Synthesis and structure of di-aqua-bis-(nicotinamide-κ)bis-(nitrato-κ ,')calcium(II).

The title complex, [Ca(NO)(CHNO)(HO)], crystallizes with an eight-coordinate Ca ion in a distorted trigonal-dodeca-hedral coordination environment. The metal ion is coordinated to two nicotinamide ligands their carbonyl O atoms, two bidentate nitrate anions and two water mol-ecules. The nicotinamide ligands adopt a nearly geometry, while the nitrate anions and aqua ligands are arranged in a pseudo- fashion.

Recent advances in the discovery of novel bleaching herbicides inspired by natural products.

Pigment biosynthesis serves as a fundamental physiological process vital for weeds survival. Disruption of this pathway leads to the depletion of critical pigments, ultimately resulting in weeds death. Consequently, pigment biosynthesis has become a valuable target in modern herbicide development.

NA Comparison of Transduction Efficiency of Medial Septal Neurons by Adeno-Associated Viruses with Three Promoters.

Background: Most researchers rely on popular promoters like the synthetic CAG promoter or human synapsin promoter to transduce various brain neurons. However, their effectiveness in transducing forebrain cholinergic neurons remains unclear.

New Method: We compared efficacy of transduction of cholinergic neurons and parvalbumin-positive neurons in the medial septal area of rats and mice by adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) carrying the green fluorescent protein (GFP) marker gene under three distinct promoters-CAG, synapsin, and the mouse choline acetyltransferase (CHAT) promoter.

Enabling Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Multiplexing Using UnaG through Its Modification with Canonical and Noncanonical Amino Acids.

Fluorogen-activating proteins are powerful molecular tools for microscopy, including functional imaging. These proteins serve as an alternative to GFP-like proteins, as they do not require oxygen for chromophore maturation. However, the restricted selectivity of proteins to chromophores, combined with the limited number of spectral channels of conventional fluorescent microscopes, hinders the development of multicolor synthetic dyes.

Hypomethylating agents increase L1 retroelement expression without inducing novel insertions in myeloid malignancies.

Retroelements in the human genome are silenced via multiple mechanisms, including DNA methylation, to prevent their potential mutagenic effect. Retroelement activity, demonstrated by their expression and somatic retrotransposition events, was shown to be deregulated in multiple tumors but not yet in leukemia. We hypothesized that treatment with hypomethylating agents, commonly used in myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia, could lead to increased retroelement activity and somatic retrotranspositions, thus contributing to disease progression.

A new generation of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) gold-selenolato complexes as potent anticancer agents: distinct synthetic routes and evaluation in 2D and 3D cancer models.

Two distinct synthetic pathways are disclosed that lead to new gold-selenolato complexes, stabilized by N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs). The weak base route can provide facile access to phenylselenolate complexes of gold, using both NHC and phopshine ligands. In addition, the pathway based on the carbometallation of elemental selenium enables the construction of a more diverse library of products, based on substituted aryl-selenide fragments whose selenol congeners are not commercially available.

CAR T cell therapy for central nervous system solid tumors: current progress and future directions.

Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are the second most common type of cancer in children and remain the leading cause of mortality in pediatric oncology. For patients with high-risk CNS tumors, standard treatments often prove ineffective, with survival rates being less than 10%. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop alternative treatment strategies for this patient population.

Immune checkpoints in immune response to glioma: two sides of the same coin.

Gliomas are aggressive brain tumors of glial origin accounting for about 80% of the central nervous system (CNS) malignancies. Glioma cells are known to form a highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) capable of inhibiting T cell activation and protecting tumors from elimination by the immune system. One of the predominant immune inhibitory mechanisms in the TME are immune checkpoints: a complex system of membrane-bound ligands on tumor and immune cells that interact with surface receptors on T lymphocytes and affect their activation and cytotoxicity.

Association between Human Leukocyte Antigen Alleles and Endocrine Disorders in a Cohort of 895 Patients from Russian Clinical Population.

Endocrine disorders represent a serious public health problem and frequently can be caused by genetic factors or their combination with environmental and lifestyle factors. Assessment of relevant genetic factors is important to estimate the risk of endocrine pathologies in an individual before their manifestation. Identification of genetic variations in proteins of the major histocompatibility complex is important with regard to the autoimmune nature of many endocrine pathologies, including type 1 diabetes.

Formation of Circular RNAs.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) constitute a class of covalently closed, single-stranded RNA molecules that form a continuous loop structure, setting them apart from linear RNA molecules. These circular entities arise through a distinct biogenetic process termed "backsplicing," which involves the covalent bonding of the 5' site of an upstream exon with the 3' site of the same or a downstream exon during pre-messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) splicing. Such a direct backsplicing model exists along with the exon- and lariat-skipping models of circRNA generation, giving rise to three major types of circRNAs, i.

Phage Banzai: Genomic and Functional Analysis of Novel with Lytic Activity Against .

Antibiotic-resistant presents a critical global health challenge, particularly in hospital-acquired infections. Bacteriophages offer a promising therapeutic avenue due to their ability to target and lyse resistant strains. This study characterizes phage Banzai, a newly isolated (family ) with lytic activity against multiple isolates, including multidrug-resistant strains.

Adaptation of the Protocol for the Isolation of Biotinylated Protein Complexes for Tissues.

Proximity biotinylation, which utilizes various biotin ligating enzymes (BioID, TurboID, etc.), is widely used as a powerful tool for identifying novel protein-protein interactions. However, this method has a significant limitation: the use of streptavidin on beads for enriching biotinylated proteins often results in a high background of peptides from streptavidin itself, which interferes with identification by peptide mass fingerprinting.

A Novel Study of β1- and β2-Adrenergic Receptors Present on PBMCs, T Cells, Monocytes, and NK Cells by Radioligand Method: Quantitation and Correlations.

β-adrenoreceptor (ADRB) ligands are actively used in the therapy of bronchopulmonary and cardiovascular diseases. When using these drugs, it is important to assess changes in ADRB content in different tissues. In most cases, the direct measurement of ADRB content in lung and heart cells is not possible.

Whole-miRNome sequencing: a panel for the targeted sequencing of all human miRNA genes.

Interest in the genetic variation of noncoding genomic elements, including microRNAs (miRNAs), is growing, and several mutations in miRNA genes implicated in human diseases, including cancer, have already been detected. However, the lack of dedicated analytical tools severely hampers progress in this area. In this study, we developed the first whole-miRNome sequencing (WMS) platform, which enables the targeted sequencing of all human miRNA genes (n ∼2000) and 28 miRNA biogenesis genes.

Re-engineering a transferase scaffold for indole C3 methylation in diketopiperazines.

The pyrroloindole (hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indole, HPI) structural motif is present in a wide range of natural products with various biological activities, yet its chemical synthesis poses a challenge, particularly regarding methylation at the indole C3 position. In nature, S-adenosyl methionine (SAM)-dependent methyltransferases efficiently catalyze this reaction with high stereoselectivity. This study presents the investigation and rational re-design of a potential methyltransferase, termed SeMT, from the actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea.

Specific Matrix on the Basis of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2: Development and Functional Analysis.

In this study, an affinity matrix based on recombinant human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) immobilized on a porous polymeric substrate was developed and characterized. The matrix efficiently binds viral particles pseudotyped with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. These findings highlight the prospects for creating novel affinity matrices for extracorporeal hemoperfusion aimed at reducing viral load in patients with high viremia and severe COVID-19.

Susceptibility to and severity of tuberculosis infection in mice depends upon MHC-II-determined level of activation-inhibition balance in CD4 T-cells.

Previously we have shown that -congenic recombinant mice of the B6.I-9.3 ( ) strain are significantly more susceptible to tuberculosis (TB) infection compared to their C57BL/6 (B6, ) ancestors.

[Components of Bacterial Cell Walls as Targets for Searching for New Antibacterial Compounds: Methods of Study].

In the modern-day world, antibiotic resistance is one of the most serious threats to both human health and food security. Finding new ways to prevent and overcome the formation of pathogen resistance to antibiotics is an extremely important and urgent task in modern medical science. All bacteria, except myco-plasmas, have cell walls in which various enzymes, receptors, transporters, channels, and antigens are located.

Study of the influence of population immunity to tick-borne encephalitis virus on the characteristics of the epidemic process in Russia.

Background: Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a significant public health challenge in Russia. Vaccination is one of the most effective measures to control TBE. The aim of our study was to assess the state of anti-TBE virus population immunity, including artificial post-vaccine and natural post-infection immunity, in the context of characteristics of the epidemic process in Russia.

A genetically encoded Mango II-based system with increased brightness and selectivity for imaging RNAs in live cells.

Few genetically encoded systems based on aptamer-dye pairs meet all the requirements of bioimaging in terms of brightness, contrast, ., thus necessitating their optimization. Here, we report a new biotin-free fluorogenic ligand that demonstrates increased selectivity for Mango II over other DNA/RNA structures in tube and brightness in complex with genetically encoded aptamer-labeled RNA in live cells compared to the known dye.

Multivalent fusion protein targeting VEGFR2 and DR5 receptors: assessing the antiangiogenic and antitumor effects via multimodal microangiography.

Background: Anti-angiogenic therapy is a clinically validated method for cancer treatment. It was previously revealed that concurrent targeting of angiogenic and death receptor signaling pathways by a multivalent DR5-specific cytokine TRAIL variant DR5-B genetically fused with the effector peptides, SRH-DR5-B-iRGD, enhances solid tumor suppression and prolongs survival. The SRH peptide is aimed at blocking the tumor neoangiogenesis by preventing activation of the VEGFR2 receptor, while the iRGD peptide interferes with the activation of integrin αβ, and enhances the tumor penetration.

Phytochemicals Composition and Bioactivities of Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. Extract and Fractions With In Silico Insights.

Leaves of Fagopyrum esculentum Moench were selected for their rich content of phytochemicals, offering potential biological activities. The aqueous residual fraction (AF) exhibited higher extraction yield (17.5%) compared with the other fractions.

The coronavirus spike HR2 domain: An obscure player entering the limelight during membrane fusion?

The coronavirus spike protein, the key entity effectuating membrane fusion, cannot exist without membrane-active fragments. In addition to fusion peptides, among such domains are HR1 and HR2. Crucial to the spike's refolding and membrane fusion, they are believed to both interact with each other and bind to the membranes that are merged.

Modified Nucleotides in Bifunctional Antisense Oligonucleotides: Exploring their Anticancer Potential.

Bifunctional antisense oligonucleotides (BASOs) are splice-switching molecular tools composed of two, functional parts, that is, antisense part that hybridizes to target pre-messenger RNA fragment and regulatory part that recruits splicing factors to that localization. The aim is to verify the influence of variously modified nucleotides on alternative splicing regulation of the pyruvate kinase M1/2 gene and the anticancer potential of BASOs. The effect of modified BASOs on the phenotype of cancer cells is evaluated by real-time measurement of cell proliferation and motility.