

Whole-Genome Resequencing Identifies SNPs in Sucrose Synthase and Sugar Transporter Genes Associated with Sweetness in Coconut.

Coconut ( L.) is an important agricultural commodity with substantial economic and nutritional value, widely used for various products, including coconut water. The sweetness is an important quality trait of coconut water, which is influenced by genetic and environmental factors.

Cortisol levels, heart rate, and autonomic responses in horses during repeated road transport with differently conditioned trucks in a tropical environment.

Horse's stress responses have been reported during road transport in temperate but not tropical environments. Therefore, this study measured cortisol levels, heart rate (HR), and heart rate variability (HRV) in horses during medium-distance road transport with different truck conditions in a tropical environment. Six horses were repeatedly transported in either air-conditioned trucks with full (ATF) or space (ATS) loads or non-air-conditioned trucks with full (N-ATF) and space (N-ATS) loads.

Stress Responses in Horses Housed in Different Stable Designs during Summer in a Tropical Savanna Climate.

Single-confinement housing can pose welfare risks to domestic horses. This study investigated horses' stress responses when confined to single stalls in different stable designs in a tropical savanna region to address a gap in the literature. In total, 23 horses were assigned to a stable with a central corridor and solid external walls (A) (N = 8), a stable with one side corridor and solid external walls (B) (N = 6), or a stable with a central corridor and no solid external walls (C) (N = 9).

Solid shrimp waste derived nanoporous carbon as an alternative bio-sorbent for oxytetracycline removal from aquaculture wastewater.

Recently, it has been critical to effectively remove oxytetracycline (OTC) from aquaculture wastewater before releasing into the environment. The adsorption process is recognized as an efficient pathway for removing OTC since it is a simple, stable, and cost-effective method. This study aims to develop nanoporous carbon entirely from shrimp waste (SW) via hydrothermal carbonization assisted with KOH activation.

sp. nov. and sp. nov., two novel actinobacteria isolated from mangrove sediments and leaves of halophyte in Thailand.

A polyphasic approach was used to characterize two novel actinobacterial strains, designated PKS22-38 and LSe1-13, which were isolated from mangrove soils and leaves of halophyte (L.), respectively. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that they belonged to the genus and were most closely related to three validly published species with similarities ranging from 98.

Comparison of daily heart rate and heart rate variability in trained and sedentary aged horses.

Athletic horses are usually retired from equestrian competition at an advanced age. Aged horses may then continue to have regular exercise or are sedentary. The comparison of autonomic regulation between sedentary aged horses (SAH) and trained aged horses (TAH) after retirement remains unpublished.

The impact of strategic ventilation adjustments on stress responses in horses housed full-time in a vector-protected barn during the African horse sickness outbreak in Thailand.

The severe outbreak of African horse sickness (AHS) in Thailand has forced horses to reside full-time inside barns that are covered by a small mesh net to prevent minuscule AHS insect vectors from gaining access. However, housing in the net-covered barn induces stress in horses, which compromises their welfare. Implementing strategic airflow adjustment while retaining the vector-protection characteristics has been proposed to help alleviate this problem.

Characterization of yeast mutant strains for starter culture in Arabica coffee fermentation.

Arabica coffee is the most popular and best-selling type of coffee. During coffee fermentation, microorganisms are essential for the production of metabolites and volatile compounds that affect coffee flavor quality. This work aimed to study the mutation, selection, and characterization of the Wickerhamomyces anomalus strain YWP1-3 as a starter culture to enhance the flavor quality of Arabica coffee.

Identification and Validation of Key Genes Related to Preferred Flavour Profiles in Australian Commercial Papaya ( L.).

Commercial papaya varieties grown in Australia vary greatly in taste and aroma. Previous profiling has identified undesirable 'off tastes' in existing varieties, discouraging a portion of the population from consuming papayas. Our focus on enhancing preferred flavours led to an exploration of the genetic mechanisms and biosynthesis pathways that underlie these desired taste profiles.

The complete genome sequence of tomato necrotic ringspot virus in chilli in Thailand derived from next-generation sequencing.

Tomato necrotic ringspot virus (TNRV) was first reported in Thailand in 2011, where it continues to reduce the yield and quality of pepper and tomato crops. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of TNRV isolate chilli-CR derived from next-generation sequencing. The TNRV genome comprises 16,595 nucleotides (nt) on three RNA segments.

Raw starch degrading alkaline α-amylase from Geobacillus kaustophilus TSCCA02: Production, characterization, and its potential for application as a detergent additive.

Geobacillus kaustophilus TSCCA02, a newly isolated strain from cassava (Manihot esculenta L.) rhizosphere soil in Thailand, showed maximum raw starch degrading enzyme (RSDE) activity at 252.3 ± 9.

Modeling vaccination strategies with limited early COVID-19 vaccine access in low- and middle-income countries: A case study of Thailand.

Low- and middle-income countries faced significant challenges in accessing COVID-19 vaccines during the early stages of the pandemic. In this study, we utilized an age-structured modeling approach to examine the implications of various vaccination strategies, vaccine prioritization, and vaccine rollout speeds in Thailand, an upper-middle-income country experiencing vaccine shortages during the early stages of the pandemic. The model directly compares the effectiveness of several vaccination strategies, including the heterologous vaccination where CoronaVac (CV) vaccine was administered as the first dose, followed by ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZ) vaccine as the second dose, under varying disease transmission dynamics.

Genetic factors influencing milk and fat yields in tropically adapted dairy cattle: insights from quantitative trait loci analysis and gene associations.

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify genes associated with 305-day milk yield (MY) and fat yield (FY) that also influence the adaptability of the Thai multibreed dairy cattle population to tropical conditions.

Methods: A total of 75,776 imputed and actual single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 2,661 animals were used to identify genomic regions associated with MY and FY using the single-step genomic best linear unbiased predictions. Fixed effects included herd-yearseason, breed regression, heterosis regression and calving age regression effects.

Effect of Exercise in a Vector-Protected Arena for Preventing African Horse Sickness Transmission on Physiological, Biochemical, and Behavioral Variables of Horses.

During an African horse sickness (AHS) outbreak, horses were able to exercise daily in a net-covered arena, yet the physiological responses to exercise in a netted arena was unknown. In a cross-over study design, eight horses performed a 39-minute aerobic exercise in conventional (CA) and vector-protected arenas (VPA). Horses were slower in some gaits and covered less distance in the VPA arena (P < .