Association between medium-chain triglyceride intake and Functional Independence Measure-cognition score in adults following stroke: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Limited evidence exists regarding the cognitive and physical improvement effects of medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) intake in patients with stroke. This study aimed to investigate the association between MCT-enhanced rice consumption and enhancements in outcomes, including cognitive level, in patients following stroke.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study on adults admitted to a rehabilitation center with cognitive decline following acute stroke.

Estimating the Textural Properties of Bromelain-Tenderized Beef by Impedance Measurement.

Hardness of meat is one of the most important textural properties noted while eating. Bromelain, found in pineapples, is an enzyme that degrades collagen, a factor that affects meat hardness. The latter is generally evaluated based on shear strength and texture; however, such methods are destructive.

PPM1D is directly degraded by proteasomes in a ubiquitination-independent manner through its carboxyl-terminal region.

Background: PPM1D (protein phosphatase Mg⁺/Mn⁺ dependent 1D) is a Ser/Thr phosphatase that negatively regulates p53 and functions as an oncogenic driver. Its gene amplification and overexpression are frequently observed in various malignancies and disruption of PPM1D degradation has also been reported as a cause of cancer progression. However, the precise mechanisms regulating PPM1D stability remain to be elucidated.

Possible involvement of p60-S6K1 in accelerating RPS6 phosphorylation for rapid recovery from skeletal muscle disuse atrophy.

Background: Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) exhibit slow-twitch muscle-specific hypotrophy compared with normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). Because slow-twitch muscles are prone to disuse atrophy, SHRSP may experience both disuse atrophy and impaired recovery from it. This study investigated the response of SHRSP to disuse atrophy and subsequent recovery, using WKY as a control.

A case of successful pembrolizumab plus FP neoadjuvant chemotherapy for a tumor preoperatively diagnosed as gastric squamous cell carcinoma.

Primary gastric squamous cell carcinoma (GSCC) or gastric adenosquamous carcinoma (GASC) is an uncommon histologic type for which no standard treatment has been established. The prognosis is poor, and there are few reports of effective treatment. Here, we experienced a case of GASC that was diagnosed preoperatively as GSCC and could be operated on after successful preoperative chemotherapy with pembrolizumab, 5-fluorouracil, and cisplatin.

Clinical utility of comprehensive genomic profiling test for colorectal cancer: a single institution prospective observational study.

Purpose: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has revolutionized cancer treatment by enabling comprehensive cancer genomic profiling (CGP) to guide genotype-directed therapies. While several prospective trials have demonstrated varying outcomes with CGP in patients with advanced solid tumors, its clinical utility in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains to be evaluated.

Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study of CGP in our hospital between September 2019 and March 2024.

Generative AI in perioperative medicine and anesthesiology: ethical integration, educational innovation, and the future of clinical professionalism.

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming perioperative medicine, particularly anesthesiology, by enabling novel applications, such as real-time data synthesis, individualized risk prediction, and automated documentation. These capabilities enhance clinical decision-making, patient communication, and workflow efficiency in the operating room. In education, generative AI offers immersive simulations and tailored learning experiences that improve both technical skills and professional judgment.

Fraction-based Linear Extrapolation (FLEX) Method for Predicting Human Pharmacokinetic Clearance: Advanced Allometric Scaling Method and Machine Learning Approach.

Purpose: Accurate prediction of human clearance (CL) is essential in early drug development. Single Species Scaling (SSS) using rat pharmacokinetic (PK) data, particularly with unbound plasma fraction (f), is widely used. However, its accuracy declines for compounds with extremely low f, and no systematic method has addressed this limitation.

Shigella type-III secretion system effectors counteract the induction of host inflammation and cell death.

Many enteric bacterial pathogens deliver virulence effectors to counteract host innate immune responses, such as inflammation and cell death, and colonize the intestinal epithelium. However, host cells recognize the disruption of their innate immune signaling by bacterial effectors and induce alternative immune responses, collectively termed "effector-triggered immunity", to clear bacterial pathogens. Here, we describe a mechanism of cell death induction via effector-triggered immunity and the bacterial countermeasures of the pathogen Shigella flexneri.

Clinical features of Barrett's mucosa arising in the remnant esophagus after subtotal esophagectomy and esophago-gastric anastomosis for esophageal cancer.

Background: Barrett's mucosa in the remnant esophagus (BMRE) is often identified after gastric pull-up reconstruction after esophagectomy. This study aimed to determine the clinical characteristics of BMRE and the factors that affect the development of BMRE.

Methods: The characteristics of BMRE and factors affecting its occurrence were studied in patients with subtotal esophagectomy and gastric pull-up reconstruction who survived at least 3 years after esophageal cancer surgery and who were evaluated by endoscopy.

Flexible suction-coagulation probe restores dexterity in robot-assisted surgery: bench-to-bedside evaluation.

Objective: Rigid suction-coagulation probes constrain the wrist-like articulation that is central to robotic surgery. We therefore designed a 5-mm single-use flexible suction ball coagulator (flex-SBC) with a modified core design to restore dexterity and assessed its mechanical performance and early clinical feasibility, including the effect of the common robotic gripping strategies on suction flow.

Methods: Preclinical.

Monatomic glass formation through competing order balance.

The phase transformation of single-element systems is a fundamental natural process with broad implications, yet many aspects remain puzzling despite their simplicity. For instance, transition metals, Tantalum (Ta) and Zirconium (Zr), commonly form body-centred cubic crystals when supercooled. However, according to large-scale computer simulations, their crystallisation rates can differ by over 100 times.

Heart failure-specific cardiac fibroblasts contribute to cardiac dysfunction via the MYC-CXCL1-CXCR2 axis.

Heart failure (HF) is a growing global health issue. While most studies focus on cardiomyocytes, here we highlight the role of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) in HF. Single-cell RNA sequencing of mouse hearts under pressure overload identified six CF subclusters, with one specific to the HF stage.

Late fluid flow in a primitive asteroid revealed by Lu-Hf isotopes in Ryugu.

Carbonaceous asteroids are the source of the most primitive meteorites and represent leftover planetesimals that formed from ice and dust in the outer Solar System and may have delivered volatiles to the terrestrial planets. Understanding the aqueous activity of asteroids is key to deciphering their thermal, chemical and orbital evolution, with implications for the origin of water on the terrestrial planets. Analyses of the objects, in particular pristine samples returned from asteroid Ryugu, have provided detailed information on fluid-rock interactions within a few million years after parent-body formation.

Observing differential spin currents by resonant inelastic X-ray scattering.

Controlling spin currents, that is, the flow of spin angular momentum, in small magnetic devices, is the principal objective of spin electronics, a main contender for future energy-efficient information technologies. A pure spin current has never been measured directly because the associated electric stray fields and/or shifts in the non-equilibrium spin-dependent distribution functions are too small for conventional experimental detection methods optimized for charge transport. Here we report that resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) can bridge this gap by measuring the spin current carried by magnons-the quanta of the spin wave excitations of the magnetic order-in the presence of temperature gradients across a magnetic insulator.

Subvolt high-speed free-space modulator with electro-optic metasurface.

Active metasurfaces incorporating electro-optic materials enable high-speed free-space optical modulators that show great promise for a wide range of applications, including optical communication, sensing and computing. However, the limited light-matter interaction lengths in metasurfaces typically require high driving voltages exceeding tens of volts to achieve satisfactory modulation. Here we present low-voltage, high-speed free-space optical modulators based on silicon-organic-hybrid metasurfaces with dimerized-grating-based nanostructures.

In-line multi-wavelength non-destructive pharma quality monitoring with ultrabroadband carbon nanotubes photo-thermoelectric imaging scanners.

While non-destructive in-line monitoring at manufacturing sites is essential for safe distribution cycles of pharmaceuticals, efforts are still insufficient to develop analytical systems for detailed dynamic visualisation of foreign substances and material composition in target pills. Although spectroscopies, expected towards pharma testing, have faced technical challenges in in-line setups for bulky equipment housing, this work demonstrates compact dynamic photo-monitoring systems by selectively extracting informative irradiation-wavelengths from comprehensive optical references of target pills. This work develops a non-destructive in-line dynamic inspection system for pharma agent pills with carbon nanotube (CNT) photo-thermoelectric imagers and the associated ultrabroadband sub-terahertz (THz)-infrared (IR) multi-wavelength monitoring.

Proximity labeling of axonemal protein CFAP91 identifies EFCAB5 that regulates sperm motility.

Radial spokes (RSs) are conserved multimolecular structures attached to the axonemal microtubule doublets and are essential for the motility control of both cilia and sperm flagella. CFAP91, an RS3 protein, is implicated in human male infertility, yet its molecular function remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that Cfap91 knockout (KO) mice exhibit impaired sperm flagellum formation and male infertility.

Scalable Photothermal Superhydrophobic Deicing Coating with Mechanochemical-Thermal Robustness.

Developing scalable and robust deicing coatings is essential for real-world applications, yet current coatings either suffer from intrinsic fragility or low thermal conductivity, limiting sustainability and deicing effectiveness. Here, we report a scalable and durable photothermal superhydrophobic coating coupling with enhanced thermal conductivity, engineered by embedding carbon nanotubes within a perfluoroalkoxy polymer matrix. Our design achieved 97.

Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein 11 Promotes Proliferation in Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 11 (LRP11) is reported to be overexpressed in various cancers; however, its functional role in lung adenocarcinoma remains poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate the tumor-promoting function of LRP11 in lung adenocarcinoma. We assessed the expression and function of LRP11 in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines through both silencing and overexpression experiments.

Multiple human enhancer RNAs contain long translated open reading frames.

Enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) are transcribed by during enhancer activation but are typically rapidly degraded in the nucleus. During states of reduced RNA surveillance, however, eRNAs and other similar "noncoding" RNAs (including, e.g.

Concerns Regarding Masataka et al.'s "Revisiting the Gateway Drug Hypothesis for Cannabis: A Secondary Analysis of a Nationwide Survey Among Community Users in Japan".

Masataka et al.'s cannabis gateway study misrepresents the 43.8% probability of cannabis users transitioning to illegal drugs as "rare," and misuses regression via the Table 2 Fallacy.