Characterization of fatty acid biosynthesis in microalga Scenedesmus - from the perspective of biofuel production.

Scenedesmus quadricauda, a freshwater microalga, has gained attention for its high lipid accumulation potential. However, information on fatty acid (FA) biosynthesis pathways in Scenedesmus species remains limited. Biomass (1.

Appraisal of the potent microbial consortium for modulation of cell wall chemistry in rice: A symphony of cross-kingdom interactions for arsenic bioremediation.

Arsenic (As) contamination poses an escalating challenge worldwide. Detoxification through reduction, oxidation, efflux, and thiol complexation is likely to play a key role in its management. Rhizospheric microbes and their combination with different traits of As biotransformation and plant growth promotion are known to play a vital role.

Genome-wide identification and abiotic stress responses of gene family in primitive liverwort: .

Unlabelled: Glutathione S-transferase (GST), a glutathione dependent enzyme with multifunctional activity plays crucial role in plants ability to withstand stresses both biotic and abiotic. Present study involves Glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene family identification and analysis in a model bryophyte species . Study reveals a total of 37 GST proteins using sequence similarity searches and further validated through hidden Markov model (HMM).

Active transplantation study of nickel uptake by (Sw.) Nyl.: prospection for atmospheric nickel biomonitoring.

The prevalence of nickel pollution is anticipated to rise due to the advent of novel low-carbon technologies and electric vehicles. Biomonitoring, which is increasingly overlooked in favour of technology-driven methods, remains a cost-effective approach and enables the monitoring of extensive spatial areas. In the present study, (), a symbiotic lichen, was examined for the first time for its capacity to uptake sprayed nickel (Ni) and the subsequent effects on its physicochemical parameters.

SlERF.B1 controls fruit maturity and the transition to ripening by regulating the auxin-ethylene cross-talk through SlIAA2 and SlARF9A in tomato.

The onset of fruit ripening is a tightly regulated process under complex hormonal control. Although ethylene is essential for promotion of climacteric fruit ripening, its action is dependent on hormones like ABA (a promoter of ripening) and auxin (a ripening inhibitor). SlERF.

Indian Himalayan Arabidopsis thaliana population reflects deep history and might be the source of species expansion in the eastern edge.

Deciphering the origin, demography and adaptation strategies of species are important goals of biologists. In this context, the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana has been studied in details using regional and large scale global collections. However, these studies did not include Indian Himalayan populations.

Metabolic and Proteomic Shifts in Induced by Cell-Free Extract.

(MP), a fungal phytopathogen, causes charcoal rot disease in soybean. This pathogen's ability to form microsclerotia makes it difficult to control and thus poses a major threat to soybean production. The present study focuses on effective charcoal rot disease management using M-4, exhibits strong biocontrol potential against .

ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 and miR156d orchestrate axillary meristem maturation and AHL15-mediated plant longevity.

Plant development in Arabidopsis thaliana transitions through various stages influenced by environmental cues and internal processes. ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5), a critical light-signaling transcription factor, plays a key role in plant development; however, its function in flowering and vegetative phase change (VPC) remains unclear. Our study reveals that HY5 directly regulates the expression of microRNA156d (miR156d) by binding to G-box-like motifs in the miR156d promoter.

Evaluation of invivo anti-lithiatic activity of polyherbal formulation in ameliorating calcium oxalate kidney stones and integrated invitro-insilico studies.

The present study validates invivo anti-lithiatic activity of a polyherbal formulation (URO-5) on calcium oxalate (CaOx) stones. The effect of URO-5 on CaOx crystallization was tested invitro and Insilico molecular docking was conducted to explore the mechanism of action. Invitro studies showed that URO-5 drastically reduces the number of CaOx crystals and facilitate the efflux due to alteration in their morphology.

Elevated CO modulates miRNA expression level differentially in Arabidopsis thaliana populations originated at different elevations of Indian West Himalayas.

Plants response towards increasing atmospheric [CO] have predominantly been investigated in great details in context to morpho-physiology and gene regulation. While miRNAs are known to play critical roles in stress responses, the impact of elevated CO₂ on miRNA regulation especially in plant populations evolved under different climatic conditions remains unexplored. Plant populations evolved at different climatic conditions may respond differently towards specific stress.

Whole genome sequencing and functional annotation of f. sp. to unravel virulence and secondary metabolite biosynthesis gene clusters.

Background: f. sp. is a major fungal pathogen that causes vascular wilt in lentil crops, leading to significant reductions in yield.

Carbon-based electrodes for photo-bio-electrocatalytic microbial fuel and electrolysis cells: advances and perspectives.

The growing demand for sustainable energy and effective wastewater treatment has propelled the advancement of bio-electrochemical systems (BESs), particularly microbial fuel cells (MFCs) and microbial electrolysis cells (MECs). These systems integrate bioelectricity generation with organic and inorganic pollutant degradation, offering a sustainable solution for environmental remediation. However, challenges such as high overpotential, reliance on noble metal electrodes, and inconsistent performance have necessitated innovative improvements.

Climate related coastal disparity in mangrove resilience in India: ensemble species distribution modelling calls for adaptive conservation.

Mangrove ecosystems are increasingly threatened by climate change and human activities. This study investigates coastal disparities in mangrove habitat suitability and projected species richness along the east and west coasts of India under baseline conditions and future climate scenarios using an ensemble species distribution modelling approach. Eight algorithms were employed to project the distribution of 20 mangrove species under a single baseline scenario and two future climate scenarios (SSP1-2.

PgF3H gene enhances drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis by regulating flavonoid biosynthesis and stress response.

Water stress stimulates plants to regulate flavonoid biosynthesis. Overexpression of the PgF3H gene increases flavonoid levels and drought tolerance in Arabidopsis, with stress-responsive elements in the PgF3H promoter indicating its role in drought response. Water stress significantly impairs plant growth and yield, but plants combat this through various strategies, including flavonoid biosynthesis regulation.

Telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) for functional genomics and accelerated genetic improvement.

Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.), a member of the Linaceae family, is a versatile crop valued for its oil, fibre, nutritional and medicinal applications. Recognized as a superfood, linseed is rich in omega-3 fatty acid (~55%), lignans, high-quality proteins, dietary fibre and bioactive secondary metabolites.

Endophytic bacterial's phenylalanine and trans-cinnamic acid as exogenous precursors involved in the modulating colchicine biosynthesis pathway in Gloriosa superba.

Unlocking the hidden power of endophytes reveals a novel pathway for boosting colchicine biosynthesis in Gloriosa superba. Metabolite analysis of endophyte culture filtrates identifies essential precursors i.e.

Identification of Potential RNAi Targets for Cotton Mealybug (Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley) Management.

Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), commonly known as the cotton mealybug, is a highly invasive pest worldwide, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Despite posing a significant economic threat to various agricultural crops, a promising, environmentally friendly control strategy against this pest is lacking. Furthermore, the molecular aspects of this insect pest remain understudied.

Transport channels enabling uptake, translocation and detoxification of arsenic in plants.

Arsenic (As), a toxic metalloid and global environmental contaminant, poses serious threats to living organisms through groundwater and dietary exposure. Both acute and chronic exposures of As result in severe physiological and biochemical disturbances in organisms. In plants, As uptake occurs through transporters for essential metal ions, which often lack selectivity due to structural similarities between As species and essential ions.

A Methodological Approach to Facilitate Abscission Zone Isolation and Gene Regulation Studies of Rose.

Isolation of petal abscission zones (AZs) for molecular and biochemical studies is challenging due to their small size and the difficulty in separating them cleanly from surrounding non-AZ tissues, followed by the rapid exposure of the excised tissue to wound and dehydration stresses, post-excision. Immediate freezing of all the excised tissue is essential but practically difficult. In this chapter, we present a refined protocol for isolating petal AZ tissues from rose petals by optimizing the dissection process to minimize contamination with non-AZ cells coupled with immediate freezing to prevent stress-induced artifacts.

miR858a-encoded peptide, miPEP858a, interacts with the miR858a promoter and requires the C-terminus for associated functions.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression and typically processed from primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs). Recent discoveries highlight that certain pri-miRNAs also encode miRNA-encoded peptides (miPEPs), which influence miRNA function. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying miPEP activity, including the specific domains or essential amino acid residues required for their function, remain largely unexplored.

Developing in-vitro cultivation techniques for Psoralea corylifolia and optimizing seed germination methods to investigate the impact of elicitors on seedling growth.

Current study described an efficient direct and indirect plantlet regeneration using nodal and leaf explants. The use of BAP alone promoted direct regeneration from nodal as well as leaf explants. Together with kinetin and IAA, BAP resulted in 5-7 regenerated shoots.

MIR408-encoded peptide, miPEP408, regulates cadmium stress response through sulfur assimilation pathway.

Small peptides encoded by pri-miRNAs (miPEPs), have been identified as significant plant growth and development regulators. However, their roles in plant-environment interactions and heavy metal stress response remain largely unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that Arabidopsis MIR408-encoded peptide (miPEP408) plays a significant role in cadmium (Cd) stress response by modulating the sulfur assimilation pathway.

In-vitro assessment and characterization of anticancer, antibacterial, and antioxidant activity of diatom-derived metabolites.

Microalgae are known to produce a spectrum of highly valuable metabolites with substantial nutritional content and pharmacogenetic properties. To explore the antioxidant, antibacterial, as well as anticancer activity of five such microalgal strains isolated from the Indian subcontinent, solvent-based extracts were prepared using methanol:chloroform (S1, v/v) and ethyl acetate (S2). The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays revealed maximum inhibition (65.

The Role of Synovitis and Latent Transcription Factors in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Background: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease that affects synovial membranes, leading to relentless progressive joint damage. This pathological process is regulated by transcription factors, such as NF-κB, STAT3, TGF-β, WNT, p38 MAPK, mTOR, AP-1, TLR-4, SOCS-4, YY-1, IRF, and FGF-20, which enhance the production of matrix-degrading enzymes and proinflammatory cytokines. Dysregulation of these transcription factors amplifies inflammation and accelerates joint damage, making them potential therapeutic targets.

Neuroprotective effects of Centella asiatica against LPS/amyloid beta-induced neurodegeneration through inhibition of neuroinflammation.

Protein aggregation and microglia-mediated neuroinflammation are the major contributors to the progression of neurodegeneration. Currently, available drugs for neurodegenerative diseases have limited efficacy and are associated with several side effects; suggesting a need to discover novel therapeutic agents. Therefore, we aim to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of C.