Textbook Outcomes and Minimally Invasive Techniques in Resectable Gallbladder Cancer: A Global Cohort Study.

Introduction: Surgery for resectable gallbladder cancer (GbC) encompasses complex operative management, and evaluating surgical quality through textbook outcome (TO) is crucial. This study aimed to assess TO incidence and impact in a global cohort, identify independent predictors, and evaluate TO rates of minimally invasive (MI) techniques, including robotic (ROB) and laparoscopic (LPS).

Materials And Methods: This cohort study included patients undergoing curative-intent hepatectomy and lymphadenectomy for GbC (T1b-T3) from 2012 to 2023 in 41 hospitals.

Febuxostat-induced hepatocellular injury.

Febuxostat is a non-purine xanthine oxidase inhibitor primarily used to treat gout and hyperuricaemia. Although it has a better safety profile compared to allopurinol, febuxostat has been associated with rare cases of drug-induced liver injury. We present a case of a man in his late 50s who developed liver injury after switching from allopurinol to febuxostat for gout management.

Concurrent Surgical Management of Achalasia and Obesity: an MBSAQIP Analysis.

Background: The safety of concurrent Heller myotomy (HM) and metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) remains underexplored, with existing literature limited to case reports. This study evaluated 30-day postoperative outcomes of concurrent HM-MBS versus MBS alone.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of the 2020-2023 MBSAQIP database was conducted.

The Role of Physical Activity in Minimizing Recurrence of Weight Gain Following Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: Current Evidence and Suggestions for Advancing Future Research.

Purpose Of Review: Patients who undergo metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) are advised to increase physical activity (PA) to help minimize weight recurrence. This report reviews current evidence for this recommendation and offers suggestions for advancing future research.

Recent Findings: Most observational studies suggest a link between higher PA and lower weight recurrence, yet they often rely on cross-sectional designs, making it difficult to determine the direction of this relationship.

Dietary Trends in Crohn's Disease: A Comparison with Healthy Controls.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that significantly impacts patients' quality of life. Diet plays a critical role in modulating inflammation and disease activity, with high intake of added sugars, artificial sweeteners, and processed foods linked to worsened symptoms. Despite this, many CD patients continue to consume diets high in pro-inflammatory ingredients that may not align with clinical recommendations.

Disorders of gut-brain interaction in children: what is new.

Purpose Of Review: This review summarizes and expands upon studies published since late 2023 regarding predisposing factors, diagnostic measures, and both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic therapies in the management of pediatric disorder of gut-brain interactions (DGBIs). With up to 30% of children affected by DGBIs, recent advances in diagnostics, therapeutics, and psychosocial insights continue to improve their clinical outcomes.

Recent Findings: Recent literature underscores multifactorial contributors to DGBIs, including in utero SSRI exposure and adverse childhood experiences, as well as the potential benefit of gastric motility studies such as dual-phase gastric emptying and water load testing.

Histologic response is associated with improved esophageal distensibility and symptom burden in pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis.

Background And Aims: Chronic eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE)-associated inflammation can lead to progressive tissue remodeling and fibrostenosis. Longitudinal studies are limited, and the impact of histologic disease control during childhood remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between esophageal distensibility, histology, and fibrostenotic complications in a cohort of children with EoE.

Regional hyperconnectivity in the medial temporal lobes as a maladaptive mechanism for colorectal cancer-related cognitive decline.

Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world that affects both men and women. Approximately 40% of colorectal cancer patients exhibit cognitive impairment in executive functions including verbal learning, verbal memory, and information processing that is independent of chemotherapy. However, little information is currently available regarding the neural mechanisms underlying colorectal cancer-related cognitive decline (CRCD).

Genital Crohn's disease in pediatrics and genetic associations.

Genital edema is a rare presentation of Crohn's disease (CD), also known as metastatic CD (MCD). This may precede, co-occur with, or follow gastrointestinal symptoms and present a diagnostic challenge. We aimed to characterize the features, clinical courses, pathogenesis, and outcomes of patients with MCD to increase understanding and promote timely management.

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided celiac plexus block for painful chronic pancreatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided celiac plexus block (EUS-CPB) for treatment of pain in chronic pancreatitis (CP) is unclear. Therefore, we aimed to assess this outcome using a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central for evaluating the efficacy of EUS-CPB for pain in CP.

Addressing vaccination coverage among pediatric solid organ transplant candidates and recipients in the post-coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic period of increased vaccine hesitancy.

Pediatric solid organ transplant candidates and recipients remain undervaccinated and at higher risk of vaccine preventable illness (VPI) than the general population. An American Society of Transplantation Pediatric Community of Practice Controversies Conference was held in October 2023 to discuss opportunities to improve vaccine uptake and decrease rates of VPI in this population. Undervaccination results from failures at different levels.

The common cold is associated with protection from SARS-CoV-2 Infections.

Background: Adults and children often respond differently to SARS-CoV-2 infection, with adults facing a higher risk of symptomatic and severe illness. We hypothesize that children's protection from symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 may be due to more frequent respiratory viral infections, which prime their airway antiviral defenses.

Methods: Using case-cohort and case-control analyses in the Human Epidemiology and Response to SARS-CoV-2 cohort, we evaluated whether infection with common respiratory viruses protects against SARS-CoV-2 infections and investigated airway molecular mechanisms by which this protection is achieved.

Bridging the Gap: Evaluating Tools for Adherence to Dietary-Related Behavioral Recommendations After Metabolic Bariatric Surgery-A Scoping Review.

Background And Aims: Adherence to dietary-related behavioral recommendations following metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) is important for achieving optimal surgical outcomes, but standardized definitions and tools are lacking. This scoping review aimed to map existing tools for assessing adherence to dietary-related behavioral recommendations after MBS, evaluate their content and psychometric properties, and identify gaps to guide future research and tool development.

Methods: The review was registered on the Open Science Framework and followed PRISMA-ScR guidelines.

Positive Predictive Value of Tissue Transglutaminase IgA for Celiac Disease.

Background And Objectives: Recent changes in European diagnostic criteria allow for serologic diagnosis of celiac disease in children. Those guidelines have not been adopted in North America; hence, we aim to assess the positive predictive value (PPV) of tissue transglutaminase (tTG) immunoglobulin A (IgA) assays used in North America in identifying histologic findings of celiac disease.

Methods: Multicenter retrospective cohort study of children (<18 years) with an elevated tTG IgA within 6 months of an esophagogastroduodenoscopy between January 2016 and December 2021.

Phenotypic Divergence of JAG1- and NOTCH2-Associated Alagille Syndrome & Disease-Specific NOTCH2 Variant Classification Guidelines.

Background & Aims: Alagille syndrome (ALGS) is a rare, autosomal dominant disorder with high phenotypic heterogeneity. Disease-causing variants are primarily identified in Jagged1 (JAG1), with fewer reported in NOTCH2. JAG1 variants cause disease through a mechanism of haploinsufficiency, but the mechanism for NOTCH2 variants is not completely understood, making classification of variants more challenging.

Measuring the Risk of Gluten Exposure: Development of the Gluten Exposure Risk Assessment (GERA) in Pediatric Patients.

Introduction: Treatment of Celiac Disease (CeD) requires a strict gluten-free diet (GFD). Adherence is difficult to assess and influenced by many factors. Identification of potential gluten exposures is essential, but no validated screening measures exist in pediatrics.

Defining Global Benchmarks for Robotic Liver Resections: An International Multicenter Study.

Objective: This study aimed to establish global benchmark outcomes indicators for robotic liver resections (R-LR).

Background: In recent years, minimally invasive liver resections and in particular R-LR has seen an increase in uptake in recent years. Although, benchmark outcomes have been recently established for laparoscopic (L) -LR, this has not been established for R-LR.

Defining a Histologic Scoring System for Gestational Alloimmune Liver Disease.

Gestational alloimmune liver disease (GALD) is a leading cause of neonatal acute liver failure (ALF) with unique histologic features but no established histologic scoring criteria. This study aimed to develop an accurate histologic scoring system to distinguish GALD from non-GALD neonatal ALF. A preliminary system using 6 histologic features characteristic of GALD was created.

Management of the Disconnected Pancreatic Duct in Pancreatic Necrosis.

Disconnected pancreatic duct (DPD) and the associated syndrome are increasingly recognized as complications of severe pancreatitis. Despite the increased appreciation for this disorder and its treatment, there remain many questions regarding definition, diagnosis, and management. We utilized the expertise of the U.

International Association of Pancreatology Revised Guidelines on Acute Pancreatitis 2025: Supported and Endorsed by the American Pancreatic Association, European Pancreatic Club, Indian Pancreas Club, and Japan Pancreas Society.

Introduction: The International Association of Pancreatology, alongside the American Pancreatic Association, the European Pancreatic Club, the Indian Pancreas Club, and the Japan Pancreas Society, decided to update its earlier guidelines for the management of acute pancreatitis (AP) given the remarkable advances in our understanding of AP and its management over the last decade.

Methods: These organizations put together a group of international experts to address important issues related to the management of AP. Guideline Development Groups comprising international domain experts framed clinically relevant questions and conducted thorough literature searches and systematic reviews to address the questions.