Comparative evaluation of biochemical changes associated with green gram varieties against anthracnose disease.

Twenty-five varieties of green gram were evaluated under field conditions over three consecutive Kharif seasons (June-September) in 2019, 2020, and 2021 to determine their response to anthracnose disease. Varietal screening was done using the standard percent disease index (0-9) scale, revealing a mean percent disease index ranging from ≥3 to ≤66 percent (p < 0.05).

Adsorption of strobilurin fungicide Kresoxim methyl onto diverse Indian soils: kinetic and mechanistic modeling.

Background: Extensive use of Kresoxim methyl, its ability to bio-concentrate and its carcinogenic nature makes this strobilurin fungicide a prominent leaching contaminant contributing to ground water pollution. Understanding its sorption kinetics is essential for elucidating the sorption mechanisms occurring in soil and for predicting its transport across various kinds of soil. In the current study, adsorption kinetics of kresoxim methyl onto ten soil samples of different geographical regions (Shivalik hills, Bhabhar and Indo-Gangetic plains) were examined.

Assessing alpha lattice design for heat stress indices and yield stability in wheat genotypes.

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) faces increased susceptibility to terminal heat stress, a major yield-limiting factor, especially in subtropical regions. Despite India's anticipated record wheat production for 2024-25, high temperatures during the grain-filling stage threaten yield stability.

Recent advances in sustainable strategies for development of innovative nanobiocatalysts using immobilized β-glucosidase for industrial applications.

β-glucosidases are a well-characterized, diverse group of hydrolytic enzymes that act on various substrates. They are extensively used in different sectors, including: bioethanol, food, flavor, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries. Immobilization improves the operational stability, reusability and catalytic efficiency of β-glucosidase compared to the free enzyme.

Detection and Correlation of Virulence Determinants of Ampicillin Resistant Isolates of Typhimurium.

 Typhimurium is an important serovar causing non-typhoidal salmonellosis in humans. Poultry products are a common source of infection. In the present study, we used 46 isolates of  Typhimurium, which were isolated from poultry eggs.

Poultry Feed Enrichment Using Covalently Immobilized Partially Purified Alkaline Protease from Newly Isolated KTP9.

Proteases represent 60% of the enzyme market and around 66% of the proteases are derived from the microbial sources. In the present study, protease enzyme was produced from bacterial isolate KTP9 under submerged fermentation having 17.43 IU/mL activity and 3.

Biotic Stress Alleviation in Plant Using Rhizobacteria: An Overview of Mechanism of Action, Antimicrobial Compounds Production, (Nano) Formulations and Employment Methods.

The biotic stress induced by phytopathogens causes a significant loss to several crops in terms of yield and quality. Biotic stress may disrupt phenotypic characteristics and alter metabolic pathways in plants. Sustainable approaches like the employment of rhizobacteria control phytopathogens and diseases thereof through production of antimicrobial compounds and boosting plant defense systems.

Zinc-solubilizing bacterial consortia: a promising approach for zinc biofortification of crops.

The term "zinc-solubilizing bacteria" (ZSB) refers to a specific group of soil bacteria that are associated with zinc-solubilizing activity in the soil through a variety of mechanisms. The functional use of ZSB has been proposed for the zinc (Zn) biofortification of crops to address Zn malnutrition. The application of zinc-solubilizing bacterial inoculants that harbor significant plant probiotic traits offers an eco-friendly approach to producing crops with improved Zn content in various edible parts of plants.

Screening of Metabolites and Metabolic Pathways in Five Different Species From the Same Origin Using GC-MS.

This study presents the comparative and preliminary phytochemical analysis of essential oils extracted from 5 different species, including Linn, Sims, , Linn Linn. The gas chromatography coupled with single quadrupole mass spectrometry was employed for the screening of the different metabolites. The present study investigates a total number of 111 bioactive compounds which were identified across the five species, with exhibiting the highest diversity.

Bioprospecting the production of functional type II sourdough using novel yeast YB1: a step towards SDGs.

The present study was carried out with the objective of exploiting a yeast culture YB1, characterised as , to produce type II sourdough using all-purpose wheat flour. After optimisation using Face-centered Central Composite Design (FCCD), the fermentation parameters viz. inoculum size (%) and fermentation time (h) were found to be 11% (v/v) and 48 h, respectively, for minimum total sugars concentration and pH.

Bionanoclusters of chitosan, indole acetic acid and cobalt chloride enhance seed germination in upland cotton by modulating glyoxylate cycle enzymes and biochemical responses.

Seed priming is a quick and easy technique to boost seed germination, seedling development and plant growth. Among many exogenous agents, nanoparticles are one of the promising agents which enable the controlled delivery of multiple active agents simultaneously, improving efficiency and effectiveness. In the present investigation, bionanoclusters (BNCs) composed of cobalt (Co), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and chitosan were synthesized and employed as seed priming agents in cotton seeds to examine their effects on seed germination as well as associated phenotypic and biochemical changes.

Computational simulation guided prediction of the inhibitory effect of curcumin, diallyl sulfide and its conjugates on ALDH1A1 to target breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs).

. Despite the significant advancements in clinical and laboratory research, breast cancer remains a formidable challenge due to its high incidence, recurrence and mortality rate. The emerging paradigm emphasizes the pivotal role of cancer stem cells in compelling cancer initiation and recurrence attributed to the resistance against conventional radio and chemotherapy, thereby leading to poor prognosis and disease relapse post-treatment.

Technological and biofunctional potential of sea cucumber-derived macromolecular carbohydrates and proteins - A review.

The craving for biodegradable sea biopolymers is growing as a result of ecological concerns over the use of non-renewable resources. Sea biopolymers are becoming more popular as sustainable alternatives across multiple industry sectors, covering the food sector. Sea cucumbers are a peculiar and remarkable aquatic animal species that have been extensively studied for the presence of these sustainable biopolymers, proteins, and polysaccharides, for instance.

Artemisia annua L. essential oil-loaded chitosan nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, in-vitro release kinetics, and acetylcholinesterase inhibition as a mode of action against plant-parasitic nematodes.

This study aimed to develop Artemisia annua oil-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (AANPs) and evaluate their efficacy as bio-nematicide against M. incognita. The direct application of essential oils is limited by poor stability, volatility, and low water solubility.

Recent Developments in Extraction, Molecular Characterization, Bioactivity, and Application of Brewers Spent Grain Arabinoxylans.

Arabinoxylans (AXs) and their derived arabinoxylooligosaccharides (AXOS) are valuable functional biomolecules with promising applications in the food, brewing, and packaging industries. However, inconsistencies in extraction techniques, structural characterization, and industrial applicability remain key challenges. This review comprehensively examines various AX extraction methods from brewer's spent grain (BSG), including chemical, enzymatic, steam explosion, ultrasound-assisted, and microwave-assisted techniques, emphasizing their impact on molecular characteristics such as molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, and structural features.

Synergistic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass using co-immobilization of tri-enzymes on chitosan-magnetite nanoparticle beads.

This paper presents the co-immobilization of three enzymes-laccase, cellulase, and xylanase-on chitosan-magnetite nanoparticle beads, with process parameters optimized using response surface methodology on glutaraldehyde-activated chitosan-magnetite beads. The optimization achieved an impressive immobilization yield of 95.25%.

Synergistic Potential of Boenninghausenia albiflora (Hook.) Rchb. Ex Meisn. Essential Oil Blends Against Meloidogyne incognita and Spodoptera litura: A Natural Approach to Pest Management.

This study explored the chemical composition and synergistic interactions of essential oils (EOs) from Boenninghausenia albiflora collected from four locations (Boenninghausenia albiflora Harinagar EOs, BAHEO; Boenninghausenia albiflora Bhowali EOs, BABEO; Boenninghausenia albiflora Dunagiri EOs, BADEO and Boenninghausenia albiflora Munsyari EOs, BAMEO) in Uttarakhand, India, which focus on their pesticidal properties. To assess synergistic effects in pesticidal activities, EOs were combined in binary, ternary, and quaternary mixtures at equivalent ratios. The major compounds present in the EOs were identified.

and its unseen impact: re-evaluating zoonotic tuberculosis in animal and human populations.

Globally, the incidence and burden of zoonotic tuberculosis (zTB) in humans are underestimated. Earlier, it was considered that () was the sole etiology of zTB; however, novel zoonotic species of mycobacteria, namely, (), is also implicated and often neglected pathogen, which necessitates more attention. has been recently included under the members of the complex (MTBC), and it shares genetic similarities with other members of this complex.

Enhancing wheat β-glucan content through precision crossbreeding: development and evaluation of biofortified lines with improved nutritional and agronomic traits.

To address the urgent demand for biofortified wheat enriched with health-beneficial dietary fibres such as β-glucan, this study employed meticulous crossbreeding between established wheat cultivars and the β-glucan-rich wild relative accession "AK-3790". Within this context, a derivative line encompassing a pair of 7U chromosomes from , denoted as 63-2-13, was identified. The presence of the 7U chromosome in this line was confirmed through comprehensive molecular marker and genomic hybridization (GISH) analyses.

Species Diversity, Virulence Characteristics, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns in Village Freshwater Aquaculture Ponds in North India.

Background/objectives: Motile aeromonads are ubiquitous aquatic Gram-negative opportunistic pathogens with environmental, animal, aquatic, and human health implications.

Methods: Motile aeromonads were isolated from village pond water samples ( = 100) of the Hisar district of Haryana state in India. Selective isolation and enumeration were followed by biochemical and genotypic identification using B gene; evaluation of seven putative virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance studies and determination of extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) and AmpC beta lactamase (ACBL) enzyme-producing abilities took place.

Co-inoculation of Indigenous Pseudomonas sp. and Priestia sp. to Improve the Soil Health, Plant Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality Parameters of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.).

This study investigated the impact of co-inoculating Pseudomonas sp. and Priestia sp. on soil microbial activity, plant growth, yield, and fruit quality parameters in tomato.

Phytochemical Insights and Acetylcholinesterase-Targeted Nematicidal Activity of Digitalis purpurea L. Extracts in Biological Control of Meloidogyne incognita.

Digitalis purpurea L. is traditionally valued for its cardiac glycosides, but its pesticidal properties remain underexplored. This study evaluated its nematicidal efficacy against Meloidogyne incognita, focusing on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition as a potential mechanism.

Optimisation and utilization of deep eutectic solvents for the green extraction of anticancer alkaloids from .

The extraction of vinca alkaloids, such as vinblastine and vincristine, has traditionally been a challenge due to their low concentrations in natural sources and lengthy, low-yielding procedures. In this study, we explored a high-yield, efficient method for extracting vinblastine and vincristine from using deep eutectic solvents (DES). We prepared various choline chloride (ChCl) based DESs with different hydrogen bond donors (HBD) and used them to extract leaves and flowers of under ultrasonication.

Assessment of antibacterial, nematicidal and herbicidal activities of Cautleya spicata (Sm.) Baker extracts, with chemical profiling using GC-MS.

The pesticidal activity of the rhizome and aerial parts of Cautleya spicata (Sm.) Baker was investigated, revealing significant findings. The GC-MS analysis revealed significant compositional variability among the extracts.

Bioactive flavonoids from Leucosceptrum canum with nematicidal efficacy and mechanistic insights through acetylcholinesterase inhibition and docking study.

Leucosceptrum canum, a rare Himalayan plant, shows significant bioactive properties, with its nematicidal potential investigated here for the first time. This study isolated and characterized flavonoids from L. canum, assessing their efficacy against the plant-parasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita.