Antithrombin-binding heparan sulfate is ubiquitously expressed in epithelial cells and suppresses pancreatic tumorigenesis.

3-O-sulfation of heparan sulfate (HS) is the key determinant for binding and activation of Antithrombin III (AT). This interaction is the basis of heparin treatment to prevent thrombotic events and excess coagulation. Antithrombin-binding HS (HSAT) is expressed in human tissues, but is thought to be expressed in the subendothelial space, mast cells, and follicular fluid.

Is fusion to the stable sagittal vertebra necessary to avoid distal junctional kyphosis in thoracic adolescent idiopathic scoliosis?

Study Design: This is a retrospective single-center study.

Purpose: The purpose is to investigate the incidence of distal junctional kyphosis (DJK) when fused proximal to the stable sagittal vertebra (SSV) in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients undergoing selective thoracic fusion.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed a consecutive cohort of surgically treated AIS patients with Lenke 1-2 A/B curves between 2011 and 2022 with a minimum of 2 years of follow-up.

Influence of wind direction on the relationship between proximity to pig farms and risk of infection with MRSA CC398 among persons without known contact to livestock: a Danish nationwide population-based study.

Background: Livestock-MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) can cause infections in persons without known contact to livestock, but the route of transmission is unclear. We investigated whether the risk of livestock-MRSA infection among persons with no known contact to livestock is associated with the number of pig farms near the home, and whether this association is affected by the upwind/downwind location of the farms.

Methods: Register-based case-control study of 518 persons from Denmark with clinical infections with livestock-MRSA in 2016-2021 and no known exposure to livestock, and 4,944 matched controls.

What is the preferred mesh placement in primary ventral hernia repair? An international survey of 442 surgeons.

Purpose: Primary ventral hernia repair is a common elective procedure; however, mesh placement practices vary widely, and there is limited evidence to guide optimal placement. This international study examined surgeons' preferences and considerations regarding mesh placement in elective primary ventral hernia repair.

Methods: We conducted an international cross-sectional survey targeting surgeons experienced in primary ventral hernia repair.

The cellular effect of intermittent PTH treatment on bone remodeling and modeling in humans-a histomorphometry centered scoping review.

Intermittent PTH treatment has been used as both an osteoanabolic treatment in osteoporosis and a hormone replacement in hypoparathyroidism for many years. This scoping review compiles and reinterprets studies using histomorphometry supported by bone turnover markers to investigate the elusive cellular effect of intermittent PTH treatment locally within the bone, while illuminating knowledge gaps. Intermittent PTH increases both osteoclast and osteoblast activity within the first 6 months of treatment.

Evaluating the role of alpha cell dysregulation in the progression to type 2 diabetes using mathematical simulations.

Aims/hypothesis: Alpha cell dysregulation is an integral part of type 2 diabetes pathophysiology, increasing fasting as well as postprandial glucose concentrations. Alpha cell dysregulation occurs in tandem with the development of insulin resistance and changes in beta cell function. Our aim was to investigate, using mathematical modelling, the role of alpha cell dysregulation in beta cell compensatory insulin secretion and subsequent failure in the progression from normoglycaemia to type 2 diabetes defined by ADA criteria.

Identifying rehabilitation needs as part of secondary prevention in individuals with Atrial Fibrillation - a Delphi consensus study.

Aim: This study aimed to establish general consensus on a systematic needs assessment model to determine eligibility for cardiac rehabilitation (CR) as part of secondary prevention in individuals with atrial fibrillation (AF). Specific objectives included identifying relevant needs assessment criteria and establishing consensus on referral criteria.

Methods: A Delphi study was conducted following the ACCORD guidelines (ACcurate COnsensus Reporting Document) with participation of an international, multi-disciplinary expert panel including physicians, nurses and other healthcare professionals, across primary and secondary care as well as academic research.

Outcomes of Left Atrial Appendage Patency After Device Closure Detected by Cardiac CT: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Residual leaks are common after left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO).

Objectives: The authors aimed to systematically evaluate the prognostic implications of residual left atrial appendage (LAA) patency and peridevice leaks (PDLs) detected by cardiac computed tomography (CT) following LAAO.

Methods: The authors used traditional meta-analytical methods and a Bayesian framework to assess the probability of increased risks associated with these residual leaks.

Preclinical Investigations Toward Gd-free Molecularly Targeted Dual-Modal, MRI Dynamic (DCE-MRI)/Optical Imaging Contrast Agent for Cardiac Angiosarcoma.

Aims: Cardiac tumors are aggressive and asymptomatic in early stages, causing late diagnosis and locoregional metastasis. Currently, the standard of care uses gadolinium-based contrast agents for MRI, and the associated hypersensitivity reactions are a significant concern, such as gadolinium deposition disease. In addition, the proximity of cardiac lesions closer to vital structures complicates surgical interventions.

Metabolic consequences and gut microbiome alterations in rats consuming pork or a plant-based meat analogue.

It is unknown how human health is affected by the current increased consumption of ultra-processed plant-based meat analogues (PBMA). In the present study, rats were fed an experimental diet based on pork or a commercial PBMA, matched for protein, fat, and carbohydrate content for three weeks. Rats on the PBMA diet exhibited metabolic changes indicative of lower protein digestibility and/or dietary amino acid imbalance, alongside increased mesenteric (+38%) and retroperitoneal (+20%) fat depositions despite lower food and energy intake.

Minimal Basis Iterative Stockholder Decomposition with Ellipsoidal Atoms.

The minimal basis iterative Stockholder (MBIS) decomposition of molecular electron densities into atomic contributions is extended from spherical to ellipsoidal atomic basins. Despite the more flexible parametrization, the derived atomic multipole moments do not systematically improve the reproduction of molecular multipole moments and electrostatic potentials relative to a decomposition into spherical atomic densities. The decomposition can be constrained to exactly reproduce molecular multipole moments, in the present work extended up to hexadecapole moments, and this slightly improves the ability to reproduce the electrostatic potential.

Aspects of Genetic Diversity, Host Specificity and Public Health Significance of Single-Celled Intestinal Parasites Commonly Observed in Humans and Mostly Referred to as 'Non-Pathogenic'.

Clinical microbiology involves the detection and differentiation of primarily bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi in patients with infections. Billions of people may be colonised by one or more species of common luminal intestinal parasitic protists (CLIPPs) that are often detected in clinical microbiology laboratories; still, our knowledge on these organisms' impact on global health is very limited. The genera Blastocystis, Dientamoeba, Entamoeba, Endolimax and Iodamoeba comprise CLIPPs species, the life cycles of which, as opposed to single-celled pathogenic intestinal parasites (e.

The use of injectable orthobiologics for knee osteoarthritis: A formal ESSKA-ORBIT consensus. Part 2-Cell-based therapy.

Purpose: This European Society of Sports Traumatology, Knee Surgery and Arthroscopy (ESSKA) formal consensus aims to provide evidence- and expert opinion-based recommendations for the use of point-of-care- and expanded-cell-based therapy (CBT) in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA), focusing on indications, preparation, and administration.

Methods: A multidisciplinary group of 77 leading experts in musculoskeletal regenerative medicine from 22 European Countries formed a steering group, a rating group, and a reader group. The steering group developed 23 questions, originating from 27 statements.

The AI and Automation in Anaesthesia (TRIPLE-A) Perioperative Database in Eastern Denmark 2017-: A Platform for Epidemiology, AI-Driven Prediction, Quality Control and Automated Data Retrieval.

Introduction: Electronic health records can be used to create high-quality databases if data are structured and well-registered, which is the case for most perioperative data in the Capital and Zealand Regions of Denmark. We present the purpose and development of the AI and Automation in Anaesthesia (TRIPLE-A) database-a platform designed for epidemiology, prediction, quality control, and automated research data collection.

Methods: Data collection from the electronic medical record (EPIC Systems Corporation, WI, USA) was approved by the Capital Region, Denmark, and ethical approval was waived.

Robust, Open-Source and Automation-Friendly DNA Extraction Protocol for Hologenomic Research.

Global efforts to standardise methodologies benefit greatly from open-source procedures that enable the generation of comparable data. Here, we present a modular, high-throughput nucleic acid extraction protocol standardised within the Earth Hologenome Initiative to generate both genomic and microbial metagenomic data from faecal samples of vertebrates. The procedure enables the purification of either RNA and DNA in separate fractions (DREX1) or as total nucleic acids (DREX2).

Temporal Summation of Repetitive Mechanical Stimulation in Patients with Painful Temporomandibular Joints and Healthy Controls.

Objective: The present study aimed to preliminarily explore the temporal summation (TS) response to repetitive mechanical stimulation in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD).

Patients And Methods: Twenty patients with unilateral pain in the TMJ and 20 gender- and age-matched healthy controls were included. A modified Quantitative Sensory Testing (QST) protocol was performed including pressure pain thresholds (PPT), mechanical pain thresholds (MPT), and numerical rating scale (NRS) scores of TS effects of 10 repeated 0.

Vortioxetine for Major Depressive Disorder in Children: 12-Week Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study.

Objective: To evaluate efficacy, safety, and tolerability of vortioxetine in children ages 7 to 11 years with major depressive disorder.

Method: Patients meeting criteria for incomplete improvement in depressive symptoms (Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised [CDRS-R] total score ≥40 plus <40% reduction and Parent Global Assessment Global Improvement score >2) after 4 weeks of single-blind lead-in treatment with a brief psychosocial intervention plus placebo were randomized 1:1:1:1 to 8-week double-blind treatment with brief psychosocial intervention and placebo, vortioxetine 10 mg/day, vortioxetine 20 mg/day, or fluoxetine 20 mg/day. Following preplanned interim analysis, enrollment to fluoxetine was stopped, and patients were randomized 1:1:1 to placebo, vortioxetine 10 mg, or vortioxetine 20 mg.

Next Generation Sequencing Improves Diagnostic 16S rRNA Amplicon-Based Microbiota Analyses of Clinical Samples Compared to Sanger Sequencing.

Sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene is an important tool in addition to conventional methods for the identification of bacterial pathogens in human infections. In polymicrobial samples, Sanger sequencing can produce uninterpretable chromatograms. This limitation can be overcome by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) of the 16S rRNA gene.

Seeking Common Ground: Shared Principles Between Psychiatry and Its Critics.

A distinctive feature of psychiatry is the presence of countermovements that critically question the validity of diagnostic systems and the value of psychoactive drugs. Polarized positions frequently involve mutual accusations of being unscientific, a claim that may obscure underlying assumptions and hinder meaningful dialogue. Advancing the field requires that fundamental conceptual disagreements be made visible, thereby laying the groundwork for more informed, less polarized dialogues that could ultimately minimize stigma and promote an inclusive constructive dialogue.

Divergent Changes in Peak Fat Oxidation and Fat Following 3-Day Dietary Interventions Are Related to Muscle Glycogen Availability in Men.

Dietary intake has an important influence on rates of fuel use during exercise, but the extent to which short-term diet changes affect peak fat oxidation (PFO) and the intensity at which this occurs (Fat) is unknown. This study examined the impact of diet-induced changes in substrate availability on PFO and Fat and the expression of key lipid-regulatory genes and proteins in skeletal muscle. Forty moderately to well-trained males (27 ± 5 years, V̇O 56.

Performance of Rapid Clonotyping of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Using Flongle Flow-Cell Nanopore Sequencing of IGH Rearrangements.

Background: Clonotyping of immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) gene rearrangements is critical for diagnosis, prognostication, and measurable residual disease monitoring in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Although short-read next-generation sequencing (NGS) platforms, such as Illumina MiSeq, are widely used, they face challenges in spanning full VDJ rearrangements. Long-read sequencing via Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) offers a potential alternative using the compact and cost-effective flow cells.

Violence and Restrictive Practices Reduced by Hospital Relocation.

Background: Ward design is increasingly recognized as influencing the treatment of psychiatric inpatients. However, evidence on how improved structural surroundings affect aggression and restrictive practices in forensic psychiatry is limited. To our knowledge, no studies have focused on the effect of improved treatment facilities on aggressive behavior and the prescription of restrictive practices among forensic psychiatric inpatients.

Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Responses and Clinical Outcomes in Critically Ill Patients With Endotheliopathy: A Cohort Study.

Background: Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in critical illness involves dysregulated immune and inflammatory responses, endotheliopathy, and coagulation activation. We investigated how three types of endotheliopathy biomarkers relate to pro- and anti-inflammatory responses and clinical outcomes in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.

Methods: In this secondary, explorative analysis of a prospective single-centre cohort (n = 459), we assessed associations between endotheliopathy biomarkers (syndecan-1, soluble thrombomodulin (sTM), platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1)) and inflammatory biomarkers (pro-inflammatory: IFN-ϒ, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12p70, TNF-α; anti-inflammatory: IL-4, IL-10, IL-13) at ICU admission using linear regression.