Fruit tree-based restoration strategy to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, and enhance the profitability of degraded land in semi-arid tropics.

Degraded lands are crucial for achieving the CoP-26 targets such as, achieving net-zero to limit global warming by 2030. Transforming these lands with sustainable and nature positive practice is vital to increasing C stocks, offsetting greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and improving land values. The degraded shallow basaltic landscape was rehabilitated through bio-engineering strategies in 2012-13 and assessed the impact of fruit trees (mango, pomegranate, and coconut) cultivation on GHG mitigation potential, yield, generating C credits, and oxygen production over eight-years (up to 2021-22).

A multi-scenario framework for quantifying flood hazard and exposure accounting for runoff-driven uncertainty in global flood models.

With growing populations and an increasing frequency of flood events, large-scale flood hazard assessment (LSFHA) and exposure analyses have become critically important. Global Flood Models (GFMs) significantly contribute to these efforts by simulating flood dynamics based on runoff inputs from Land Surface Models (LSMs), Global Hydrological Models (GHMs), or Reanalysis datasets. However, GFM outputs remain highly sensitive to runoff input choice, leading to substantial uncertainty in LSFHA.

Remote sensing and image analysis of macro-plastic litter: A review.

Effective reduction of oceanic plastic pollution requires scalable and objective monitoring methods that go beyond traditional human-based surveys. This review synthesizes recent advances in remote sensing and AI-driven image analysis for detecting macro-plastic litter. Peer-reviewed studies published up to 2024 were systematically selected from the Scopus database, focusing on applications of remote sensing platforms including webcams, drones, balloons, aircraft, and satellites for monitoring plastic litter in coastal, riverine, and other aquatic environments.

Lactoferrin as a therapeutic modulator of oxidative stress in inflammatory conditions.

Oxidative stress, driven by excess reactive oxygen species (ROS), induces widespread biomolecular damage through the oxidation of lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, contributing to the onset and progression of numerous inflammatory diseases. Among these, 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) are widely recognized as biomarkers of lipid peroxidation and oxidative DNA damage, respectively. In this study, we have investigated the potential of lactoferrin, an innate immune glycoprotein with established antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, to modulate the activity of these reactive byproducts.

RLR pathways in pregnancy: Guardians of antiviral immunity and mediators of inflammation-driven complications.

Pregnancy demands dynamic immune adaptations to support implantation, fetal growth, and labor while maintaining maternal-fetal tolerance. The immune profile shifts from pro-inflammatory during implantation to anti-inflammatory in mid-pregnancy, reverting to inflammation at labor onset. Key immune cells like NK cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, and T cells dominate the decidua, guiding successful placental development.

Nutrient driven stress resilience: Mechanisms of nutrient uptake, sensing and signaling in plants.

Plants being rooted entities, are highly susceptible to diverse abiotic stresses that impair their growth and development. To encounter these adverse conditions, plants have developed several morpho-physiological and biochemical strategies. In particular, nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, sulfur and iron-play an important role in enhancing stress resilience by promoting growth and regulating key signaling pathways.

Microwave Spectroscopy and Structure of the 1-Fluoronaphthalene···HO Complex: Two Hydrogen Bonds Make the Complex a Rigid Rotor.

The microwave spectrum of the complex formed between 1-fluoronaphthalene and HO has been recorded using a chirped pulse Fourier transform microwave spectrometer within the frequency range of 2.0 to 8.0 GHz, with neon as the carrier gas.

Evaporation of Ethanol from Liquid Ethanol and Water-Ethanol Mixtures: Mechanism, Kinetics, and Free Energy Changes for Different Compositions of the Mixtures.

Understanding the evaporation mechanism of liquid ethanol and ethanol-water binary mixtures is important for numerous scientific and industrial processes. The amount of water in liquid water-ethanol mixtures can significantly affect how quickly ethanol molecules evaporate. Here, we study the mechanism and rate of evaporation of ethanol from pure liquid ethanol and ethanol/water binary mixtures through both unbiased molecular dynamics simulations and biased simulations using the umbrella sampling method.

Foramen on Frontal Process of Zygomatic Bone.

Foramina in the orbit are well described in the literature. But the author of the present study observed an unusual foramen in the frontal process of the zygomatic bone, not reported so far, as far as the author knows. This foramen was observed in 2 skulls, in one skull bilaterally and in another skull unilaterally on the left side.

International students' experiences with U.S. healthcare providers and antibiotics: Quantitative and qualitative data.

The goal of this article was to examine international students' experiences with healthcare providers and antibiotic prescribing in their home countries versus in the United States. We collected survey and focus group data from international students from China, India, and South Korea. Both quantitative survey data and qualitative focus group data was collected.

FDG PET Findings in Rare Brain Sodium Channelopathy Associated with SCN2A Gene Mutation.

SCN2A gene mutations, which affect the function of the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.2, are associated with a spectrum of neurological disorders, including epileptic encephalopathies and autism spectrum disorders. Advanced imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) have been instrumental in elucidating the neuroanatomic and functional alterations associated with these mutations.

DNA Binding and Electrochemical Characterization of Oxidative Products of the Cobalt(II) Complex.

The synthesis of -tetrakis(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)porphyrin [HT(3,4,5-OCH)PP] and cobalt(II) -tetrakis(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)porphyrin [Co(T(3,4,5-OCH)PP)] has been successfully accomplished. The oxidation properties of [Co(T(3,4,5-OCH)PP)] have been assessed through UV-vis, NMR, and EPR techniques. It can be seen in the UV-vis spectrum that adding SbCl caused extra peaks to appear at 674 nm, which means that a π-cation radical was formed.

: Extensive medium vessel vasculitis associated with childhood lupus.

A 16-year boy had a history of rash, oral ulcers, alopecia, photosensitivity, cheilitis, and weight loss, for which he was started on steroids, methotrexate, and hydroxychloroquine from outside. Three years later, he developed pericardial effusion and peripheral neuropathy, that were managed at an outside hospital. Later, he presented to us with weight loss, diffuse rash, left facial palsy, and left lateral rectus palsy.

COMBINING ASSESSMENT OF MUSCLE STRENGTH WITH MYOPENIA BETTER PREDICTS EARLY POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS AFTER PANCREATICODUODENECTOMY.

Background: Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is a complex procedure with significant postoperative morbidity. Associated sarcopenia could be a potential risk for increased post-operative complications.

Methods: Patients who had undergone pancreaticoduodenectomy bet-ween July 2019 to December 2020 were included in the study.

Strong Magnon-Phonon Coupling in the Kagome Antiferromagnets.

Magnon-phonon hybridization in ordered materials is a crucial phenomenon with significant implications for spintronics, magnonics, and quantum materials research. We present direct experimental evidence and theoretical insights into magnon-phonon coupling in Mn_{3}Ge, a kagome antiferromagnet with noncollinear spin order. Using inelastic x-ray scattering and ab initio modeling, we uncover strong hybridization between planar spin fluctuations and transverse optical phonons, resulting in a large hybridization gap of ∼2  meV.

Ordering and Defect Cloaking in Nonreciprocal Lattice XY Models.

We present a detailed analytical and numerical examination, on square and triangular lattices, of the nonreciprocal planar spin model introduced in Dadhichi et al. [Phys. Rev.

Investigating the know-do gap in antibiotics prescribing: Experimental evidence from India.

Antimicrobial resistance is largely driven by overuse of antibiotics, which is particularly common in low- and middle-income countries. We combine provider knowledge assessments and over 2000 anonymous standardized patient visits to providers in India to examine why they overprescribe antibiotics for pediatric diarrhea and figure out how to reduce overprescribing. Seventy percent of providers prescribed antibiotics without indication of bacterial infection.

Unwanted Couplings Can Induce Amplification in Quantum Memories despite Negligible Apparent Noise.

Theoretical quantum memory design often involves selectively focusing on certain energy levels to mimic an ideal Λ configuration, a common approach that may unintentionally overlook the impact of neighboring levels or undesired couplings. While this simplification may be justified in certain protocols or platforms, it can significantly distort the achievable memory performance. Through numerical semiclassical analysis, we show that the presence of unwanted energy levels and undesired couplings in an absorptive memory based on a nitrogen-vacancy center can significantly amplify the signal, resulting in memory efficiencies exceeding unity, a clear indication of unwanted noise at the quantum level.

Evidence for Similar Collectivity of High Transverse-Momentum Particles in p-Pb and Pb-Pb Collisions.

Charged hadron elliptic anisotropies (v_{2}) are presented over a wide transverse momentum (p_{T}) range for proton-lead (pPb) and lead-lead (PbPb) collisions at nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energies of 8.16 and 5.02 TeV, respectively.

Observation of Three Resonant Structures in the Cross Section of e^{+}e^{-}→π^{+}π^{-}h_{c}.

Using e^{+}e^{-} collision data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the Beijing electron positron collider, the cross section of e^{+}e^{-}→π^{+}π^{-}h_{c} is measured at 59 points with center-of-mass energy sqrt[s] ranging from 4.009 to 4.950 GeV with a total integrated luminosity of 22.

Onset of Constituent Quark Number Scaling in Heavy-Ion Collisions at RHIC.

Partonic collectivity is one of the necessary signatures for the formation of quark-gluon plasma in high-energy nuclear collisions. Number of constituent quarks (NCQ) scaling has been observed for hadron elliptic flow v_{2} in top energy nuclear collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the LHC, and this has been theoretically suggested as strong evidence for partonic collectivity. In this Letter, a systematic analysis of v_{2} of π^{±}, K^{±}, K_{S}^{0}, p, and Λ in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=3.

Cosmosis: A Metaphorical Bridge Connecting the Metaphysical Cosmos and Physiological Osmosis.

In this article, "Cosmosis" introduces a newly coined metaphorical term that illustrates conceptual parallels between the physiological process of osmosis and the expansive dynamics of the cosmos. Designed as an interdisciplinary teaching framework, Cosmosis provides a novel way to link cellular homeostasis with cosmological principles such as entropy, spacetime curvature, and dark energy. By drawing on core physiological terms such as concentration gradients, osmotic pressure, aquaporins, and membrane selectivity, Cosmosis offers an analogy that may spark curiosity, support integrative thinking, and encourage cross-disciplinary dialogue in physiology and biochemistry education.

Attention Gated-VGG with deep learning-based features for Alzheimer's disease classification.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is considered to be one of the neurodegenerative diseases with possible cognitive deficits related to dementia in human subjects. High priority should be put on efforts aimed at early detection of AD.

Research Design And Methods: Here, images undergo a pre-processing phase that integrates image resizing and the application of median filters.