Fecal Microbiota Transplantation by Rectal Enema Improves Short-Term Insulin Resistance in Metabolic Syndrome: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The gut microbiota plays a vital role in various physiological processes, including metabolism. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) involves transferring fecal matter from a healthy donor to rebalance a patient's intestinal dysbiosis. The impact of FMT on metabolic syndrome (MetS) is subject to debate.

Screening and eradication of or gastric cancer prevention: Taipei Global Consensus II.

Objective: To convene a global consensus on () screening and eradication strategies for gastric cancer prevention, identify key knowledge gaps and outline future research directions.

Methods: 32 experts from 12 countries developed and refined consensus statements on management, using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework to assess evidence and the Delphi method to achieve ≥80% agreement.

Results: Consensus was achieved on 28 statements.

Beyond the COVID-19 Pandemic: Budget Impact Analysis of Remote Healthcare Delivery for Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus Management in Thailand.

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted healthcare services globally, necessitating innovative care delivery models for non-communicable diseases. Remote healthcare pathways, including telehealth with pharmacy at home (PAH) and deferred care (DC), emerged as potential solutions for managing stable hypertension (HT) and diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. This study aims to estimate the budget impact of implementing PAH and DC compared to usual care (UC) for HT and DM patients in Thai tertiary care hospitals from the government perspective.

Pharmacokinetics of Racemic Eflornithine in Human Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid: Clinical Perspectives for L-eflornithine Against Human African Trypanosomiasis.

Intravenous dosing of L- and D-eflornithine in a racemic mixture is a currently recommended late-stage gambiense human African trypanosomiasis (g-HAT) treatment, either as 14-day monotherapy or in combination with oral nifurtimox for seven days. However, an oral eflornithine treatment against late-stage g-HAT would be preferable. Pharmacokinetics of eflornithine are enantioselective with different oral absorption of the enantiomers.

Quantification of salt content in commercial fish sauces through reagent-free flow-injection method.

Salt content monitoring in fish sauce is important for quality control of the fish sauce manufacturing. This work describes a green analytical method (AGREEprep score: 0.68, AGREE score: 0.

Unveiling Genetic Variation in the Seed Bug (Scopoli, 1763) (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae) in Thailand Using Mitochondrial Sequence.

is a phytophagous insect widely distributed across Asia, Europe, and Africa, yet its genetic variation remains poorly understood. This study presents the first comprehensive analysis of the genetic diversity and structure of in Thailand using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 () sequences from 202 individuals across 27 localities. A total of 58 haplotypes were identified, with high haplotype and nucleotide diversity observed, suggesting substantial genetic variation.

Choosing the optimal nonstatin lipid lowering therapies for statin-intolerant patients: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Statin intolerance presents a considerable challenge in managing patients at risk for cardiovascular diseases, as it limits patients' access to standard lipid-lowering therapies.

Objective: This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of various nonstatin lipid-lowering therapies in patients who are intolerant to statins.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, and EBSCO open dissertations through September 2023 for randomized controlled trials in statin-intolerant patients comparing nonstatin lipid-lowering agents.

Cost-effectiveness of transient elastography for liver fibrosis screening in Thai patients with diabetes mellitus.

Background: The association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is well documented, with DM increasing the risk of developing MASLD and liver fibrosis.

Aim: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness and budget impact of transient elastography (TE) for detecting significant fibrosis in Thai patients with DM.

Methods: We conducted a lifetime cost-utility analysis from a societal perspective, combining a decision tree with a Markov model.

The impact of alternative care pathways adopted during the COVID-19 pandemic on the management of non-communicable diseases at a tertiary care hospital in Thailand.

Background: Management of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including hypertension (HT) and diabetes mellitus (DM), was significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Many institutions adopted alternative care pathways, e.g.

Effects of Sr/F-bioactive glass nanoparticles on pH, elemental release, dentin remineralisation, and cytotoxicity of 1.1% NaF toothpaste.

Objective: This study examined the effect of Sr/F-bioactive glass nanoparticles (Sr/F-BAG) concentration on 1.1% NaF toothpaste. The effects of additives on pH, fluoride and elemental release, dentin remineralisation, and cytotoxicity were determined.

Mimicking scaffold membrane based electrospun polyurethane fibers with functional extracellular-like component coating for guided bone regeneration scaffolds.

Mimicking scaffold membranes for guided bone regeneration were fabricated using electrospun polyurethane (PU) coated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate. Five different proportions of PVA and sodium alginate (AGN) were compared as coating solutions for the electrospun PU membranes. Molecular organization, morphology, and physical, mechanical, and biological properties were investigated.

Molecular signature and regulatory network of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells as a niche for hematopoietic stem cells and progenitors.

The fate of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is determined by a complex regulatory network supporting self-renewal and quiescence within a niche. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (UC-MSCs) are classified as an alternative niche for the expansion of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). The molecular mechanisms by which UC-MSCs regulate hematopoiesis are still not fully understood.

Prevalence of swallowing difficulties in a dental clinic: A case study at a general hospital in Thailand.

Background: Dysphagia, or swallowing difficulty, is common among older adults and can pose risks during dental treatments, including aspiration and accidental ingestion. While dysphagia prevalence is well-studied in healthcare and community settings, data from clinical dental settings remain limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of swallowing difficulties in older adults visiting a dental clinic.

Predominant expression of the immunosenescent biomarker CD57 on CD4+ T cells and their subsets in the older people associating with the cardiovascular disease risk factors.

CD57 is one of the biomarkers for immunosenescence, and its expression increases with age. This study aimed to analyze CD4+ T cell phenotypes and cytokine production (interferon-gamma [IFN-γ] and interleukin [IL]-17) and their association with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Using multi-color flow cytometry, leftover whole blood specimens from 53 older people (≥ 60 years) and 42 young individuals (≤ 35 years) were analyzed.

Standard compared with fracture-specific components in reverse shoulder arthroplasty for proximal humerus fractures : a meta-analysis of clinical outcomes.

Aims: Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) is a well-established treatment for proximal humerus fractures in elderly patients. However, the clinical advantages of standard humeral components compared to fracture-specific components remain unclear. This meta-analysis compares the clinical outcomes and complication rates of standard compared with fracture-specific components in RSA.

Cholesterol-Conjugated Polyion Complex Nanoparticles for Combination Delivery of Hydrophobic Paclitaxel and Hydrophilic miR-34a for Colon Cancer Therapy.

In recent years, combination chemotherapy with therapeutic nucleic acids has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance the effectiveness of cancer therapy. However, developing an effective co-delivery system to simultaneously transport both chemotherapeutic drugs and nucleic acids remains challenging. Herein, we fabricated cholesterol-conjugated polyion complex nanoparticles (PCNs) for combination delivery of hydrophobic paclitaxel (PTX) and hydrophilic miR-34a.

Beneficial Effects of Water-Based Exercise Alone and in Combination with Cognitive Training on Cardiovascular Fitness and Arterial Stiffness in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the transitional stage between normal cognition and dementia and is associated with arterial stiffness, which may lead to cardiovascular disease. A water-based exercise (W) presents a low-impact activity for the joints and increases resistance compared to exercises performed in the air, which benefits older adults. However, little evidence has been found regarding the effect of W on promoting cognitive and physical performance in older individuals with MCI.

Prognostic Indicators of Severe Dengue Infection in Adult Patients in Thailand.

Background: Dengue infection is a spreading vector borne disease with most severe infection-related fatalities occurring in adults. This study was conducted to explore prognostic indicators of dengue infection severity.

Methods: This study included patients aged over 15 years who were diagnosed with dengue viral infection.

Immunoinformatics Design and Identification of B-Cell Epitopes from PLA1 Allergen.

Phospholipase A1 (Ves a 1), a major toxin from venom, poses significant risks to allergic individuals. Nevertheless, the epitope determinants of Ves a 1 have not been characterized. Thus, identifying its linear B-cell epitopes is crucial for understanding envenomation mechanisms.

Human chorion and placental mesenchymal stem cells conditioned media suppress cell migration and invasion by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway in cholangiocarcinoma.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive bile duct malignancy with poor survival rates due to late detection, rapid metastasis, and treatment resistance. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies are needed to improve treatment outcomes. Previous studies have reported that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) secrete several soluble factors that modulate intracellular signaling pathways that are critical for the regulation of cancer cell function.

The assessment of the degree of monomer conversion, biaxial flexural strength, and mineral precipitation on demineralised dentine of novel resin composite containing monocalcium phosphate monohydrate and polylysine.

Objective: The development of ion-releasing resin composites is expected to reduce the risk of secondary caries. This study compared the degree of monomer conversion, biaxial flexural strength/modulus, elemental release, and remineralisation potential of a novel ion-releasing dental composite (Renewal MI) containing monocalcium phosphate monohydrate and polylysine.

Materials And Methods: The degree of monomer conversion after light curing for 20 s was determined ( = 8).

When stroke uncovers a hidden cardiac mass: LVOT papillary fibroelastoma in an elderly Thai male.

Papillary fibroelastoma (PFE) is a rare, benign cardiac tumor usually arising from the heart valves, whereas non-valvular involvement is uncommon. We report herein a case of a 71-year-old Asian male who developed an ischemic stroke during hospitalization for gastrointestinal bleeding. A stroke workup led to the incidental detection of a cardiac mass in the left ventricular outflow tract, later confirmed as PFE following surgical excision without complications.

The Burden of Air Pollution (PM) in Subnational Australian Life Expectancy.

Australia is renowned for having some of the cleanest air globally, yet air pollution remains a persistent issue that significantly impacts life expectancy. This study quantifies the burden of annual ambient particulate matter (PM) in Australia's life expectancy: measuring life-years lost (LYL) from 2001-2019, considering geographical and demographic differences. Data were obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics, the Australian Human Mortality Database, and the Centre for Safe Air.

The risk of thyroid diseases in lichen sclerosus patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background/objective: Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting both genital and extra-genital areas and is found predominantly in female patients. The relationship between LS and thyroid diseases remains unclear, with conflicting evidence reported in the literature. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between LS and thyroid diseases rigorously.

Evaluation of Scoring Reliability in Polysomnography at a Single Sleep Center in Thailand.

The reliability of Thai certificate qualifications for Advanced Sleep Technicians (ASTs) and Sleep Disorders Specialists (SDSs) in manual polysomnography (PSG) scoring has not been previously evaluated. This study assessed the reliability of PSG scoring performed by ASTs, an SDS, and an automated scoring system (AUTO) at Thammasat University Hospital, Thailand. A retrospective analysis of 250 PSG recordings conducted between September 2022 and February 2023 classified patients into four groups based on the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI): No OSA (AHI <5), mild OSA (AHI 5-15), moderate OSA (AHI 15-30), and severe OSA (AHI >30), comprising 11, 77, 105, and 57 cases, respectively.