Achieving white light emission from a hydrazone through three different channels: AIE, solvatochromism and excitation wavelength.

Reported herein is a hetero-bis-hydrazone that emits white light, capitalizing on AIE, solvatochromism, and tuning excitation wavelength. Two ESIPT moieties simultaneously emitting in the blue and orange regions led to white light. The presence of four tautomers, two from each, was crucial to achieve this.

Photocatalyst-free synthesis of quinazolinones from -aminobenzamides and rongalite under visible light.

A photocatalyst-free method has been developed for the synthesis of quinazolinones from -aminobenzamides and rongalite as a C synthon under visible light for the first time. This transformation proceeds using atmospheric oxygen as the oxidant, involving the generation of a superoxide radical anion (O˙), as supported by EPR analysis. Additionally, the formation of HO was confirmed by UV-Vis spectrophotometric analysis.

Cissus quadrangularis mediated biogenic synthesis of silver-nanohydroxyapatite-mesoporous silica nanocomposite, characterization, and cytotoxicity evaluation on dental pulp stem cells.

This study focuses on tripartite synthesis of Silver (AgNPs), Mesoporous Silica (MSNs), and Hydroxyapatite (n-HAp) nanoparticles with aqueous extract of Cissus quadrangularis (Veldt grape plant; Indian name: Pirandai) as a reducing agent. The dried and powdered form of the plant was subjected to aqueous extraction. The phytochemicals analysis was qualitatively estimated which detected the presence of alkaloid, tannin, phenol, terpenoid, steroid and saponin.

The Role of Phytosterol Derivatives in Inhibiting LuxS-Mediated Quorum Sensing and Biofilm Formation in Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a halophilic bacterium of the Vibrionaceae family, is a notable opportunistic pathogen that affects aquatic organisms, such as shrimp and fish. The LuxS enzyme, a Zn-dependent metalloenzyme, governs the synthesis of autoinducer-2 (AI-2), a conserved quorum-sensing molecule that modulates gene expression related to virulence in Vibrio species and Escherichia coli. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory potential of marine algae-derived bioactive compounds against the LuxS/AI-2 quorum-sensing system in Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

Neuroprotective effects of Tanshinone IIA in an acrylamide-induced in-vivo zebrafish model: Behavioral, biochemical and molecular restoration.

Acrylamide is a neurotoxic chemical widely present in carbohydrate-rich foods due to thermal processing. Chronic exposure to acrylamide can lead to oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration, resulting in motor dysfunction and cognitive impairments. In this study, we evaluated the neuroprotective potential of Tanshinone IIA (TIIA), a bioactive compound derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen), on an adult zebrafish model induced with acrylamide.

Metabarcoding-Based Seasonal Assessment of Airborne Microbial Communities in PM₁₀ Samples from a Semi-Urban Region in Tamil Nadu, India.

Airborne microbial communities show marked seasonal variability, with implications for both environmental processes and public health. In this study, metagenomic sequencing was applied to characterize airborne microbiota across four distinct seasons in India-winter (Sw), summer (Ss), southwest monsoon (Ssw), and northeast monsoon (Sne). Distinct shifts in dominant bacterial taxa were observed.

Digital Eye Strain Monitoring for One-Hour Smartphone Engagement Through Eye Activity Measurement System.

Smartphones have revolutionized our daily lives, becoming portable pocket computers with easy internet access. India, the second-highest smartphone and internet user, experienced a significant rise in smartphone usage between 2013 and 2024. Prolonged smartphone use, exceeding 20 min at a time, can lead to physical and mental health issues, including psychophysiological disorders.

Food Insecurity and Anxiety Symptoms Among Older Adults in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Objectives: The prevalence of anxiety is widely observed among older adults on a global scale. In this study, we investigate the relationship between food insecurity and anxiety symptoms in older adults living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Methods: Utilizing data from the WHO's Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health (SAGE), a cross-sectional analysis was undertaken across six diverse nations - India, China, Ghana, Mexico, Russia, and South Africa.

Biomolecular phase separation of microtubule-associated protein Tau and its role in the genesis of Brain Disorders.

Microtubule-associated tau (MAP) is a crucial component for cellular cytoskeleton stability. However, upon hyperphosphorylation, these tau proteins detach from microtubules, leading to the genesis of clumpy fibrillar-rich β or paired helical filamental structures known as amyloids. Such deposits predispose a multitude of fatal disorders, including Alzheimer's Disease.

A paper-based loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay coupled with a portable heating device for point-of-care detection of syphilis in low-resource settings.

Syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochete bacterium , remains a significant global health concern. Serological methods are widely used but have limitations in early-stage infections and immunocompromised patients. This highlights the need for rapid, accurate, and cost-effective diagnostic tools to aid in syphilis management and outbreak prevention.

In vitroanti-inflammatory effects of alginate sulfate and optimization of alginate sulfate/PVA/CA-based microneedle system.

Polymeric modification and transdermal delivery are rapidly growing fields. In this study, alginate sulfate (AlgS) was synthesized with varying degrees of sulfation using chlorosulfonic acid. The results indicated a greater level of sulfation for the reaction with increased chlorosulfonic content.

An alternative approach to replacing the synthetic radioprotective drug amifostine with natural compounds in a piscine model exposed to Co gamma radiation.

Radioprotection is a critical necessity in modern society, where synthetic drugs are currently the most prevalent agents used. However, natural compounds are gaining attention as promising radioprotectors due to their reduced adverse effects on human health. This study aims to explore the potential of natural compounds to replace the synthetic radioprotective drug, amifostine.

Chronic exposure to food additives: Monosodium glutamate and tartrazine dysregulate gut-brain axis in zebrafish model.

The commonly used food additives to enhance color and flavor are Monosodium glutamate and Tartrazine. The effects of both were investigated on chronic exposure of over 30 days to adult zebrafish, in four groups: control, tartazine (31,844 ppm), monosodium glutamate (10.9 × 10 ppm), and a combined exposure group (monosodium glutamate+tartazine = 5450 ppm + 15,922 ppm), with 10 fish per group in triplicates.

Exploring the structural and electronic properties of boron nitride nanotube (BNNT) as nanocarrier for drug delivery applications: DFT approach.

Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) have garnered significant interest due to their exceptional mechanical strength, chemical stability, and biocompatibility. However, their limited solubility in aqueous environments poses a major challenge for biomedical applications. In this study, we employ density functional theory (DFT) calculations to explore the impact of hydroxyl (-OH) and amine (-NH) functionalization on the structural, electronic, and solubility characteristics of BNNTs.

Auramine O, food dye induces cognitive impairment, anxiety, alters synaptic transmission and neural growth in zebrafish model.

Synthetic food dyes, widely used to enhance the visual appeal of food and beverages, are associated with potential neurobehavioral impacts, particularly in children. Despite its banned status in many regions, Auramine O (AO) has been detected as a contaminant in various food products. In silico studies have demonstrated that AO can induce neurotoxic effects.

Xanthan gum-stabilized docosahexaenoic acid loaded nanoemulgel: A stable nutraceutical delivery system with enhanced bioavailability.

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an omega-3 fatty acid beneficial for brain development and cardiovascular health. DHA has poor aqueous solubility and is highly susceptible to oxidation, limiting its bioavailability. To address these challenges, in the present investigation, nanoemulsion was prepared using DHA-enriched edible algal oil and tween 80 as an emulsifier (1 %) initially.

Effect of Imeglimin on mitochondrial function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Imeglimin, a novel oral hypoglycemic agent, is known to influence mitochondrial function and glucose metabolism. This study evaluates its effects on glycemic control, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number, and telomere dynamics in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were assigned to one of four treatment groups: (1) Imeglimin alone, (2) Imeglimin with metformin, (3) Imeglimin with other oral hypoglycemic agents, and (4) Metformin with other oral hypoglycemic agents.

Optimization enabled ResNet features with transfer learning for Alzheimer's disease detection.

Millions of individuals worldwide suffer from Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a debilitating degenerative condition. Early detection of Alzheimer's disease is critical to ensure effective treatment and better patient outcomes. In the past few years, advanced medical imaging techniques, particularly MRI, have shown potential for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease.

Multifunctional FeO mesocrystals for cancer therapy: integrating hyperthermia and targeted drug delivery.

Mesocrystals with hierarchical architecture and crystallographically aligned nanoparticles hold immense potential for advanced applications in catalysis, energy storage and biomedicine. However, challenges arise for biomedical applications due to their surfactant-controlled growth, lack of understanding of magnetic mesocrystals and their dopant effect. Herein, we report a facile, additive-free solvothermal synthesis of FeO mesocrystals (∼205 nm) and investigate their morphological evolution by correlating the structural changes with respect to magnetic properties.

A comprehensive review on the role of plant-derived bioactive metabolites driving ROS-mediated apoptosis in cancer.

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are essential in inducing cancer cell death through the promotion of oxidative stress, DNA damage, and the disturbance of cellular homeostasis. Natural bioactive chemicals sourced from plants and other natural products are significant for their capacity to selectively regulate ROS levels and cause apoptosis in cancer cells while sparing normal cells. The study gives a thorough summary of the molecular mechanisms of ROS-induced apoptosis, including mitochondrial damage, pro-apoptotic pathway activation, and inhibition of anti-apoptotic proteins.

Network-based approach identifies key genes associated with tumor heterogeneity in HPV positive and negative head and neck cancer patients.

Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) is the seventh most prevalent cancer worldwide and is classified as human papillomavirus (HPV) positive or negative. Substantial heterogeneity has been observed in the two groups, posing a significant clinical challenge. In the disease context, global transcriptional changes are likely driven by a few key genes that reflect the disease etiology more accurately compared to differentially expressed genes (DEGs).

Regulation of oxytocin receptor by zinc coumarin derivatives: a mechanistic approach to alleviate anxiety and enhance folliculogenesis in letrozole-induced PCOS in zebrafish model.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women, characterized by insulin resistance and mood disturbances. The therapeutic potential of traditional treatments is often limited by side effects, highlighting the need for novel interventions. This study investigated the efficacy of newly synthesized thiosemicarbazone coumarin zinc complexes, TSCO6-Zn (T1) and TSCO13-Zn (T2) were assessed in a letrozole-induced PCOS in-vivo zebrafish model.

Radical cascade cyclization of amino acid-tethered 1,6-enynones with sulfonyl hydrazides for N-terminal modification: synthesis of functionalized succinimide derivatives.

A metal-free strategy for the N-terminal cyclization of amino acids has been developed by synthesizing highly functionalized succinimide derivatives through radical cyclization of amino acid-tethered 1,6-enynones with sulfonyl hydrazide using NIS and HO as an oxidant. The notable advantages of this work includes time-efficient, good / ratio, moderate to good yields, and was synthesized on a gram-scale. Furthermore, the synthetic utility of the product 5aa was performed by (i) Suzuki coupling reaction with iodo-functionality; and (ii) dipeptide formation using glycine methyl ester.

Advanced drug-target interaction prediction using convolutional graph attention networks in expert systems.

Predicting drug-target interaction (DTI) is crucial in drug discovery and repurposing, as it significantly cuts the time and costs associated with traditional experimental methods. To address these challenges, this study introduces an advanced deep learning framework that integrates graph-based neural networks with novel feature selection mechanisms to improve DTI prediction accuracy. A Convolutional Multilayer Extreme Adversarial Graph Attention-based Neural Network (CMEAG-ANN), combined with a Fast Correlation-Based Gradient Naïve Bayes and Binary Pattern Selection (FC-GNBBPS) algorithm, is proposed for the robust and biologically meaningful feature extraction from DNA molecule-derived data.