Genome-wide transcriptional profiling and physiological investigation elucidating the molecular mechanism of multiple abiotic stress response in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni.

Considering the major source of plant-derived low/non-calorie steviol glycosides (SGs), comprehensive physiological, biochemical, and deep transcriptional investigations were conducted to explicit deeper insight into multiple abiotic stress responses in Stevia rebaudiana. The physiological indicators including photosynthesis, chlorophyll, relative water content, shoot growth, electrolyte leakage, and SG biosynthesis were negatively impacted under drought (DS), followed by salinity (SS) and waterlogging (WS). Global transcriptional analysis revealed significant upregulated expression of the genes encoding for ROS detoxification (GST, SOD, APX, glutathione peroxidase), osmotic adjustment (alpha-trehalose-phosphate and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase), ion transporters (CAX, NHX, CNGS, VPPase, VATPase), water channel (PIP1, TIP) and abiotic stress-responsive candidate genes (LEA, HSPs, and Dehydrins) regulating abiotic stress response in S.

Highly robust quantum mechanics and umbrella sampling studies on inclusion complexes of curcumin and β-cyclodextrin.

The poor aqueous solubility of curcumin (CUR) obstructs its wide utilization in nutraceuticals, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical companies. This study is dedicated to investigate the stability of CUR inside the hydrophobic pocket of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), hydroxypropyl-β-CD (HP-β-CD), and 2,6-Di-O-methyl-β-CD (DM-β-CD). Initially, molecular mechanics (MM) calculations and subsequently quantum mechanical (QM) calculations were performed on inclusion complexes to strengthen the MM results.

fruit extract and its major phytometabolite chrysin prevent hippocampal apoptosis and memory impairment in PTZ-kindled mice.

Objectives: Epilepsy is a chronic neurological condition with recurrent seizures. One-third of epilepsy patients experience unacceptable side effects from antiepileptic drugs. is a deciduous tree from southern Asia.

Wild Edible Flowers of Western Himalayas: Nutritional Characterization, UHPLC-QTOF-IMS-Based Phytochemical Profiling, Antioxidant Properties, and Bioaccessibility of Polyphenols.

Four edible flowers commonly consumed in the Western Himalayan region, namely, (Kachnar), (Nasturtium), (Chamomile), and (Marigold), were characterized for their nutritional and phytochemical composition. Through the UHPLC-QTOF-IMS-based metabolomics approach, 131 compounds were tentatively identified consisting of phenolic acids, flavonoid glycosides, terpenoids, amino acids, and fatty acid derivatives. Kaempferol and quercetin glycosides for Kachnar, apigenin glycosides and caffeoylquinic acid derivatives for Chamomile, patulin and quercetin derivatives for Marigold, cyanidin and delphinidin glycosides for Nasturtium were the predicted marker metabolites identified through non-targeted metabolomics.

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis reveal the role of histone methyltransferase and demethylase genes in heat stress response in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.).

Background: Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), the third most important non-cereal crop, is sensitive to high temperature. Histone modifications have been known to regulate various abiotic stress responses.

Small Heat Shock Protein (sHsp22.98) from Plays Important Role in Apple Scar Skin Viroid Transmission.

commonly known as the greenhouse whitefly, severely infests important crops and serves as a vector for apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd). This vector-mediated transmission may cause the spread of infection to other herbaceous crops. For effective management of ASSVd, it is important to explore the whitefly's proteins, which interact with ASSVd RNA and are thereby involved in its transmission.

The multi-protein targeting potential of bioactive syringin in inflammatory diseases: using molecular modelling and in-silico analysis of regulatory elements.

Inflammation plays a crucial role in the onset or progression of a variety of acute and chronic diseases. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the only available FDA-approved therapy. The therapeutic outcome of NSAIDs is still finite due to off-target effects and extreme side effects on other vital organs.

Salicylate and jasmonate intertwine in ROS-triggered chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signaling.

Plants, being sessile, are frequently exposed to environmental perturbations, affecting their sustenance and survival. In response, distinct inherent mechanisms emerged during plant evolution to deal with environmental stresses. Among various organelles, chloroplast plays an indispensable role in plant cells.

Identification of Novel, Potent, and Selective Compounds against Malaria Using Glideosomal-Associated Protein 50 as a Drug Target.

Phylum apicomplexan consists of parasites, such as and . These obligate intracellular parasites enter host cells an energy-dependent process using specialized machinery, called the glideosome. In the present study, we used GAP50, a glideosome-associated protein, as a target to screen 951 different compounds from diverse chemical libraries.

Alpine plant species converge towards adopting elevation-specific resource-acquisition strategy in response to experimental early snow-melting.

Snow-melt is one of the important factors limiting growth and survival of alpine plants. Changes in snow-melt timing have profound effects on eco-physiological characteristics of alpine plant species through alterations in growing season length. Here, we conducted a field experiment and studied species response to experimentally induced early snow-melting (ES) (natural vs.

Modulation of mammary tumour progression using murine model by ethanol root extract of Saussurea costus (falc.) lipsch.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Breast cancer is a major cause of death among human females across the globe. The anti-neoplastic agents or therapies used for the treatment of cancers can enhance longevity but are subsequently observed to deteriorate the quality of life due to the extensive side effects produced. Saussurea costus is a potential medicinal plant of the Himalayas with noticeable ethnopharmacological properties.

Drug repurposing: a nexus of innovation, science, and potential.

The urgency of finding therapeutic solutions for emerging and existing health challenges has never been more pronounced. In the pursuit of this goal, the value of a strategy that makes use of existing resources is being recognized: drug repurposing or repositioning of compounds for new indications. Such approaches are employed against cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, HIV/AIDS, and many other diseases.

Functional fluorescent nanomaterials for the detection, diagnosis and control of bacterial infection and biofilm formation: Insight towards mechanistic aspects and advanced applications.

Infectious diseases resulting from the high pathogenic potential of several bacteria possesses a major threat to human health and safety. Traditional methods used for screening of these microorganisms face major issues with respect to detection time, selectivity and specificity which may delay treatment for critically ill patients past the optimal time. Thus, a convincing and essential need exists to upgrade the existing methodologies for the fast detection of bacteria.

Endomicrobiome of and natural plants deciphering the endophytes-associated secondary metabolite biosynthesis in , a Himalayan medicinal herb.

is a major source of picrosides, potent hepatoprotective molecules. Due to the ever-increasing demands, overexploitation has caused an extensive decline in its population in the wild and placed it in the endangered plants' category. At present plant systems are widely used for the sustainable generation of plants, and also for the conservation of other commercially important, rare, endangered, and threatened plant species.

Pd/C-Catalyzed Carbonylative Amidation for the Synthesis of 2-Carboxamidocyclohexane-1,3-diones.

Herein, a first-ever heterogeneous Pd/C-catalyzed single-step tandem approach for the synthesis of 2-carboxamidocyclohexane-1,3-diones via direct carbonylative C-H amidation of cyclohexane-1,3-diones is reported. The reaction progressed under base-, oxidant-, and ligand-free conditions employing oxalic acid as a CO surrogate and sodium azide as a nitrogen precursor in a double-layer vial system.

Genomic Variation, Population History, and Long-Term Genetic Adaptation to High Altitudes in Tibetan Partridge (Perdix hodgsoniae).

Species residing across elevational gradients display adaptations in response to environmental changes such as oxygen availability, ultraviolet radiation, and temperature. Here, we study genomic variation, gene expression, and long-term adaptation in Tibetan Partridge (Perdix hodgsoniae) populations residing across the elevational gradient of the Tibetan Plateau. We generated a high-quality draft genome and used it to carry out downstream population genomic and transcriptomic analysis.

Physio-Biochemical Integrators and Transcriptome Analysis Reveal Nano-Elicitation Associated Response during (Schult. and Schult. F.) Backer ex K. Heyne Micropropagation.

Bamboos are perennial, arborescent, monocarpic and industrially important non-timber plants. They are important for various purposes, such as carbon sequestration, biodiversity support, construction, and food and fiber production. However, traditional vegetative propagation is insufficient for bamboo multiplication.

Amorphous solid dispersion augments the bioavailability of phloretin and its therapeutic efficacy via targeting mTOR/SREBP-1c axis in NAFLD mice.

The escalating incidences of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and associated metabolic disorders are global health concerns. Phloretin (Ph) is a natural phenolic compound, that exhibits a wide array of pharmacological actions including its efficacy towards NAFLD. However, poor solubility and bioavailability of phloretin limits its clinical translation.

Metagenomic signatures reveal the key role of phloretin in amelioration of gut dysbiosis attributed to metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease by time-dependent modulation of gut microbiome.

The importance of gut-liver axis in the pathophysiology of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is being investigated more closely in recent times. However, the inevitable changes in gut microbiota during progression of the disease merits closer look. The present work intends to assess the time-dependent gut dysbiosis in MAFLD, its implications in disease progression and role of plant-derived prebiotics in its attenuation.

Erythrocyte Membrane Cloaked Cytokine Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles Create Localized Controlled Inflammation for Rapid In Vitro Wound Healing.

Due to impaired wound healing, millions of acute and chronic wound cases with increased morbidity have been recorded in the developed countries. The primary reason has been attributed to uncontrolled inflammation at the wound site, which makes healing impossible for years. The use of red blood cell (RBC) ghosts or erythrocyte membranes for different theranostic applications has gained significant attention in recent years due to their biocompatibility and biomimicking properties.

Comparative Studies of Essential Oil Composition and Biological Activities of Callistemon citrinus from Western Himalaya.

This work described a comprehensive study to estimate chemical constituents of essential oils (EOs) extracted from different parts of the Callistemon citrinus viz: fruits, leaves and aerial part. The EOs were characterized using physicochemical parameters, and GC-FID/MS. It was observed that among different parts, aerial part has the highest oil yield (0.

Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn interacts with Gsk-3β/Nrf-2 signalling to protect neurotoxicity in a zebrafish model.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn is used as a folk medicine in many Asian countries due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and several other health-promoting properties. It is also prescribed to improve neurocognitive functions and alleviate inflammatory conditions.

Antibody-conjugated nanoparticles for target-specific drug delivery of chemotherapeutics.

Nanotechnology provides effective methods for precisely delivering chemotherapeutics to cancer cells, thereby improving efficacy and reducing off-target side effects. The targeted delivery of nanoscale chemotherapeutics is accomplished by two different approaches, namely the exploitation of leaky tumor vasculature (EPR effect) and the surface modification of nanoparticles (NPs) with various tumor-homing peptides, aptamers, oligonucleotides, and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Because of higher binding affinity and specificity, mAbs have received a lot of attention for the detection of selective cancer biomarkers and also for the treatment of various types of cancer.

Quantitative determination of specialised metabolites in different parts of Juglans regia Linn. and Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch by using UHPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS/MS.

Introduction: Juglans regia Linn. and Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K.