Intensified process based on reactive distillation for Triacetin production via glycerol esterification with acetic acid.

This study investigated the valorization of glycerol through triacetin (TA) production via glycerol esterification with acetic acid using reactive distillation (RD). The conventional TA production typically involved multiple unit operations, leading to process complexity and high costs. A simplified TA production process based on the appropriate design for RD was developed.

Protective effects of avocado peel and seed extracts against UVB-damaged fibroblasts for the development of an anti-photoaging nanoemulgel.

This study investigates the anti-photoaging potential of ethanolic extracts from avocado peel and seed and their application in a nanoemulgel formulation. Both extracts demonstrated high phenolic content and strong antioxidant activity, with DPPH IC values of 57.05 ± 1.

Multifunctional Biopolymer Nanocapsules for Antimicrobial, Fragrance-Releasing, and UV-Activated Coatings.

Multifunctional biopolymer nanocapsule coatings with antimicrobial, fragrance-releasing, and UV-activated properties were developed using poly-(eugenol methacrylate) (PEuMA) synthesized via miniemulsion polymerization. Linalool, a model essential oil, was encapsulated within the nanocapsules, while a polymerizable surfactant, P-(QAC-BP)-I, was incorporated to introduce both antimicrobial quaternary ammonium (QAC) groups and UV-reactive benzophenone (BP) moieties. The resulting spherical nanocapsules (∼400 nm) exhibited high colloidal stability (+80 mV) and achieved 70% monomer conversion within 8 h.

Relationship between geographical factors and digital skills development among school administrators: A case study of Pathum Thani Province, Thailand.

This study investigates how geographical factors influence the digital skills of educational administrators in Thailand's Pathum Thani province. A digital skills assessment framework, comprising three components: competency, knowledge, and experience, was developed and validated using confirmatory factor analysis. Data from 346 educational staff and 219 school teachers across seven districts were analyzed.

Physical and Chemical Properties of Gluten-Free Biscuits Incorporated With Purple Sweet Potato Flour.

Gluten-free products have gained increased attention due to the growing prevalence of gluten sensitivity and celiac disease. This study is aimed at developing gluten-free biscuits by replacing corn flour (CF) with purple sweet potato flour (PSPF) at levels of 0%-50% and at investigating the effects on physical properties, bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, nutritional composition, and sensory evaluation. The results showed that increasing PSPF significantly enhanced ( < 0.

The Design and Evaluation of Twisted HDPE Grass-Cutting Lines: A Performance Comparison with Commercial Nylon.

This study presents the design and performance evaluation of a custom extrusion die for producing grass-cutting lines from high-density polyethylene (HDPE) with twist angles of 0°, 15°, 30°, and 45°. The mechanical properties, cutting efficiency, and energy consumption of the HDPE lines were compared with those of commercially available nylon lines with round and square profiles. The die successfully produced twisted HDPE lines with consistent geometry.

Sustainable Development of PLA-Based Biocomposites Reinforced with Pineapple Core Powder: Extrusion and 3D Printing for Thermal and Mechanical Performance.

This study developed sustainable biocomposites composed of polylactic acid (PLA) and surface-treated pineapple core powder (PACP), fabricated via extrusion and fused deposition modelling (FDM). PACP loadings of 1-3 vol% were combined after chemical modification with NaOH and silane to improve interfacial bonding. Particle morphology showed increased porosity and surface roughness following treatment.

Effect of vacancies on blue-colored calcium phosphate scaffolds derived from Nile tilapia bone powder.

This study explores the fabrication and characterization of porous ceramic scaffolds using the polyurethane sponge replication technique with commercial hydroxyapatite (SA-P) and Nile Tilapia bone-derived (FB-P) powders. Scaffolds sintered at 1300 °C and 1400 °C for 5 h exhibited high porosity (70-90%) with interconnected pores. SA scaffolds exhibited greater shrinkage due to differences in particle size and morphology.

Partial hydrolyzed protein as an alternative stabilizer for peanut () butter.

Peanut protein hydrolysates with varying degrees of hydrolysis (DH) were prepared by using Alcalase and Flavourzyme. The enzymatic hydrolysis highly influenced a transformation of protein secondary structures, particularly from β-sheet to β-turn structures (11-21 %). The DH impacted functional properties and anti-free radicals' activity of peanut protein hydrolysates.

Quality improvement of recycled carbon black from waste tire pyrolysis for replacing carbon black N330.

This research aims to improve the quality of recycled carbon black (RCB) obtained from the pyrolysis of waste tires, produced by Pyro Energie Co., Ltd. in Thailand, for use as a replacement for commercial carbon black N330 in rubber products.

Experiences of care home staff in the delivery of heart failure care: a grounded theory.

Background: Heart failure is a complex syndrome affecting 64 million people globally, with an average patient age of 76 years. Management challenges include medication titration difficulties and patient self-management issues. Care homes, housing approximately 20% of residents with heart failure, face unique challenges in managing this condition.

Assessment of the physical and chemical properties of vaginal discharge for the diagnosis of endometritis in dairy cattle.

Background And Aim: Postpartum endometritis is a major cause of infertility in dairy cattle, impacting herd productivity and economic sustainability. Although traditional diagnostic methods are available, there remains a need for simple, rapid, and accurate cow-side diagnostic tools to facilitate early detection and management of clinical endometritis (CE) and subclinical endometritis (SCE). This study aimed to (i) evaluate the diagnostic performance of vaginal discharge parameters - pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity, and electrical conductivity (EC) - using a portable flat-surface electrode probe, and pH and leukocyte esterase (LE) activity using reagent strips and (ii) establish optimal cut-off values for these parameters to support practical on-farm screening of endometritis.

The Role of CO Levels in High-Oxygen Modified Atmosphere Packaging on Microbial Communities of Chilled Goat Meat During Storage and Their Relationship with Quality Attributes.

This study investigated the influence of CO levels (20-40%: M20, M30, and M40) in high-oxygen modified atmosphere packaging (Hi-O MAP) on microbial communities and quality attributes of chilled goat meat stored at 4 °C for 12 days. Alpha diversity indices (Chao1, ACE, Simpson, and Shannon) revealed a significant decline in microbial diversity over time, with storage duration exerting a greater impact than packaging conditions. Nonetheless, MAP played a crucial role in shaping microbial profiles, with air packaging (AP) showing the most distinct community, while M40 differed notably from M20 and M30, particularly by day 12, as shown by beta diversity analysis using principal coordinates analysis (PCoA).

Next-Generation Eco-Friendly Hybrid Air Purifier: Ag/TiO/PLA Biofilm for Enhanced Bioaerosols Removal.

Indoor air pollution poses a significant public health risk, particularly in urban areas, where PM2.5 and airborne contaminants contribute to respiratory diseases. In Thailand, including Chonburi Province, PM2.

Tailoring dielectric properties and crystallinity in poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) nanocomposites via iron (III) chloride hexahydrate incorporation.

This study investigates the impact of iron (III) chloride hexahydrate (FeCl·6HO) incorporation on the structural, thermal, and dielectric properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) [P(VDF-HFP)] nanocomposites, which were prepared using a solution casting method with varying filler concentrations (1-4 wt%). Scanning electron microscopy revealed a systematic increase in porosity-from 0.72% in pure P(VDF-HFP) to 27.

Comparative genomic analysis of Streptococcus suis sequence type 105 and development of a PCR diagnostic tool.

Streptococcus suis serotype 14 is the second most prevalent serotype after serotype 2, and is highly prevalent in Southeast Asia. Among the serotype 14 strains, sequence type (ST) 105 is found in humans and pigs. We analysed the genome sequences of S.

Effect of large-scale population-based dietary change to vegetarianism on antimicrobial resistance and bacterial composition of sewage in Thailand.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is on one of the global priority challenges. This study explored the impact of diet alteration on AMR bacteria through metagenomic analysis during the annual vegetarian festival in Thailand in October 2019. The study investigated the effects of a 10-day shift from a regular to a vegetarian diet by collecting urban sewage from Nakhon Sawan, Surat Thani, and Bangkok before, during, and after the festival.

Simplified Polymer Particle Design: Using Block Copolymers to Create Multihollow Structures.

Microsuspension polymerization was used to create multihollow polymer particles. First, a block copolymer of poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate)--poly(methyl methacrylate-3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA--P(MMA-MPS)) was synthesized by using a solution iodine transfer polymerization (solution ITP). This block copolymer was then used as a porogen in microsuspension polymerization of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) to create multihollow structures of P(EGDMA-HEMA) particles.

Development of a Color-Changing Face Mask for Fever Detection Applications.

This study focused on developing a color-changing fabric face mask for fever detection. Reversible Thermochromic Leuco dye (RTL) was applied as an indicator to alert wearers of elevated body temperatures, with the color change occurring at 37.5 °C.

Techno-Functional, Rheological, and Physico-Chemical Properties of Gelatin Capsule By-Product for Future Functional Food Ingredients.

The utilization of gelatin capsule waste (GCW) poses a challenge for the industry. This study investigates its potential as a functional food ingredient by evaluating the physico-chemical, rheological, and techno-functional properties of gelatin capsule waste powder (GCWP). To achieve this, the gelatin capsule waste (GCW) was mixed with maltodextrin at varying ratios (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, and 1:5) and subjected to spray drying.

Comparative studies on physicochemical and structural properties of rice proteins.

Background: Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a global staple, increasingly recognized for the nutritional and functional properties of its proteins (P). Protein characteristics change significant during rice grain development, encompassing flowering, milky, dough, and mature stages, each potentially suitable for distinct food applications.

Fixed drug eruption induced by Etoricoxib in Thailand: A case report.

Etoricoxib, a commonly prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), has been associated with adverse cutaneous reactions, including fixed drug eruption (FDE). We describe a case report of a 37-year-old Thai male who developed erythematous plaques and bullous lesions following the ingestion of a 90 mg dose of Etoricoxib. The lesions were located on the lateral aspect of the right leg near the popliteal fossa, the dorsal aspect of the right foot, the medial aspect of the right arm, and the left lumbar region.

Intensified modified fruit blender reactor for emulsifier synthesis via glycerol esterification of free fatty acids at mild conditions.

A modified fruit blender reactor (M-FBR) was applied to synthesize monoacylglycerols (MAGs) and diacylglycerols (DAGs) through biphasic esterification of glycerol (Gly) with oleic acid (OA). The high stirring speed in the M-FBR provided a high mixing efficiency to generate significantly small droplets and cavitation compared to those in conventional processes. The increased interfacial surface area and distribution of dispersed phases into continuous phases promote momentum, heat, and mass transfer to improve mixing efficiency and high glycerol esterification rate.

The inhibition effect of oleamide for acetylcholinesterase and α-glucosidase from edible wild mushroom by in vitro, in silico and fluorescence analysis.

Lipid compounds from edible wild mushrooms have been reported for their biological activities related to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) treatment. This research investigated purified oleamide (PEWM) from edible wide mushroom and determined its antioxidant activity and inhibition potential against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and α-glucosidase. The PEWM was purified by preparative thin-layer chromatography (PTLC) with methanol: chloroform: water (6:6:1 v/v).

Exploring Anti-Aging Potential of Species and Novel Microemulsion Delivery of Extract for Anti-Aging Effect.

Purpose: The study aimed to investigate in vitro anti-aging activities of 29 spp. and develop and characterize microemulsions (MEs) for topical application.

Methods: Antioxidant activity was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), HO scavenging, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays.