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The stability of internal reference genes is of great significance for the study of gene functions, and the development and screening of stable internal reference genes is the key to gene function analysis. Real-time reverse transcription quantitative PCR (qPCR) is an important tool to measure gene expression levels. Selection of stable reference genes for data normalization is a prerequisite. To date, the lack of studies on validation of reference genes in Ribes odoratum limits application of qPCR in Ribes odoratum. In this study, Through drought stress treatments and transcriptome analysis of Ribes odoratum, this study identified multiple genes with stable expression under drought stress. The expression stability of 17 candidate reference genes under drought stress was evaluated using the Genorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, and Delta Ct algorithms. The results showed that Cluster-37.22228, Cluster-37.22646 and Cluster-37.22897 were the top three stable reference genes, and the best reference genes that could be used as internal controls in Ribes odoratum was Cluster-37.22228 and Cluster-37.22646. These results provided for the first time a comprehensive list of stable reference genes for the normalization of qPCR analyses in Ribes odoratum under drought stress and will benefit the in-depth molecular biology research in the future.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-12051-1 | DOI Listing |
NPJ Antimicrob Resist
September 2025
Antimicrobial Resistance & Microbiome Research Group, Department of Biology, The Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co, Kildare, Ireland.
Plasmids facilitate antimicrobial resistance (AMR) gene spread via horizontal gene transfer, yet the mobility of genes in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) resistomes remains unclear. We sequenced 173 circularised plasmids transferred from WWTP effluent into Escherichia coli and characterised their genetic content. Multiple multidrug-resistant plasmids were identified, with a significant number of mega-plasmids (>100 kb).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Food Microbiol
September 2025
College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Logistics Preservation and Nutritional Quality Control, Southwest University, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715
Postharvest softening of Agaricus bisporus (A. bisporus) is a major factor in its quality deterioration. However, the physiological changes involved in softening of A.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioinformatics
September 2025
Department of Mathematical Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, TX United States.
Motivation: The advent of next-generation sequencing-based spatially resolved transcriptomics (SRT) techniques has reshaped genomic studies by enabling high-throughput gene expression profiling while preserving spatial and morphological context. Understanding gene functions and interactions in different spatial domains is crucial, as it can enhance our comprehension of biological mechanisms, such as cancer-immune interactions and cell differentiation in various regions. It is necessary to cluster tissue regions into distinct spatial domains and identify discriminating genes that elucidate the clustering result, referred to as spatial domain-specific discriminating genes (DGs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Microbiol Biotechnol
September 2025
School of Plant Sciences, The University of Arizona, 1140 E South Campus Drive, Forbes 303, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
Fungal endophytes and epiphytes associated with plant leaves can play important ecological roles through the production of specialized metabolites encoded by biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). However, their functional capacity, especially in crops like lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), remains poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAPMIS
September 2025
Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Infectious Disease Preparedness, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Clinical microbiology involves the detection and differentiation of primarily bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi in patients with infections. Billions of people may be colonised by one or more species of common luminal intestinal parasitic protists (CLIPPs) that are often detected in clinical microbiology laboratories; still, our knowledge on these organisms' impact on global health is very limited. The genera Blastocystis, Dientamoeba, Entamoeba, Endolimax and Iodamoeba comprise CLIPPs species, the life cycles of which, as opposed to single-celled pathogenic intestinal parasites (e.
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