98%
921
2 minutes
20
In order to improve the performances of 4 two-input NAND so that it can be better used in the aerospace application field and in harsh environments, 4 two-input NAND gate chips were designed and successfully fabricated in this paper, based on 1.2 [Formula: see text]m P-well SPDM CMOS technological processes. The N transistors were fabricated in P-well and connected to GND via [Formula: see text]-well. The metal wires of [Formula: see text] use [Formula: see text] substrate to contact [Formula: see text], to increase its anti-locking capability. An ESD protection circuit was designed at the input terminals, prohibiting the terminal of IC chip from being damaged by ESD stress. The performance of the device is superior to that of other similar products in the world.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12340108 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-14874-4 | DOI Listing |
Pestic Biochem Physiol
November 2025
National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Tai'an 271018, PR China. Electronic address: wj
Difenoconazole (DFC) is a commonly used triazole fungicide known for its high efficiency and environmental persistence. A thorough understanding of its environmental behavior, particularly sorption in soil, is critical to obtain a comprehensive assessment of the ecological risk of DFC. In this study, three soils with distinct physicochemical properties (brown soil, cinnamon soil, and fluvo-aquic soil) were used to elucidate the adsorption mechanisms of DFC on soil.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWater Res
September 2025
Department of Civil and Architecture, School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-06, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan. Electronic address:
Ammonia (NH), a naturally occurring disinfectant in wastewater, plays an important role in inactivating pathogens, including viruses. Despite its importance in non-sewered sanitation systems, the inactivation rate constant attributed solely to ammonia ( [Formula: see text] ) remains unclear, owing to the diverse range of disinfection conditions in existing studies. Determining [Formula: see text] is critical for quantifying the contribution of ammonia to viral inactivation and distinguishing it from other environmental factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
September 2025
The Rowland Institute at Harvard, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy has revolutionized structural biology and materials science. To image below liquid nitrogen temperatures, various liquid helium stages have been constructed but have proven to be complex and unstable, making high-resolution imaging challenging. This problem is even more pronounced in side-entry specimen holders common on modern transmission electron microscopes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
September 2025
School of Applied Economics, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang, China.
This study aims to improve the market efficiency of intellectual property pledge financing, based on the perspective of willingness to perform of technology-based SMEs, this paper defined the end-of-period value conversion coefficient of pledged property (EVCC) to measure the comparative relationship between the end-of-period value of the pledged intellectual property and the sum of principal and interest of the loan and introduced it into the game payment matrix; using evolutionary game theory, based on the assumption of bounded rationality, an evolutionary game model of intellectual property pledge financing between technology-based SMEs and banks based on the EVCC was constructed, and a numerical simulation was then conducted. The results of asymptotic stability analysis showed that when a certain condition is met, the strategy combination (performance, loan) is the evolutionary stability strategy (ESS). The numerical simulation showed that the EVCC has a positive impact on the speed of technology-based SMEs choosing the performance strategy, and there is a positive threshold effect (The threshold is 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiscov Nano
September 2025
School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) by 2D semiconductors relies on chemical (CM) enhancement driven by charge-transfer (CT) processes in bandgap alignment between molecules and substrates. Unfortunately, the low light absorption and weak conferment in the atomic-layer material limit the enhancement factor of Raman intensity (EFRI). Improving the utilization efficiency of excitation light is therefore essential for promoting SERS performance of 2D semiconductors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF