Post-recurrence Survival After Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: Mortality after liver transplantation (LT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is mainly driven by HCC recurrence. We sought to determine whether post-recurrence survival (PRS) has improved during the last 2 decades.

Methods: Using the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, we included all patients who underwent LT for HCC between 2003 and 2020 and experienced HCC recurrence.

Astragaloside IV Binds with RhoA, Inhibits EndMT and Ameliorates Myocardial Fibrosis in Mice.

Astragaloside IV (ASIV), the main active component of the traditional Chinese medicine HuangQi, exhibits ameliorating effects on myocardial fibrosis through unclear mechanisms. To investigate the effects of ASIV on Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in myocardial fibrosis, 10 ng/mL TGF-β1 was used to induce EndMT in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and a 5 mg/kg/d subcutaneous injection of Isoproterenol (ISO) was used to induce myocardial fibrosis in mice . The drug affinity-responsive target stability (DARTS) was used to identify the target proteins of ASIV in endothelial cells.

The Impact of Family-Centered Care on Oral Health for Children With Special Health Care Needs.

Aim: To examine the association of family-centered care (FCC) with oral health indicators among children with special health care needs (CSHCN).

Methods: Data includes the CSHCN population from the 2017 to 2019 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH). Four parent- and caregiver-reported binary oral health outcomes were assessed: preventive dental visits (PDVs), cavities, condition of teeth, and oral health problems.

Cuticular hydrocarbons as pupal age markers of two species of blowflies Chrysomya (Diptera: Calliphoridae): Implications for estimating the postmortem interval.

Blowflies are important to estimate the postmortem interval (PMI), since they are the first to interact with the carcass. However, depending on the decomposition stage, only pupae can be found. A method that has currently been suggested is the use of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) in forensically important fly species to aid in estimating PMI; however, studies from the pupal stage are rare.

GADD45A is Essential for Granulosa Cells Differentiation and Ovarian Reserve in Human and Mice.

Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) poses significant challenges in reproductive health, with emerging evidence implicating DNA damage repair pathways. While GADD45A is a critical regulator of DNA repair, cell cycle and apoptosis, its role in DOR pathogenesis remains unexplored. We employed transcriptome sequencing, qPCR and Western Blot analyses to compare GADD45A expression in granulosa cells (GCs) between DOR patients and controls.

Multiple Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantations in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Prognostic Significance of Remission and Severe Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome.

Background: Relapsed or refractory cases of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have poor outcomes despite advancements in chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). While a second HSCT is often a salvage option, its outcomes vary widely, and prognostic factors remain unclear.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate outcomes and identify prognostic factors in pediatric patients with AML who underwent multiple HSCTs.

Anatomy at the threshold: Teaching the human body in a hybrid age.

As emerging technologies reshape both the body and how we represent it, anatomical education stands at a threshold. Virtual dissection tools, AI-generated images, and immersive platforms are redefining how students learn anatomy, while real-world bodies are becoming hybridized through implants, neural interfaces, and bioengineered components. This Viewpoint explores what it means to teach human anatomy when the body is no longer entirely natural, and the image is no longer entirely real.

Hyperreflective, Pyramidal-Like Lesions of the Outer Retina and Retinal Pigmented Epithelium in Non-Syphilitic Uveitis: A Case Series.

Purpose: To report pyramidal-like, hyperreflective changes of the outer retina and retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) in three patients with an atypical non-syphilitic outer retinopathy.

Study Design/materials And Methods: Single institutional case series conducted at the National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health.

Results: Hyperreflective, pyramidal lesions of the outer retina and RPE have been described in patients with syphilitic posterior segment uveitis.

Moyamoya Syndrome in Patients With Down Syndrome and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Moyamoya syndrome (MMS) is a chronic vasculopathy characterized by progressive stenosis of intracerebral arteries, leading to an increased risk of stroke. Children with Down syndrome (DS) are at an increased risk of co-occurring medical conditions, including MMS and leukemia. We report four patients with the triad of DS, MMS, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Impact of Childhood Neighborhood Deprivation on White Matter and Functional Connectivity During Adolescence.

Background And Purpose: Socioeconomic determinants of health impact childhood development and adult health outcomes. One key aspect is the physical environment and neighborhood where children live and grow. Emerging evidence suggests that neighborhood deprivation, often measured by the Area Deprivation Index (ADI), may influence neurodevelopment, but longitudinal and multimodal neuroimaging analyses remain limited.

Tumor-Specific Critical Intraoperative Findings Influence Multidisciplinary Therapy.

Background: Local control strategies in pediatric oncology are guided by disease-specific considerations. Effective communication of the goals of surgical procedure and associated intraoperative events plays a crucial role in shaping subsequent treatment decisions. However, accurately and comprehensively documenting these findings remains challenging, with considerable variability across different tumor types.

Predicting venous thromboembolism among hospitalized adults: a protocol for development and validation of an implementable real-time prognostic model.

Background: Hospital-acquired venous thromboembolism (HA-VTE) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among hospitalized adults. Numerous prognostic models have been developed to identify those patients with elevated risk of HA-VTE. None, however, has met the necessary criteria to guide clinical decision-making.

Analysis of peripheral blood antigens and their clinical value in oral lichen planus.

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown aetiology, which is an oral potentially malignant disorder. Many investigators suggest that OLP may be a localized autoimmune response caused by cell-mediated autoimmunity to basal cells. However, it remains unclear whether allergens play a role in the pathogenesis of OLP.

Tirzepatide for the Maintenance of Body Weight Reduction: Rationale, Design, and Baseline Characteristics of SURMOUNT-MAINTAIN.

Objective: SURMOUNT-MAINTAIN aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of reducing the tirzepatide dose and/or continuing the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) versus placebo in maintaining body weight (BW) reduction achieved with tirzepatide MTD.

Methods: This Phase 3b, multicenter, randomized, parallel-arm, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, 52-week clinical trial is in progress comparing treatment with once weekly tirzepatide (5 mg and/or MTD of 15 mg or 10 mg) versus placebo in achieving BW reduction maintenance from the initial 60-week open-label weight-loss period on tirzepatide MTD, in adults with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m or ≥ 27 kg/m with ≥ 1 obesity-related comorbidity, excluding type 2 diabetes). The primary endpoint is percent maintenance of BW reduction achieved during the weight-loss period at Week 112 among those who reached a BW plateau (i.

Attitudes and perceptions of biomedical journal editors in chief towards the use of artificial intelligence chatbots in the scholarly publishing process: a cross-sectional survey.

Background: Artificial intelligence chatbots (AICs) are designed to mimic human conversations through text or speech, offering both opportunities and challenges in scholarly publishing. While journal policies of AICs are becoming more defined, there is still a limited understanding of how Editors in chief (EiCs) of biomedical journals' view these tools. This survey examined EiCs' attitudes and perceptions, highlighting positive aspects, such as language and grammar support, and concerns regarding setup time, training requirements, and ethical considerations towards the use of AICs in the scholarly publishing process.

DHX37 variants in patients with 46,XY disorders or differences of sex development.

Here, using whole-exome sequencing of a cohort of 17 Japanese patients with 46,XY disorders or differences of sex development, we identified two pathogenic DEAH-box helicase 37 (DHX37) variants in three patients. We also identified a patient with a likely pathogenic variant in SOX9 and a rare likely benign variant in DHX37. This Data Report highlights the genetic and phenotypic diversity of DXH37 variants.

Clinical and social determinants of survivorship clinic attendance in head and neck cancer.

Purpose: Despite its importance, little is known about the patterns and predictors of Survivorship Clinic attendance in head and neck cancer (HNC). We sought to determine the cumulative incidence of Survivorship Clinic attendance stratified by demographic, clinical, and socioeconomic factors, and to identify factors independently associated with attendance.

Methods: Our analysis population consisted of 2,252 patients diagnosed with primary HNC and seen at our institution's HNC Survivorship Clinic after completing treatment from 2016-2021.

Fatty acid synthase in high and low lipid-producing strains of Mucor circinelloides: identification, phylogenetic analysis, and expression profiling during growth and lipid accumulation.

Fatty acid synthase (FAS) is one of the most important enzymes in lipid biosynthesis, which can catalyze the reaction of acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA to produce fatty acids. However, the structure, function, and molecular mechanism of FAS regulating lipid synthesis in the fungus Mucor circinelloides are unclear. In the present study, two encoding fas genes in the high lipid-producing strain WJ11 and low lipid-producing strain CBS277.

Ongoing pregnancy rate is associated with trigger-day progesterone level in letrozole/clomiphene intrauterine insemination cycles.

Purpose: Prior studies in fresh embryo transfer IVF cycles have associated elevated serum progesterone level on day of ovulatory trigger, particularly if ≥ 1.5 ng/ml, with decreased pregnancy rates. A similar association has been found in intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles using gonadotropins for ovulation induction.

Hemoglobin levels and frailty status in generally healthy and active community-dwelling adults age 70 years and older in the three-year DO-HEALTH study.

While frailty and anemia are prevalent conditions in aging linked to adverse outcomes, their relationship remains understudied in generally healthy older adults. We conducted a post-hoc observational study among all participants of DO-HEALTH, the largest European clinical trial designed to support healthy aging. Our analysis examined whether baseline hemoglobin levels and anemia are associated with being at least pre-frail at baseline and any yearly follow-up time point over three years.

Turn-on type fluorescent photochromism of a diarylmaleimide-S,S,S',S'-tetraoxide.

In recent years, fluorescence-switchable molecules have garnered significant attention as fluorescent dyes for super-resolution fluorescence microscopy, which is increasingly demanded in the field of biochemical imaging. Among such molecules, diarylethene-S,S,S',S'-tetraoxide derivatives have proven particularly promising due to their ability to achieve high contrast fluorescence switching. Diarylethenes incorporating perfluorocyclopentene as the ethene bridge have become the standard scaffold due to their excellent fatigue resistance and thermal stability.