Understanding Verbal Violence Perpetration Among Intimate Partner Stalkers Using Police-Identified Psychological Distress and Drug Use.

Background: Stalkers' perpetration of verbal violence causes victims adverse mental health consequences, yet little research has examined this behaviour. Identifying correlates of verbal violence, as present in police data, could support the development of evidence-based practical strategies for police.

Aims: To understand the relationship between men's psychological distress or substance use, as identified by police, and their verbal violence against their female intimate partner stalking victims.

Scalability and scaling-up strategy of a physical activity policy intervention in Australian childcare centres.

There is an urgent need for scalable interventions to promote physical activity in early childhood. An early childhood education and care (ECEC) physical activity policy intervention with implementation support strategies (Play Active) has been proposed for scale-up in Australia. This study sought to assess the scalability of Play Active and describe the Play Active scaling-up strategy.

Adapting the Grog survey app for alcohol screening and feedback in aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health services: a mixed methods study protocol.

Background: Routine use of brief, structured screening tools is essential to detect and provide support for Australians who drink above recommended levels. However, detecting drinking above recommended levels in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australian primary care settings is complex. Inaccuracies in completing a screening tool such as Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test - Consumption, can lead to errors in estimating drinking in First Nations contexts where group sharing and episodic drinking make it difficult to accurately estimate alcohol consumption with tools that assume regular drinking patterns.

Spatial distribution and determinants of health care access barriers among female Pakistan youths: spatial and multilevel regression analysis.

Introduction: Ensuring universal access to high-quality healthcare services including services free from financial barriers, is a global priority. However, accessing healthcare services remains challenging for youth in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including Pakistan. This study investigates the spatial distribution and determinants of healthcare access barriers among female youths in Pakistan.

Asthenospheric flow and lithospheric erosion driving the outward growth of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau.

The northeastern (NE) Tibetan Plateau is extruding eastward at a rapid rate (∼15 mm a), but the role of the upper mantle in this process remains unclear. Early-Miocene primary melilitites from the leading edge of the extruding plateau provide critical insights into the upper mantle dynamics. Geochemical and Sr-Nd-Pb-Os isotopic data, supported by experimental melt comparisons, reveal that these melilitites originate from a hybrid source of CO-bearing mantle source, probably dominated by peridotite and pyroxenite/wehrlite lithologies.

Insights into the relationship between nasal bacterial composition and susceptibility to early-life respiratory disease: a pilot observational study.

Background: Early-life susceptibility to viral respiratory infections is associated with long-term respiratory morbidity in children. Currently, no reliable tools exist to predict susceptibility to these infections. Given its role in modulating pathogen virulence and airway inflammation, the endogenous microbiota represents a potential target for prevention.

Burrunan babble: acoustic characterization of the whistles and burst-pulse sounds of a critically endangered dolphin.

Understanding the vocal repertoire of delphinid species is essential for effective long-term studies. In this research, we present the first quantitative analysis of whistle and burst-pulse sound characteristics for the critically endangered Burrunan dolphin (). Acoustic data were collected from the two known resident populations in Port Phillip Bay (PPB) and the Gippsland Lakes (GL), Victoria, Australia, between 2016 and 2023.

ASSIST in Pitjantjatjara: Protocol for a randomised crossover validation study among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians.

Background: Substance use significantly contributes to disease burden among Australians, with harms exacerbated among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples by colonisation-related factors like stigma and trauma. Addressing this gap requires culturally acceptable, valid and reliable screening tools, available in a familiar language to the participant, to identify and provide support for those at-risk. This protocol describes a study aimed at validating a culturally-adapted screening tool - the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) - into Pitjantjatjara, to detect risk of substance-related harm.

Are mortality rates similar between jobs in the Queensland coal mine workers' cohort?

Background: Coal mine workers are exposed to many occupational hazards which may affect mortality including respirable coal mine dust, crystalline silica and diesel engine emissions. Several studies have shown decreased overall mortality, but studies did not define the jobs held, did not include women coal mine workers and lacked smoking data.

Methods: A cohort of coal mine workers, from Queensland, Australia, was linked to the national death registry.

EORTC QLU-C10D was similarly valid and sensitive as EQ-5D-5L but more responsive to cancer patients' health deterioration.

Objective: The psychometric performance of the Quality-of-Life Utility-Core 10 Dimensions (QLU-C10D), a recently developed disease-specific preference-based measure (PBM) for cancer patients, is not well understood yet. This study aimed to compare the construct validity, sensitivity, and responsiveness of QLU-C10D with that of EQ-5D-5L, a generic PBM.

Study Design And Setting: We recruited cancer patients from outpatient clinics of a tertiary cancer hospital then interviewed them face-to-face at two consecutive clinic visits using both QLU-C10D and EQ-5D-5L questionnaires.

Childhood experiences of domestic violence and its association with mental disorders and health risk behaviours.

Background: Despite increasing awareness and understanding of children's victimisation through experiences of domestic violence (EDV), little attention has been given to the associated health outcomes.

Aim: Examine associations between four different forms of childhood EDV (physical violence, threats of harm, property damage and intimidation or control) and four mental disorders and six health risk behaviours.

Method: Data were drawn from the Australian Child Maltreatment Study.

Determinants of short interpregnancy intervals in high-income countries: a systematic review.

Short interpregnancy intervals (IPIs) of <6-18 months are associated with adverse maternal and child outcomes. This study aimed to identify the individual, relationship, community, and societal factors that influence short IPIs in high-income countries. A comprehensive search was undertaken in CINAHL Plus, Ovid/EMBASE, Ovid/MEDLINE, Ovid/PsycINFO, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for articles published in English from 1st January 1990 to 26th October 2023.

Occupational exposure to welding fume in Australian workplaces.

This study aimed to provide information on exposure to welding fume in workplaces in Australia, and the use of control measures in these workplaces. Personal and static samples of welding fume particulates and gases were collected at 20 workplaces whilst welding was being undertaken. Study personnel also recorded observations of the workplace.

Genetic mapping of Ascochyta blight resistance in an ILL6002 × Indianhead lentil mapping population.

Ascochyta blight of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) is a fungal disease caused by Ascochyta lentis. This study was carried out to identify the location of quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with resistance from the accession Indianhead, and how these vary between the recently identified pathotypes of A.

Spatial prediction of canine visceral leishmaniasis in an endemic urban area of Brazil.

Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is a widespread zoonotic disease in Brazil. This study aimed to identify and predict spatial patterns of CVL in an endemic city, Votuporanga, and examine disease associations with key environmental and anthropogenic factors at a fine spatial scale. First, we estimated the spatial clustering of CVL cases relative to non-cases from 8,146 dogs.

Barriers to Accessing and Providing Primary Care Services for LGBTIQA+ Individuals Experiencing Intimate Partner Violence: A Scoping Review.

LGBTIQA+ individuals experience intimate partner violence (IPV) more frequently than non-LGBTIQA+ individuals but seek help at lower rates and frequently receive inadequate care from primary care providers. This scoping review identified barriers to accessing and providing primary care services for LGBTIQA+ people experiencing IPV. The review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews.

Impact of missed interventions on tissue injury outcomes identified via sub-epidermal moisture scanning.

Aim: Sub-epidermal moisture scanning is an emerging tool for the early detection of hospital-acquired pressure injuries. However, the impact of missed interventions following high SEM readings remains underexplored. This study examined the relationship between intervention compliance, missed interventions, and ΔSEM improvement in patients in an intensive care unit and a rehabilitation unit.

Unpaired unconditional stimuli during fear extinction at full and reduced intensity reduce re-acquisition.

Presenting unpaired unconditional stimuli (US) during extinction has been shown to reduce the contextual renewal of conditional fear and to slow re-acquisition. The present study investigated whether this reduced return of fear is also observed if the intensity of the US presented during extinction is lower than that presented during acquisition. Three groups of participants (N = 121) were trained in a differential fear conditioning procedure that employed habituation, acquisition, extinction, renewal test, and re-acquisition phases.

Rate, Mode, Reasons and Factors Associated With Re-Presentation in People Diagnosed With Musculoskeletal Conditions at a Single Emergency Department: A Cross-Sectional Exploratory Study.

Objective: To explore the rate, mode, and reasons for re-presentations for emergency department (ED) patients with musculoskeletal diagnoses and examine factors associated with increased odds of re-presentation.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional audit of re-presentation patterns for patients with musculoskeletal diagnoses presenting to the study ED in 2023. The study ED was in a secondary hospital in Perth, Western Australia, which operates a diversion pathway (daily, 10 am-6 pm) for patients with musculoskeletal diagnoses.

Efficient dye removal from aqueous solution using a hybrid GA@ZnO-AC nanocomposite.

Environmental damage caused by colored effluents poses a threat to the environment, as vast amounts of harmful water contamination are regularly discharged into water sources. The hybrid nanocomposite was successfully synthesized using hydrothermal and thermal treatment methods. A prepared hybrid nanostructure metal composite material, utilizing gallic acid (GA@ZnO-AC), was synthesized and employed for the treatment of methylene blue (MB) in an aqueous environment via adsorption.

Co-Design of a Weekly Meal Box for Neurological Conditions: Findings From Consumer and Healthcare Provider Collaborative Workshops.

Introduction: This study explores the collaborative co-design process for developing a weekly meal box tailored for individuals with neurological conditions. Recognising the critical role of nutrition for this community, the research addresses the challenges posed by cognitive and physical impairments in meal preparation.

Methods: Through two co-design workshops involving consumers, healthcare providers and industry experts, insights were gathered on dietary preferences, nutritional needs and practical challenges.

Coronary Artery Disease in People Living with HIV May Reflect Their Sensitivity to Inflammation Associated with Cytomegalovirus.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is implicated in cardiovascular disease in healthy adults and after transplantation, but analyses in people living with HIV (PLWH) are difficult as almost all have CMV co-infections. Here, we address whether coronary artery disease (CAD) is associated with levels of CMV-reactive antibodies or with sensitivity to inflammation associated with CMV. PLWH stable on antiretroviral therapy (ART) with a recent diagnosis of CAD were matched with PLWH without CAD.

Federated Security for Privacy Preservation of Healthcare Data in Edge-Cloud Environments.

Digital transformation in healthcare has introduced data privacy challenges, as hospitals struggle to protect patient information while adopting digital technologies such as AI, IoT, and cloud more rapidly than ever before. The adoption of powerful third-party Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) solutions for disease prediction has become a common practice. However, these solutions offer significant privacy risks when sensitive healthcare data are shared externally to a third-party server.

Performance Evaluation of ChaosFortress Lightweight Cryptographic Algorithm for Data Security in Water and Other Utility Management.

The Internet of Things (IoT) has become an integral part of today's smart and digitally connected world. IoT devices and technologies now connect almost every aspect of daily life, generating, storing, and analysing vast amounts of data. One important use of IoT is in utility management, where essential services such as water are supplied through IoT-enabled infrastructure to ensure fair, efficient, and sustainable delivery.

The Role of Psychological Factors in Young Adult Snacking: Exploring the Intention-Behaviour Gap.

: Unhealthy snacking, most commonly consisting of sweets, savoury snacks and sugar-sweetened beverages, is associated with various adverse health outcomes. As long-term eating behaviours are commonly established in young adulthood, it is imperative to understand young adults' dietary decision-making to encourage healthy eating. This study aimed to identify the factors of unhealthy snacking among young adults across the three main snack types.