A numerical approach to fractional Volterra-Fredholm integro-differential problems using shifted Chebyshev spectral collocation.

This study presents an innovative numerical framework for addressing initial value problems (IVPs) in linear fractional Volterra-Fredholm integro-differential equations (FVFIDEs). The approach utilizes a spectral collocation method grounded in shifted Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind to construct an approximate solution. By integrating this approximation into the governing equation and applying collocation constraints at predefined nodes, the IVP is converted into a system of linear algebraic equations.

Impact of asymptomatic malaria infection on children's growth in rural Malawi.

Asymptomatic malaria infections are common in endemic regions, yet their impact on children's growth remains inadequately understood. This study investigates the association between asymptomatic malaria and 6-18-month-old children's growth indices in rural Malawi. Dried blood spots from 840 participants in Lungwena Child Nutrition Intervention 5 (LCNI-5) clinical trial were analysed at the baseline (N = 697) and every 3 months for a year.

A systematic review of vedolizumab in treating pediatric ulcerative colitis: efficacy and safety insights.

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) in pediatric patients often results in corticosteroid (CS) dependency, with many individuals developing resistance to conventional treatments such as anti-TNF agents. Vedolizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting α4β7 integrin, has shown promise in adult populations, but data on its efficacy and safety in children and adolescents are limited.

Objectives: This systematic review aims to assess the effectiveness and safety of vedolizumab in treating UC in pediatric patients.

Functionalization of nanoceria a dual approach to anticancer and antifungal applications.

Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO NPs) have unique physicochemical properties that make them suitable for various applications, particularly in biomedicine. To enhance their compatibility with biological systems, we functionalized these nanoparticles with selected amino acids, which significantly improved their potential for biomedical use, as our findings show. Cerium oxide has a fluorite-type structure and can exist in both trivalent and tetravalent states.

Characterization and Identification of Diverse Fruit Rot Fungal Species Using Microscopic and Spectroscopic Approaches.

Given fungi's critical role in public health and their impact during pandemics such as COVID-19, precise identification and classification are essential. Additionally, fungi hold significant value in medical and economic applications. For this work, fungi were isolated from various fruit.

A study of traveling wave solutions and modulation instability in the (3+1)-dimensional Sakovich equation employing advanced analytical techniques.

In this paper, we investigate the newly formulated (3+1)-dimensional Sakovich equation, highlighting its utility in describing the dynamics of nonlinear waves. This novel equation effectively incorporates increased dispersion and nonlinear effects, thereby enhancing its applicability across various physical scenarios. This model especially useful when modeling nonlinear phenomena in materials that simpler linear models would not accurately describe.

Generative artificial intelligence acceptance, anxiety, and behavioral intention in the middle east: a TAM-based structural equation modelling approach.

Background: Adopting generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) in education rapidly transforms learning environments, yet nursing students' acceptance and anxiety toward these technologies remain underexplored in Middle Eastern contexts. This study extends the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) by incorporating constructs such as Facilitating Conditions (FC) and Social Influence (SI). It investigates the moderating role of Anxiety on Behavioral Intention to Use (BIU) generative AI tools.

Pharmacists' perspectives on integrating pharmacogenetics in clinical practice.

Introduction: The successful implementation of pharmacogenetics (PGx) in many developed countries has significantly enhanced personalized care and improved both clinical and financial outcomes. This study was designed to evaluate the current knowledge, prevailing attitudes, and perceived ability of pharmacists to actively participate in the integration of PGx into their practice settings.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among pharmacists in Yemen using convenience sampling.

Fractional-order modeling of tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus co-existence dynamics.

This paper proposes a fractional-order model using the Atangana-Baleanu-Caputo derivative to study the co-dynamics of tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus among susceptible (S), TB-infected (I), DM-infected (D), and co-existence (C) populations. The model's well-posedness is established via the Banach fixed-point theorem, ensuring the uniqueness and positivity of solutions. Basic reproduction numbers (R,R,R) are derived, with values exceeding unity indicating the instability of the disease-free equilibrium and progression toward endemicity.

Multifunctional nanophotonic photoacoustic biosensors: a new era in molecular imaging-guided deep-tissue cancer monitoring.

Monitoring cancer therapy is difficult because of restricted imaging depth, inadequate molecular specificity, and delayed response evaluation. Moreover, conventional imaging techniques fail to provide high-resolution, real-time views of the dynamic tumor microenvironment during therapy. Among emerging technologies, nanophotonic photoacoustic biosensors have gained prominence as multifunctional platforms that enable real-time, non-invasive imaging and dynamic monitoring of cancer therapy.

Evaluation of DADs among Different Angle's Classification of Malocclusion in a Group of Yemeni Population: A Prospective Study.

Background/aim: This study assesses gender differences in dental arch dimensions (DADs), namely arch width (AW), arch length (AL), and arch perimeter (AP) among different Angle's classifications of malocclusion in a group of Yemeni population.

Subjects And Methods: This prospective study was carried out on 120 pairs of dental casts from Yemeni males and females aged 13-30 years. The samples were divided into four groups based on Angle's classification as class I, class II divisions 1 and 2, and class III.

Professional growth in pharmacy: examining CPD awareness, motivators, and barriers among pharmacists.

Background: In the evolving landscape of pharmacy, the shift towards patient-centred care necessitates continuous professional development (CPD) for pharmacists. This study aims to assess the awareness, perception, motivators, and barriers to CPD implementation among pharmacists.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, utilising a structured questionnaire.

Work Addiction Among Critical Care Nurses: Exploring Its Impact on Creativity and Professional Quality of Life.

Background: Work addiction is characterized by a compulsive drive to work excessively, often leading to diminished job satisfaction and negatively impacting professional quality of life and creativity. Critical care nurses require a creative mindset to deal with the variety of obstacles encountered during their work. Creativity is essential for succeeding as a critical care nurse in today's competitive world.

Long COVID Symptoms and Five Dimensions of HRQoL: A Retrospective Regional Study of Patients Recovered from COVID-19 Infection in Saudi Arabia.

Background/aim: 10-20% of people infected with the coronavirus infection have long COVID symptoms, therefore, current research is the first regional assessment in Saudi Arabia to determine the relationship between long-term health complaints of COVID-19 survivors and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Methods: The study population comprised COVID-19 infection cases registered in the Ha'il region of Saudi Arabia from the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic until September 2022. A retrospective research design was employed, and 295 participants completed a self-report questionnaire to assess long COVID symptoms and the Arabic version of the European 5-Dimensional Quality of Life (EQ-5D).

Carbapenem De-escalation in urinary tract infections: prevalence and outcomes among hospitalized patients.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and outcomes of carbapenem de-escalation among hospitalized urinary tract infection (UTI) patients at Jordan University Hospital from January 2022 to March 2024.

Methods: This retrospective study included adult patients who received carbapenems as empirical therapy and underwent urine culture testing. Patients who were discharged before culture results (n = 31) were excluded.

Income-Based analysis of health security in Western Asia through an integrated GHSI, MCDM, and Clustering Model.

Objectives: Infectious diseases present significant challenges to global health security in contemporary, interconnected global environments. This study aimed to evaluate and compare health security performance in Western Asia (WA), with a focus on income group-based disparities and region-specific insights.

Methods: This study utilized the Global Health Security Index (GHSI) to assess health security across 17 WA countries categorized by income level.

The significant role of IL-15, IL-22, IL-37, and caspase 9 in polycystic ovary syndrome: A case-control study in a sample of Iraqi women.

The study aims to evaluate the significant role of interleukin 15 (IL-15), IL-22, IL-37, and Caspase 9 gene expression in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), focusing on the underlying mechanisms and potential diagnostic or therapeutic implications. Peripheral blood has been collected, and serum was separated for the evaluation of the serum IL-15, IL-22, and IL-37. The ELISA technique has been carried out to determine the serum levels of understudied factors mentioned above in Iraqi women patients diagnosed with PCOS (No.

Particle swarm optimization based analysis to unlocking the neutrino mass puzzle using [Formula: see text] flavor symmetry.

New research has highlighted a shortfall in the Standard Model (SM) because it predicts neutrinos to have zero mass. However, recent experiments on neutrino oscillation have revealed that the majority of neutrino parameters indeed indicate their significant mass. In response, scientists are increasingly incorporating discrete symmetries alongside continuous ones for the observed patterns of neutrino mixing.

New Insights into the Modifications and Bioactivities of Indole-3- Carboxaldehyde and its Derivatives as a Potential Scaffold for Drug Design: A Mini-Review.

Indole, a ubiquitous structural motif in bioactive compounds, has played a pivotal role in drug discovery. Among indole derivatives, indole-3-carboxaldehyde (I3A) has emerged as a particularly promising scaffold for the development of therapeutic agents. This review delves into the recent advancements in the chemical modification of I3A and its derivatives, highlighting their potential applications in various therapeutic areas.

Factors Influencing Nurses' Knowledge About Delirium in Acute Care Settings in Hail Region, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The factors influencing nurses' knowledge of delirium in acute care settings have not been fully investigated in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate these factors among nurses in acute care settings in the northern region of Saudi Arabia.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenience sample of 234 acute care nurses at the main public hospitals in the Hail region of Saudi Arabia.

The Submental Artery Island Flap for Reconstruction of Acquired Maxillary and Palatal Defects After Tumor Ablation: Reversed Flow Versus the Extended Antegrade Design.

Background: The submental artery island flap (SIF) is a valid option for palatal reconstruction. However, the main limitation for its application for palatal defects is the arc of rotation. A novel modification for tunneling of the antegrade design of SIF that allows a compliant easy reach to the defect is described.

Predictors to Poor Quality of Life Among Patients with Heart Failure and Its Correlation with Their Medication Adherence: Finding for Healthcare Improvement and Follow-Up.

Background: Understanding medication adherence and its relationship with quality of life (QoL) is essential for improving health outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF).

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the predictors of poor quality of life and its relationship with medication adherence among patients with heart failure.

Methods: A cross-sectional correlational study was performed on 229 patients with HF receiving care at the Cardiac Center of King Salman Specialist Hospital from March to June 2024.