Mechanochemistry Reaches-Out Sensing: Peroxidase-Mimic Fe-BTC MOF for Hydrogen Peroxide Detection by a Solvent-Free Synthesis.

A low-cost enzyme-mimic iron-(III) trimesate MOF, prepared by a novel and green mechanochemical synthetic protocol, is used for the excellent colorimetric detection of hydrogen peroxide (HO). The developed iron-(III) trimesate MOF, solvent-free mechanochemically synthesized under mild conditions and in a very short time (from 6 to 60 min), is an exciting potential candidate for HO detection, avoiding the immobilization of additional peroxidase enzymes. The influence of pH, temperature, catalyst concentration, and incubation time on iron-(III) trimesate MOF peroxidase-mimic activity was investigated, showing a lower limit of detection (0.

A Telescoped Strategy for the Preparation of Five-Membered Hetero- and Carbocycles via Hydrogen Atom Transfer Photocatalysis in Flow.

Five-membered heterocycles such as pyrroles and thiophenes, along with cyclopentenones, are key scaffolds in pharmaceutical chemistry. However, the synthesis of these motifs via diversity oriented synthesis is hindered by the limited accessibility of unsymmetrical 1,4-diketones. Herein, a practical and sustainable flow protocol is presented for the telescoped synthesis of pyrroles, thiophenes, and cyclopentenones.

Enhancing selective itaconic acid synthesis in Yarrowia lipolytica through targeted metabolite transport reprogramming.

Background: Itaconic acid is a valuable platform chemical with applications in polymer synthesis and other industrial sectors. Microbial fermentation offers a sustainable production route, involving two fungi such as Aspergillus terreus and Ustilago maydis. However, their employment in industrial bioprocesses for itaconic acid production is characterized by several challenges.

A Green Process for Effective Direct Recycling and Reuse of Graphite from End-of-Life Li-Ion Batteries Black Mass.

The demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is posing challenges in the management of end-of-life (EoL) systems and supply of critical raw materials. Such challenges can be addressed by recycling EoL LIBs through sustainable processes, involving metallurgy to recover higher-value metals like Co, Ni, and Li. Pretreatment strategies allowing to reclaim other valuable materials-such as graphite, binders, and electrolytes-are also crucial to enhance the overall recycling efficiency.

Competing Effects of Plasticization and Miscibility on the Structure and Dynamics of Natural Rubber: A Comparative Study on Bio and Commercial Plasticizers.

Plasticizers are essential for improving the processability and flexibility of rubber compounds by reducing viscosity, aiding filler dispersion, and softening the rubber matrix. Traditionally, petroleum-based phthalate esters like dioctyl phthalate (DOP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) have been widely used for these purposes. However, these plasticizers pose significant challenges, including migration from the rubber over time, which can lower performance and raise environmental and health concerns.

Effect of Synthesis and Processing Conditions on the Sintering Behavior and Total Conductivity of High-Entropy Fluorite/Bixbyite Oxides (RE-HEOs).

This study explores the influence of two different synthesis methods on the sintering behavior of three novel high-entropy oxides possibly suitable for thermal barrier applications: (CeZrYbErNd)O, (CeZrYbErLa)O, and (CeNdYbErLa)O. Rare-Earth-based High-Entropy Oxides (RE-HEOs), recently known for their exceptional thermal stability and compositional flexibility, have gained increasing attention as potential candidates for many advanced technological applications. Thus, our current work focuses on the specific effects of synthesis techniques, namely co-precipitation and hydrothermal treatment, on the entropy-driven stabilization, microstructure, electrochemical properties, and sintering behavior of three novel RE-HEOs.

Preliminary Study on Electrochemical Deposition of Graphene on Steel Substrate via In Situ Oxidation Using Cyclic Voltammetry.

This study explores an innovative method for depositing graphene directly onto metal surfaces, using cyclic voltammetry with a suspension of graphene in water. Most electrochemical deposition techniques up to now have concentrated on graphene oxide (GO) rather than pure graphene, largely because GO disperses more readily in water. This characteristic makes GO simpler to manipulate and apply in deposition processes, giving it an advantage in terms of usability and practicality.

Effect of the Entanglement of Microporous Pillared MOFs on the Uptake and Release Profiles of Essential Oil Components.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of coordination polymers known for their intrinsic porosity. This property, combined with their ability to exhibit some degree of flexibility, makes them ideal materials for various innovative applications, like the inclusion and controlled release of active compounds for active packaging and agricultural applications. This study aimed to characterize the uptake and release behavior of an equimolar mixture of two phenolic essential oils (EOs), that is, carvacrol (CAR) and thymol (THY), encapsulated in two microporous Zn-based MOFs with different entanglement motifs: PUM168 is threefold interpenetrated and flexible, while PUM210 is fourfold polycatenated and rigid (PUM = Parma University Materials).

Processing of bio-based photocatalytic sponge-like structures containing C,N-TiO colloidally dispersed onto cellulose nanofibers for microplastic remediation.

This study presents an innovative approach for immobilizing a highly efficient photocatalyst on a bio-based matrix derived from biorefinery processing of agricultural biomass. This strategy adds significant value to the lignocellulosic fraction, while reducing the number of unit operations typically required for photocatalyst recovery (e.g.

Continuous Light-Induced Water Oxidation in Polyoxometalate-Based Photocatalytic Protocells and Prototissues.

The bottom-up construction of leaf-like materials capable of using visible light and water to produce oxygen and chemical energy is a major goal of artificial photosynthesis. In this work, we show that robust artificial cells (protocells) prepared by the membranization of polymer/nucleotide coacervate droplets with a bio-inspired Ru-based polyoxometalate (POM) catalytic oxygen-evolving center are capable of continuous light-assisted water oxidation at room temperature. We present a method to electrostatically assemble millions of the photocatalytic protocells into tissue-like protocellular sheets and spheroids and demonstrate that the protocellular assemblies exhibit enhanced rates of photocatalytic water oxidation compared with individual protocells.

Emissive Pentacene-Loaded βcyclodextrin-Derived C-Nanodots Exhibit Red-Light Triggered Photothermal Effect.

The design of multifunctional carbon based nanosystems exhibiting light-triggered hyperthermia, emission, low cytotoxicity, and drug delivery capability is of significant interest in the area of nanomaterials. In this study, we present red-emitting and photothermal carbon nanodots (Cdots-βCD/PTC) obtained by the encapsulation of hydrophobic pentacene (PTC) within Carbon nanodots (Cdots) synthesized from beta-cyclodextrin (βCD). The prepared nanostructures were investigated in terms of morphology, size, and optical properties, by absorption and emission optical spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, dynamics light scattering, Z-potential, nuclear magnetic resonance, and infra-red spectroscopy.

Skin Barrier Restoration by Waste-Derived Multifunctional Adhesive Hydrogel Based on Tannin-Modified Chitosan.

The development of multifunctional materials that actively enhance the wound healing process is critically important in addressing clinical and public healthcare challenges. Here, we report a multifunctional hydrogel obtained through physical cross-linking of chitosan and wood tannins for active wound management. Tannins, as polyphenolic wood-waste derivatives, act both as multifunctional additives and cross-linking agents, resulting in a stable and highly swellable hydrogel (>2000%·mg).

PanCareSurPass Project in Germany: Local Developments for the Multi-Country Implementation Study of SurPass v2.0 at a Single Center in Germany.

The implementation of standardized long-term follow-up care for childhood cancer survivors is crucial for ensuring their well-being. In this paper, we focus on the integration of the Survivorship Passport into the German healthcare system, particularly through collaboration between the University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein and the German Childhood Cancer Registry. The SurPass aims to provide comprehensive treatment summaries and personalized care plans based on international guidelines.

Corallith bed of the endangered coral Cladocora caespitosa in the South Adriatic Sea.

The colonial coral Cladocora caespitosa is a Mediterranean-endemic scleractinian structuring ecosystems of great conservation and ecological importance. Their nomenclature is here revised distinguishing between three different C. caespitosa formations: beds, grounds and reefs.

Evaluation of the Strontium Isotope Ratios in Soil-Plant-Fruit: A Comprehensive Study on Vignola Cherry (Ciliegia di Vignola PGI).

This study investigates the potential of strontium isotopes as a geographical tracer for Vignola cherries. Despite several studies having employed this indicator to trace the origin of food products, the mechanisms underlying the fractionation and translocation of strontium from soil to edible parts remain poorly understood. In this study, the Zr/Zr ratio was used as a normalization pair to correct measurements of Sr/Sr and Sr/Sr (δSr).

A Photonastic Prototissue Capable of Photo-Mechano-Chemical Transduction.

Despite recent significant advances in the controlled assembly of protocell units into complex 3D architectures, the development of prototissues capable of mimicking the sophisticated energy transduction processes fundamental to living tissues remains a critical unmet challenge in bottom-up synthetic biology. Here a synthetic approach is described to start addressing this challenge and report the bottom-up chemical construction of a photonastic prototissue endowed with photo-mechano-chemical transduction capabilities. For this, novel protocells enclosing photothermal transducing proto-organelles based on gold nanoparticles and a thermoresponsive polymeric proto-cortex are developed.

Recyclable, Biobased Polycarbonates and Polyesters by Naphthoxy-Imine Zinc and Magnesium Complexes.

Naphthoxy-imine pyridine zinc and magnesium complexes were synthesized and fully characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). In the presence of an alcohol as initiator, both complexes promoted the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of L-lactide (L-LA), ε-caprolactone (ε-CL), β-butyrolactone (β-BL), trimethylene carbonate (TMC), and 1-methyl trimethylene carbonate (Me-TMC), which was purposely synthesized from CO and the appropriate diol. The zinc complex exhibited notably high activity, particularly in the polymerization of lactide and TMC, and was subsequently employed in the synthesis of polytrimethylene carbonate-based diblock and random copolymers with both ε-CL and L-LA.

Mechanochemical Activation of NaHCO: A Solid CO Surrogate in Carboxylation Reactions.

Carbon dioxide, a primary driver of global warming, offers a promising feedstock for valuable chemical synthesis. Nonetheless, the reliance on highly pressurized canisters and specialized equipment limits its practical application in fine chemical synthesis. This study explores the innovative use of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO) as a safe, solid, on-demand source of CO under mechanochemical conditions to perform carboxylation reactions.

Pt NPs Supported on CeO/C as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction: Novel Physicochemical Insights on the Synthesis and on the Improved Activity and Stability.

This study emphasizes the effect of CeO on the Pt nanoparticle (NP) dimension, stability, and activity versus the oxygen reduction reaction. It is demonstrated that the one-pot synthesis of Pt NPs along with CeO NPs over carbon support produces small Pt NPs (2 nm) with higher activity, than the sole Pt NPs, thanks to the cooperative interaction exerted by CeO. This is nicely demonstrated by using synchrotron wide-angle X-ray total scattering and advanced data analysis, monitoring the in situ nucleation and growth of Pt NPs in the presence of preformed CeO NPs or of a Ce precursor.

From Sensors to Data Intelligence: Leveraging IoT, Cloud, and Edge Computing with AI.

The exponential growth of connected devices and sensor networks has revolutionized data collection and monitoring across industries, from healthcare to smart cities. However, the true value of these systems lies not merely in gathering data but in transforming it into actionable intelligence. The integration of IoT, cloud computing, edge computing, and AI offers a robust pathway to achieve this transformation, enabling real-time decision-making and predictive insights.

Unravelling Paclitaxel Resistance in Gastric Cancer: The Role of Small Extracellular Vesicles in Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition and Extracellular Matrix Remodelling.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly aggressive disease often complicated by resistance to chemotherapy agents like paclitaxel (PTX), which targets microtubules to induce apoptosis. Resistance arises through complex molecular mechanisms, including the overexpression of pro-angiogenic factors (VEGFA, ANG-2), activation of survival pathways (PDGFRβ, PPARγ), and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) driven by proteins such as VIM, E-CAD, N-CAD, and FLOT-1. The extracellular matrix (ECM), regulated by COL1A1 and influenced by PPARγ, acts as a physical barrier to drug penetration.

Fixed combination of palmitoylethanolamide and melatonin in preventive therapy of migraine: results from a randomized clinical trial.

Introduction: Migraines are neurological disorders which significantly impact quality of life. Current pharmacological treatments often have adverse effects, prompting the search for alternatives with fewer side effects. Several studies have described the antimigraine properties of palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and melatonin.

Thymidine Phosphorylase Inhibitory Potential and Molecular Docking Studies of Secondary Metabolites Isolated From Fernandoa adenophylla (Wall. ex G. Don) Steenis.

This study investigates the potential of Fernandoa adenophylla, a South American plant, as a reservoir of compounds with thymidine phosphorylase (TP) inhibitory activity. Through a comprehensive approach combining in vitro assays and molecular docking analysis, we isolated and characterized bioactive compounds from F. adenophylla, including lapachol, alpha-lapachone, Peshawaraquinone, dehydro-α-lapachone, and indanone derivative (Methyl-1,2-dihydroxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-1carboxylate).

Mechanochemical Aerobic Activation of Metallic Copper for the Synthesis of 1,4-Allenynes.

Mechanical activation of zero-valent metals is emerging as a new paradigm in sustainable synthesis, opening up a broad swath of chemical space under more practical conditions than solution-phase methods. Contrary to its neighboring elements in the periodic table, copper has been significantly overlooked in this domain, especially for CC bond formation. Herein, a mechanochemical method for synthesizing >25 previously unreported conjugated allenynes-a valuable scaffold in organic synthesis is presented-through copper-catalyzed homocoupling of propargylic esters.

Oxylipins as canine sepsis indicators in vivo and in ex vivo skin organ culture model.

Sepsis, a life-threatening condition characterized by a dysregulated immune response to infection, remains a significant cause of mortality in both humans and veterinary patients. This study explores oxylipins as potential indicators of sepsis in dogs through in vivo plasma analysis and an ex vivo lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated skin organ culture model. By employing a robust analytical platform, 52 oxylipins and 4 polyunsaturated fatty acids were profiled in plasma and skin cultures.