Development of the insecticide oxazosulfyl.

Oxazosulfyl, a novel insecticide originally discovered and developed by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., belongs to a new chemical class, the sulfyl group, structurally characterized by its ethylsulfonyl moiety.

Circulating Tumor DNA Profiling Reveals Genomic Evolution in Recurrent Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer.

Background: Recurrent gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancers have poor prognoses and limited treatment options. While archival tumor tissue is commonly used for genomic profiling, it may not reflect molecular changes at recurrence.

Objective: We aimed to assess the utility of a circulating tumor DNA analysis in identifying actionable genomic alterations at recurrence and compare findings with archival primary tumor profiles.

The Utility of Notched P-Wave on the Occurrence of Ventricular Fibrillation in Patients With Brugada Syndrome.

Background: Risk stratification for ventricular fibrillation (VF) in patients with Brugada syndrome (BrS) remains a significant clinical challenge. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is relatively common in BrS, suggesting arrhythmogenic abnormalities in both the atria and ventricles. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between P-waveforms and VF occurrence in patients with BrS.

Novel Role of Human Epicardial Adipocyte-Derived SPARCL1 in Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation Following Cardiovascular Surgery.

Background: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is associated with short- and long-term morbidity and mortality. However, the ability of the epicardial adipocyte to regulate POAF remains poorly understood.

Objectives: The authors investigated the possible role of human epicardial adipocyte-derived adipokines in the regulation of the myocardial redox state and POAF.

Hemodynamic response by polymyxin B hemoperfusion and its clinical outcomes in patients with refractory septic shock: A post-hoc sub-analysis of prospective cohort study.

Background: Polymyxin B hemoperfusion (PMX-HP) reportedly improves hemodynamic status in some but not all patients with septic shock. We examined the association between hemodynamic response and clinical outcomes and explored factors that may identify patients with hemodynamic response.

Methods: BEAT-SHOCK registry is a prospective cohort study of 309 consecutive adult patients with septic shock requiring high-dose norepinephrine.

Time to administer polymyxin B hemoperfusion and hemodynamics in patients with septic shock requiring high-dose norepinephrine: a predetermined analysis of a prospective cohort study.

Background: Delayed administration of polymyxin B hemoperfusion (PMX-HP) for septic shock could diminish its efficacy in real-world clinical settings.

Methods: BEAT-SHOCK (BEst Available Treatment for septic SHOCK) registry is a prospective registry consisting of 309 adult patients with septic shock requiring high-dose norepinephrine (≥ 0.2 μg/kg/min).

Modeling of hepatitis B virus kinetics and accumulation of cccDNA in primary human hepatocytes.

Background & Aims: Knowledge about early HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) accumulation post infection is lacking. We characterized and mathematically modeled HBV infection kinetics during early infection and treatment in primary human hepatocytes (PHHs).

Methods: PHHs were inoculated with HBV, and infection was monitored with and without treatment with the nucleoside analog entecavir (ETV), the HBV-entry inhibitor Myr-preS1, or both ETV + Myr-preS1.

Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Stimulator Vericiguat Attenuates Angiotensin II-Induced Oxidative Stress and Cardiac Remodeling.

Background: Vericiguat, an oral soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator, is a novel therapeutic agent for patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; however, the detailed cardioprotective mechanism remains unclear. We aimed to explore the mechanism of the effect of vericiguat on the myocardium, particularly focusing on oxidative stress, using in vivo and in vitro experiments.

Methods And Results: Male 8-week-old mice were divided into a control group, angiotensin II (AngII) infusion group, and AngII infusion with low- or high-dose vericiguat treatment group.

The Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2024.

The 2024 revised edition of the Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock (J-SSCG 2024) is published by the Japanese Society of Intensive Care Medicine and the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine. This is the fourth revision since the first edition was published in 2012. The purpose of the guidelines is to assist healthcare providers in making appropriate decisions in the treatment of sepsis and septic shock, leading to improved patient outcomes.

The Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2024.

The 2024 revised edition of the Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock (J-SSCG 2024) is published by the Japanese Society of Intensive Care Medicine and the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine. This is the fourth revision since the first edition was published in 2012. The purpose of the guidelines is to assist healthcare providers in making appropriate decisions in the treatment of sepsis and septic shock, leading to improved patient outcomes.

Generation of RNA aptamers against chikungunya virus E2 envelope protein.

Nucleic acid aptamers are a promising drug modality, whereas the generation of virus-neutralizing aptamers has remained difficult due to the lack of a robust system for targeting the viral particles of interest. Here, we took advantage of our latest platform technology of Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment (SELEX) with virus-like particles (VLPs) and targeted chikungunya virus (CHIKV) as a model, the pathogenic reemerging virus with an unmet need for control. The identified aptamer against CHIKV-VLPs, Apt#1, and its truncated derivatives showed neutralizing activity with nanomolar IC50 values in a cell-based assay system using a pseudoviral particle of CHIKV (CHIKVpp).

Hypothermia-associated acute pancreatitis: A multicenter prospective observational study.

Aim: Hypothermia-associated pancreatitis lacks comprehensive understanding owing to limited studies exploring its mechanism, epidemiology, risk factors, and outcomes. We aimed to investigate the frequency, characteristics, and predictive factors associated with the development of acute pancreatitis in patients with accidental hypothermia.

Methods: This study comprised a post hoc analysis of data from a multicenter prospective observational study (ICE-CRASH study) conducted in 36 tertiary emergency hospitals in Japan.

Development of a Japanese version of the patient perceptions of deprescribing - Short form.

Background: Deprescribing is a critical component of clinical practice, especially in geriatric medicine. Nevertheless, the attributes of patients who are prepared for, interested in, and could potentially benefit from deprescribing have not been well examined. The Patient Perceptions of Deprescribing (PPoD) evaluates patients' overall readiness for deprescribing and is complemented by an 11-item validated short form (SF-PPoD).

The role of light exposure in infant circadian rhythm establishment: A scoping review perspective.

Environmental light exposure plays a role in the entrainment of the infant circadian rhythm, which is crucial for growth and development. This scoping review aims to evaluate existing literature linking the role of light exposure in the development of the infant circadian rhythm. This scoping review is conducted in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines.

Intraosseous Ganglion Protruding Into the Spinoglenoid Notch With Suprascapular Nerve Entrapment: A Case Report.

Suprascapular nerve entrapment caused by intraosseous cystic lesions is a rare condition. We present the case of a 49-year-old man with right shoulder numbness, slight infraspinatus (ISP) weakness, and shoulder pain. He underwent open surgery and arthroscopic evaluation.

Generation and application of CES1-knockout Tet-Off-regulated CYP3A4 and UGT1A1-expressing Caco-2 cells.

Caco-2 cells, a human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line, are widely used to model small intestinal epithelial cells in the drug development process because they can predict drug absorption with high accuracy. However, Caco-2 cells have several issues. First, Caco-2 cells have little expression of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), which is a major drug-metabolizing enzyme in the human intestine.

Simultaneous prognostic score validation in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest by a post-hoc analysis based on national multicenter registry.

Using a nationwide multicenter prospective registry in Japan's data, we calculated prognostic and predictive scores, including the Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA); Cardiac Arrest Hospital Prognosis (CAHP); Nonshockable rhythm, Unwitnessed arrest, Long no-flow or Long low-flow period, blood PH < 7.2, Lactate > 7.0 mmol/L, End-stage chronic kidney disease on dialysis, Age ≥ 85 years, Still resuscitation, and Extracardiac cause (NULL-PLEASE); revised post-Cardiac Arrest Syndrome for Therapeutic hypothermia (rCAST); and MIRACLE2 scores, for adult patients with cardiac arrest.

Medication Optimization Protocol Efficacy for Geriatric Inpatients: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: There is currently no consensus on clinically effective interventions for polypharmacy among older inpatients.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of multidisciplinary team-based medication optimization on survival, unscheduled hospital visits, and rehospitalization in older inpatients with polypharmacy.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This open-label randomized clinical trial was conducted at 8 internal medicine inpatient wards within a community hospital in Japan.

Dietary Rhythmicity and Mental Health Among Airline Personnel.

Importance: Misaligned dietary rhythmicity has been associated with metabolic diseases; however, its association with mental health remains largely unexplored.

Objective: To examine the association between dietary rhythms and the mental health condition of shift workers, specifically airline crew members.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study analyzed data collected from the Civil Aviation Health Cohort of China, an ongoing large-scale health survey of pilots, flight attendants, and air security officers employed by major airline companies in China.